魔兽lol电影天堂:高考英语词汇用法详释(9)

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高考英语词汇用法详释(9)

O

 

obey[E5beI] v.服从,遵守;听话:It’s our duty to obey the laws. 遵守法律是我们的义务。/ The child obeyed and went to bed. 孩子听话睡觉去了。

object[5RbdVIkt] n.[C]物体,东西;目标;宾语v.反对:Verbs that do not take an object are intransitive verbs. 不带宾语的动词叫不及物动词。

【用法】1.其后可接宾语从句,但通常不接名词或代词作宾语,遇此情况应在其后加介词 toThat’s why I object to the plan. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。/ He objected to being treated like a child. 他反对被当作小孩子看待。2.后接that宾语从句时,它表示的不是object(反对)的内容,而是其理由:I wanted to climb the hill, but he objected that he was too tired. 我要去爬山,但是他却以太累为由表示反对。

occur[E5kE:] vi.出现;存在;发生;想到:The accident occurred at five o’clock. 事故发生在五点钟。/ A good idea occurred to me. 我想起了个好主意。

【注意】是不及物动词,不用于被动语态。

ocean[5EJFEn] n.[C]海洋:the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 / in the ocean 在海洋

o’clock[E5klRk] adv.…点钟:It’s just two o’clock. 现在刚好两点。

October[Rk5tEJbE] n.十月:This paragraph relates to the October Revolution. 这个段落讲的是十月革命。

of[Cv, Ev] prep.…的;…之中的;…之量的;由…组成;从…来的;关于;因为: Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth. 失去健康比失去财富更糟。/ What he says is of great importance. 他讲的话很重要。/ He told us of his travels. 他给我们讲了他的旅行见闻。/ It is very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了。

off[Cf] prep.离开,隔开;从…脱落,从…掉下;缺席,休假;打折,减价adv.离开,(电,自来水等)停了,中断:Keep off the grass. 勿踏草地。/ Can you take something off the price, please? 能不能打一点折? / Turn the light off. 把灯关掉。

offer[5RfE] v.& n.提供;提出;出价:Thank you for your offer of help. 感谢你提供的帮助。/ Offer the guests some coffee.=Offer some coffee to the guests. 给客人们来点咖啡。/ He offered to lend me some money. 他表示可借给我一些钱。

office[5RfIs] n.[C]办公室:I don’t go to the office on Sunday. 我星期天不去办公室。

【短语】in office 执政 / out of office 不执政 / take office 就职,上任

officer[5RfIsE] n.[C]军官,官员:Please give me a hand, officer. 警官,请帮帮我。

official[E5fIFEl] n.[C]官员,高级职员adj.官方的,正式的:Is the news official? 这是官方消息吗? / Those are official figures. 那些是官方数字。

often[5R(:)fn] adv.经常,常常:Do you often have cold? 你常常感冒吗?

oh[EJ] interj.哦,噢:Oh, sir! You forgot your keys. 噢,先生!您忘了拿钥匙。

oil[RIl] n.[U]油 v.加油:You can’t mix oil with water. 你不能让油和水混合。/ We need some cooking oil. 我们需要些烹调用油。

okay/O.K.[ EJ5keI] interj.对,好,可以 adj.行,可以,好的 vt.同意,批准:The play is OK. 这出戏还可以。/ The car goes okay now. 这汽车现在行驶情况良好。/ OK, you can go. 好,你去吧。/ I got his OK. 我得到了他的同意。

old[EJld] adj.旧的,年老的,古老的:How old are you? 你多大年纪了?

【用法】the old 可用作名词,表示“老人”,表复数意义:The old have more experience than the young. 老年人比年轻人更有经验。

on[Cn] prep.在…上;接近,靠近;朝,向;乘,坐;有关,关于;在…方面;通过,凭借;为了;拥有,带着;由于,因为adv. 穿上,穿着;继续着;开着,处于工作状态中:She began to cry on hearing the news. 她听到那个消息就哭了。/ He wrote a book on Africa animals. 他写了一本关于非洲动物的书。/ Don’t waste your time on that. 不要把你的时间花在那上面。/ I’ve got no money on me. 我没有带钱。/ I congratulate you on your success. 我祝贺您的成功。

once[wQns] adv.一次,一度,从前 conj.一旦…(就…):He once [Once he] lived in the country. 他一度住在乡下。/ Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦开始,便不可停下来。

【短语】at once 立刻,马上 / once upon a time 从前;很早以前 / once in a while 偶尔,间或 / all at once 突然 / once again [more] 再一次

one[wQn] pron.一(个,只);某个人;某物;任何人 num.& adj.一:The chair has lost one of its legs. 椅子掉了一条腿。/ One should do one’s duty. 人人应该尽责。

【短语】one by one 一个接一个地,一次一个地

oneself[wQn5self] pron.自己,自身:by oneself 独自 / to oneself 独自享用

only[5EJnlI] adv.只,仅仅,只是,才 adj.惟一的,仅有的:He is only joking. 他只是开玩笑。/ She is the only girl in her family. 她是家里惟一的女孩。

【短语】if only 要是…就好了,但愿 / not onlybut also… 不但…而且…

【用法】1.通常放在所修饰的词语之前(若所修饰的词在句末,则也可将它放在该词之后):Only Jim knows him. 只有吉姆认识他。/ This ticket admits only one person.=This ticket admits one person only. 此券只准一人入场。2.修饰状语位于句首时,句子要倒装:Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。

onto[5RntJ] prep.到…上面:He jumped onto the horse. 他跳上马。

open[5EJpEn] adj.开着的,开口的 v.打开,张开:The museum is open to foreign visitors. 博物馆对外宾开放。

operate[5RpEreIt] vt.操作,运转 vi.对…施行手术:The doctor decided to operate on him (his nose) at once. 医生决定马上给他(他的鼻子)动手术。

operation[7RpE5reIFEn] n. [C](外科)手术 [U]操作:The operation of this machine is simple. 这个机器的操作很简单。

opinion[E5pInjEn] n.[C]看法,见解:In my opinion, he is wrong. 据我看,他是错了。/ I have a good (bad) opinion of him. 我对他评价很高(低)。

opposite[5RpEzIt] n.[C]相反,对面 adj.相反的,对面的prep.在…对面:He lives in the opposite house.=He lives in the house opposite. 他住在对面的房子里。

or[R:] conj.或者,还是(用在否定句中),也不:He never smokes or drinks. 他从不吸烟,也不喝酒。

【短语】or so 大约,…上下 / or else 否则,要不然

orange[5RrIndV] n.[C]橙子,柑子 adj.橙色的:A glass of orange juice, please. 请来杯橘子汁。

order[5C:dE] n.[U]顺序;秩序 (常用复)命令,指挥 [C]定购,定货v.定购,定货;点菜;命令,要求:He ordered her to go. 他命令她走。

【短语】in order 按顺序;整齐,有秩序;处于良好状态 / in order to 为了…(后接动词原形) / in order that 为了…(后接句子) / out of order 顺序乱的(地),情况不好,坏了

【用法】表示“命令”、“要求”时,若后接that从句,从句谓语通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气:The doctor ordered that she should stay in bed.(=The doctor ordered her to stay in bed.) 医生要求她卧床。

ordinary[5R:dInErI] adj.普通的,平常的:An ordinary work day is eight hours. 正常的工作日是8小时。/ It’s a piece of ordinary dance music. 那是首普通的舞曲。

organize / organise[5R:gEnaIz] vt.组织,安排 vi.组织起来:The National Games were well organized. 这次全国运动会组织得很好。

other[5QTE] adj.别的,另外的 pron.别人,别的东西:Where are the other students? 其他同学在哪里?

【用法】1.若特指,其前用定冠词;若泛指,其前不加定冠词。2.表单数时,后接单数名词;表复数时,后接复数名词或用others

otherwise[5QTEwaIz] adv.否则,要不然:We’ll go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早一点去,不然就没有座位了。

ought[R:t] v. aux.应当,应该:You ought to think everything over carefully. 你应当把一切想清楚。

【用法】1.后接带to 的不定式。2.若对过去情况进行推测,则后接动词的完成式:You ought to have noticed it. 你应当已经注意到这件事。/ I ought to have helped her, but I never could. 我本该帮助她的,却从未能这样做。

our[5aJE] pron.我们的:Which are our seats? 哪些是我们的座位?

ours[5aJEz] pron.我们的:Ours are in the car. 我们的东西在汽车里。

ourselves[7aJE5selvz] pron.我们自己,我们亲自:We had better do it ourselves. 我们最好自己干。

out[aJt] adv.出,向外,在外:When you go out, please close the door. 出去时,请把门关上。/ He is out of work. 他失业了。

outdoor[5aJtdR:]adj.户外的;室外的:I like outdoor sports. 我喜欢室外运动。

【说明】只放在名词前作定语,不用作表语。

outdoors[aJt5dR:z] adv.在户外(野外):Children usually prefer playing outdoors. 孩子们通常喜欢在室外玩。

outside[5aJtsaId] prep.& adv.在外面,向外面,在…外,向…外n. [C]外部,外面:This was quite outside his knowledge. 这完全超出了他的知识范围。

over[5EJvE] prep.在…之上,在…的(正)上方;盖在…上;横过,从…上面越过;遍及,到处;超过,多于;在…期间;因为;通过 adv.翻,翻转;遍布;结束;完全地;横过,过来:They held a large umbrella over her. 他们给她打着一把大伞。/ He put the newspaper over his face. 他用报纸盖住脸。/ Will you be at home over Christmas? 圣诞节期间你在家吗?

【短语】over there 在那边(指较远处) / all over 全身,到处 / over and over (again) 反复地 / over here 在这边

overcoat[5EJvE7kEJt] n.[C]大衣:He put on his overcoat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。

owe[EJ] vt.欠(钱);应感激;应给予;归功于:I owe my life to you. 全亏你我才能活下来。/ I owe my success to him.=I owe him my success. 我的成功要归功于他。

own[EJn] adj.自己的v.拥有:This is his own car. 这是他自己的汽车。/ This car is his own. 这汽车是他自己的。

ox[Rks] n.(pl. oxen)公牛:a herd of oxen 一群牛

 

 

P

 

pack[pAk] n. [C]包,捆 v.包装:Pack them in dozens. 把它们成打地包起来。

packet[5pAkIt] n. [C]小包裹:He bought a packet of cigarettes. 他买了一包香烟。

page[peIdV] n.[C]页,页码:Do the exercises on page 5. 做第5页上的练习。

pain[peIn] n.[C,U]疼痛;痛苦 (用复数)努力,劳苦 v.疼痛,痛苦:She has a pain [pain, pains] in her stomach. 她胃痛。/ He has taken pains to study the problem. 他费尽了心血研究这个问题。

paint[peInt] n.[U]油漆,颜料 v.油漆,粉刷;绘画:Wet [Fresh] paint. 油漆未干。/ He painted the door green. 他把门漆成了绿色。

painting[5peIntIN] n.[C]油画,绘画:Painting was the love of his life. 绘画是他毕生的爱好。

pair[pZE] n.[C]一双,一对:He needs a new pair of shoes. 他需要一双新鞋。/ The children came in in pairs. 孩子们两个两个地进来。

palace[5pAlIs] n.[C]宫殿,华丽的大厦:the Summer Palace 颐和园

pale[peIl] adj.苍白的,灰白的,淡的:He turned pale at the words. 听了这些话他脸色变得苍白。

pan[pAn] n.[C]平底锅:She fried the eggs in a frying pan. 她在平锅里煎鸡蛋。

paper[5peIpE] n. [U]纸 [C]报纸;试卷;论文,票据:You will have to show your papers at the gate. 在门口你得出示证件。

paragraph[5pArEgrB:f] n.[C](文章)段,节:Read from book, starting at the second paragraph. 念书,从第2段开始。

pardon[5pB:dn] n.& vt.原谅,宽恕:Pardon my interrupting you.=Pardon me (for) interrupting you. 请原谅我打断你的话。

【用法】口语中的I beg your pardon有多种用法,如表示道歉、提出异议、请对方重说自己没听清的话等。

parent[5pZErEnt] n.[C]父(母):Please give my best regards to your parents. 请代我向您的父母问好。

Paris[5pArIs] n.巴黎:I was glad to have the opportunity of visiting Paris. 我很高兴有机会访问巴黎。

park1[pB:k] n.[C]公园:in the park 在公园 / Beihai Park 北海公园

park2[pB:k] n.[C]停车场 v.停车:No Parking. 禁止停车。 / Don’t park the car in this street. 不得在这条街上停车。

part[pB:t] n.[C]部分;角色:Parts of this town are beautiful. 该镇的部分地区很美。/ Only (a) part of the story is true. 这个故事只有部分情节是真实的。

【短语】play an important part in 在…方面起重要作用 / for one’s part 就个人来说 / for the most part 多半,总的说来 / in part 部分地,在某种程度上 / take part in 参加

particular[pE5tIkjJlE] adj.特殊的,个别的:She’s very particular about her clothes [what she wears]. 她对穿着很讲究。

【短语】in particular 特别,尤其

particularly[pE5tIkjJlElI] adv.特别,尤其:It is particularly hot today. 今天特别热。/ He likes the country, particularly [especially] in spring. 他喜欢乡村,尤其是在春天。

partly[5pB:tlI] adv.部分地,在一定程度上:You’re partly right. 你在一定程度上是对的。/ We are all partly to blame. 我们都负有一部分责任。

party[5pB:tI] n.[C]政党,党派;晚会,聚会:He joined the Party in 1949. 他是1949年入党的。/ Who are you going to invite to the party? 你准备邀请谁参加晚会?

pass[pB:s] v.传,递;经过,通过;度过(时间),(时间)流逝 n.[C]关口;及格(证),通行证:Please let me pass. 请让我过去。/ Please pass me the salt.=Please pass the salt to me. 请把盐递给我。/ Did he pass the exam? 他通过考试了吗?

passage[5pAsIdV] n.[C]通道;走廊;(文章,讲话的)一段,一节:He forced a passage through the crowd. 他从人群中强挤出一条通路来。

passenger[5pAsIndVE] n. [C]乘客,旅客:There were fifty passengers in the bus. 公共汽车上有50名乘客。

passer-by [5pB:sEbaI] n. (pl. passers-by)过客,过路人:A few passers-by saw the accident. 有几个过路人目睹了这次事故。

past[pB:st] prep.(指时间)过;走过(某处) n. [U]过去,昔日,往事adj.过去的,从前的,刚过去的:I’ve been ill for the past three weeks. 我三周来一直在生病。

path[pB:W] n. [C]道路,路程,小径:There was a narrow path through the forest. 有一条穿过森林的小路。

patient[5peIFEnt] n. [C]病人 adj.耐心的:We must be patient with children. 我们对孩子要有耐心。

pattern[5pAtEn] n.[C]式样;图案,花样:a sentence pattern 句型

pause[pC:z] n.[C]中止,暂停,停止 vi.暂停,停顿:After a pause, the game continued. 停顿一会儿之后,比赛继续进行。

【说明】其后不接动名词,但可接不定式(为目的状语):He paused to wait for me. 他停下来等我。

pay[peI]v. (paid, paid)付钱,发工资,给…报酬 n. [C]工资:He’ll do it if you pay him. 如果你付钱他是会干的。/ How much pay do you get? 你的工资是多少?

【短语】pay back偿还(借款);报复 / pay back 偿还(借款) / pay off 还清(债务等)

peace[pi:s] n.[U,C]和平,平静:Let me do my work in peace. 让我安静地工作。/ Several policemen went there to keep the peace. 有几个警察去了那儿维持秩序。

peaceful[5pi:sfJl] adj.和平的,安静的:It’s peaceful at home when the children are at school. 孩子们在学校上学时,家里就安静了。

pear[pZE] n.[C]梨子,梨树:snow pear 雪梨

peasant[5pezEnt] n. [C]农民:The peasant girl has become an engineer. 这位农村姑娘成了工程师。

pen[pen] n. [C]钢笔:I lost my pen. 我把钢笔丢了。

【用法】表示用钢笔写,通常用with a pen,也可说成in ink

pence[pens] n. (penny的复数)便士(英国货币):Potatoes are 20 pence a pound. 土豆20便士一磅。

pencil[5pensl] n.[C]铅笔:Don’t write in pencil. 不要用铅笔写。

penny[5penI] n. [C] (pl. pence)便士(英国货币)

【辨析】penniespence两种复数形式:前者主要用来指一便士的硬币数,后者主要用于数词后构成复合词或用来谈论钱的价值:Give me five pennies for this five-pence. 请把这个5便士硬币换成5枚1便士硬币。/ It only costs a few pence. 它只值几分钱。

people[5pi:pl] n. [C]人,人们;民族 (连用the)人民:Were there many people at the party? 参加晚会的人很多吗?

【用法】1.表示“人”或“人们”,只用单数形式,但表示复数意义;作主语时谓语用复数。2.表示“民族”时,为可数名词,其前可用不定冠词,也可有复数形式:the peoples of the world 世界各国人民

percent[pE5sEnt] n.百分之…:The price was reduced by 18 per cent. 价格降低了百分之十八。

perfect[5pE:fIkt] adj.极好的,完美的:None of us are perfect. 我们谁也不是完人。

【注意】本身含有“极”、“最”之义,通常不用于比较等级,也不受very修饰。

perform[pE5fC:m] v.做,实行,执行;表演:The doctors are performing an operation. 医生们在做手术。/ The children performed a play. 孩子们演了一出戏。

perhaps[pE5hAps] adv.可能,也许,或许:Perhaps they like you better than me.也许比起我来他们更喜欢你呢。

period[5pIErIEd] n.[C]时期,时代;一节(课):This was the most difficult period of his life. 这是他一生中最艰难的时期。

permit[pE5mIt] v.许可,允许 n.[C]许可证,执照:Write me when time permits. 有时间请写信给我。/ Have you got a permit to fish in this lake? 你有在这个湖里钓鱼的许可证吗?

【用法】可接动名词作宾语,但不接不定式作宾语:We do not permit smoking here. 不准在此吸烟。不过不定式的复合结构可作其宾语:They permitted her to leave. 他们允许她离开。

person[5pE:sn] n. [C]人,个人:You’re looking a different person. 你看起来像换了一个人。/ He will come in person. 他将亲自来。

persuade [pE5sweId] v. 说服,劝说:He persuaded his wife to change her mind. 他说服他妻子改变了主意。

【说明】指说服,若说而不服,则用 try to persuade

pet[pet] n.[C]宠物:She has two cats as pets. 她养了两只猫,把它们当做宠物。

photo / photograph[5fEJtEJ][5fEJtEgrB:f]n. [C]照片:I’ll have a photo taken. 我要请人拍个照。/ I took a lot of photos during my holiday. 我在度假期间拍了许多照片。

【比较】take a photohave a photo taken:前者指“(自己)拍照”,后者指“请人拍照”。

physics[5fIzIks] n.[U]物理学:Physics studies mechanics, heat, light, sound and electricity. 物理学研究力学、热学、光学、声学和电学。

piano[pI5AnEJ] n. [C,U]钢琴:I can’t play the piano, but I can play the guitar. 我不会弹钢琴,但会弹吉他。

pick[pIk] v.摘,挑选,扒窃:They were picking cotton. 他们在采棉花。/ Pick out the books that you’d like to read. 挑出你要读的书。/ My pocket was picked. 我的口袋被扒了。

【短语】pick out 挑选;找出 / pick up 拿起,捡起;收拾,整理;学会;(用车)来接,去取;改进,改善;重新开始,继续;感染(疾病、坏习惯等)

picnic[5pIknIk] v.(picnicked, picnicked) 野餐n.[C]野餐:The children picnicked in the woods. 孩子们在树林里野餐了。

picture[5pIktFE] n. [C]图画,图片;照片;影片:There are a few pictures on the wall. 墙上有几张画。/ I often go to the pictures on Sunday. 我星期天常去看电影。

pie[paI] n. [C]馅饼:fruit pies 水果馅饼 / Have some more pie. 再吃点馅饼吧。

piece[pi:s] n. [C]一起(张,片,件…):Here are two pieces of advice. 这是两条建议。/ He tore the letter into pieces. 他把那封信撕得粉碎。

pig[pIg] n. [C]猪:He keeps [raises] 20 pigs. 他养了20头猪。

pile[paIl] n. [C]堆 v.堆放:Next to it stood a pile of paper cups. 它旁边有一堆纸杯。/ He piled books on his desk. 他把书堆放在书桌上。

pillow[5pIlEJ] n. [C]枕头:He used his boots for a pillow. 他用靴子作枕头。

pilot[5paIlEt] n. [C]飞行员:Michael was the first pilot to fly the plane round the world. 麦克是第一个驾驶飞机作环球飞行的飞行员。

pin[pIn] n. [C]大头针,别针 v.别住,钉住:pin papers together 把文件用针钉在一起 / drawing pin图钉

pink[pINk] adj.粉红色的 n. [U]粉红色:The combination of red and white forms pink. 红色和白色混合即成为粉红色。

pioneer[7paIE5nIE] n.[C]先锋,开拓者:the Young Pioneers 少年先锋队

pipe[paIp] n. [C]管子,输送管;烟斗:Does he smoke a pipe? 他抽烟斗吗?

pity[5pItI] n.[U]同情 [C]可惜的事,遗憾的事 vt.同情;可怜:Do have [take] pity on me. 千万要可怜可怜我。/ It’s a pity that he can’t come. 他不能来真是遗憾。

place[pleIs] n.[C]地方,地点;住所;座位;空地;名次v.放,安置:That would be a nice place for a picnic. 这是野餐的好地方。/ Go back to your place. 回到你的座位上去。/ He placed the books on the desk. 他把书放在桌上。

【短语】take place 发生 / take the place of 代替,接替 / change places 换座位 / in place of 代替

plain[pleIn] adj.坦白的,平易的;朴素的 n. [C]平原,旷野:From the hill top we could see the plains below. 从山顶我们可以看到下方的平原。

plan[plAn] n.& v.计划:Everyone made plans for going abroad. 每个人都制定了出国计划。/ Do you plan to stay [on staying] here? 你打算留在这里吗?

plane[pleIn] / aeroplane[5ZErEpleIn] n.[C]飞机:Are you going by train or by plane? 你坐火车去还是坐飞机去?

plant[plB:nt] n.[C]植物 vt.种植,播种:Trees and vegetables are plants. 树和蔬菜是植物。/ April is the time to plant. 4月是种植的时候。

plastic[5plAstIk] adj.塑料的n.[C,U]塑料:The company sells plastic products. 这家公司出售塑料制品。

【用法】作名词时,可数或不可数均可,但可数时,通常用复数:Plastic is [Plastics are] sometimes used instead of wood and metal. 塑料有时被用来代替木材和金属。

plate[pleIt] n.[C]盘子,碟子(比dish浅,扁平):I almost dropped the plate. 我差点把碟子掉了。

platform[5plAtfR:m] n.[C]讲台,站台;平台:A hall usually has a platform for speakers. 礼堂里通常有一个演讲台。

play[pleI] v.玩,做游戏,打球 n. [C,U]玩耍,戏剧:He came over to chat and play cards.他过来聊天、打牌。/ This play is based on a true story. 这出戏以真事为基础。

【比较】play sbplay with sb:前者“同某人比赛”,后者指“玩…”、“同…玩”。

player[5pleIE] n.[C]运动员(者),演员;帮游戏者:She is a good tennis player. 她是一个好的网球手。

playground[5pleIgraJnd] n.[C]操场,(儿童)游乐场:The children were all [on] in the playground. 孩子们都在操场上。

pleasant[5plezEnt] adj.令人愉快的,招人喜欢的,舒适的:The walk was very pleasant. 那次散步很愉快。

【辨析】pleasantpleased:前者指令人愉快,后者指感到愉快。比较:He was pleased. 他很高兴。/ He was pleasant. 他讨人喜欢。

please[pli:z] adv.请;好的v. 使人高兴,使人满意;喜欢,愿意:It’s difficult to please everybody. 很难使每个人满意。/ Go where you please. 你想去哪儿就去哪儿。

pleased[pli:zd] adj.高兴的,愉快的:I’m very pleased with your work. 我对你的工作很满意。/ He was pleased to accept the invitation. 他高兴地接受了邀请。

pleasure[5pleVE] n.[U]高兴,愉快 [C]令人高兴的事:He finds pleasure in reading. 他从阅读中得到乐趣。/ It is a pleasure to work with you. 和你一起工作真是件乐事。

【用法】其后可接of doing sth作定语,但不接不定式作定语:When may I have the pleasure of seeing you again? 什么时候我能有幸再见到你?

【比较】(it’s) a [my] pleasurewith pleasure:前者意为“不客气”、“不用谢”,用于回答感谢;后者意为“高兴地”、“乐意地”。

plenty[5plentI] n.充足,大量 adv.相当,足够:There was food and drink in plenty. 有充足的饮食。/ She has plenty of imagination. 她想像力丰富。

plough[plaJ] n.& v.犁,耕:The land ploughs hard after the drought. 大旱之后土地难耕。

pocket[5pRkIt] n.[C]衣袋:a pocket radio 袖珍收音机 / pocket money 零用钱

poem[5pEJIm] n.[C]诗:Their lives are a poem. 他们的生活就是一首诗。

poet[5pEJIt] n.[C]诗人:A poet writes poems. 诗人写诗。

point[pRInt] n.[C]尖,尖端;点,观点;分数;特点;用处v.指,指向:It was a turning point in his career. 这是他事业上的转折点。/ There’s no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。

【短语】point at (用手)指着;用…对着(指着,瞄准等) / point to (用手)指着;(指针或房子等)指着;朝向;说明 / point out 指出;把注意力引向

pole[pEJl] n. [C]杆,柱,极:the North pole 北极

police[pE5li:s] n. [C]警察:Watch out! The police are coming. 当心,警察来了。

【用法】1.表示“警察”的总称,其前通常用 the(有时也可省略)。2.形式上虽为单数,但含义上永远是复数;作主语时,谓语必须是复数。

policeman[pE5li:smEn] n.(pl. policemen)[C]警察:Do that again and I’ll call a policeman! 你要再这样做,我就叫警察了!

polite[pE5laIt] adj.有礼貌的,有教养的:Be more polite to ladies. 对女士要更有礼貌。/ It’s polite of him to do so. 他那样做很有礼貌。

political[pE5lItIkEl] adj.政治的:This is a political as well as an economic question. 这是一个政治也是经济问题。

politics[5pRlItIks] n.[U]政治(学):Their talks always center around politics. 他们的谈话总是围绕着政治。

pollution[pE5lU:FEn] n. [U]污染:The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染问题日见严峻。

pool[pu:l] n.[C]水池,水坑:After the heavy rain there were pools on the road. 大雨过后路上有一些小水坑。

poor[pJE] adj.贫穷的;可怜的;不好的:That poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。

【说明】the poor 可用作名词,意为“穷人”,表复数意义:The poor have a claim to our sympathy. 穷人值得我们同情。

popular[5pCpjJlE] adj.受欢迎的,讨人喜欢的;大众化的,通俗的,流行的:The singer is very popular with [among] young people. 这位歌手很受年轻人的欢迎。

population[7pCpjJ5leIF?n] n.[C,U]人口;某一国家或地区的所有人:How large [What] is the population of Japan? 日本有多少人口?

【用法】 1.形容人口数的多少,通常不用 manyfew,而用 large, small, huge, high 等。2.为集合名词,若表示“人口”,表单数意义;若表示某一国家或地区的所有人,既可表示单数意义(视为整体)也可表示复数意义(考虑其个体):More than one third of the population here still live(s) under the poverty line. 这里有三分之一多的人仍然生活在贫困线以下。但若表语为复数,则谓语也通常用复数:One-tenth of the population are elderly people. 十分之一的人口是老年人。

pork [pR:k] n.[U]猪肉:Do you like roast pork? 你喜欢烤猪肉吗?

port[pC:t] n. [C,U]港口:enter (a) port 入港 / leave (a) port 出港

position[pE5zIF?n] n.[C]位置;姿势;处境;职业:This placed him in a difficult position. 这使他处境困难。/ He’s got a good position. 他谋得一份好工作。

【短语】in position 在应在的位置,在适当的位置 / out of position 位置没放好

possession[pE5zeF?n] n.[U]所有,拥有 (常用复)财产,所有物:He had few possessions. 他的财产很少。

【比较】in possession of sthin the possession of sb:前者表示“拥有某物”,后者表示“被某人拥有”(=in sb’s possession)

possible[5pRsEbl]adj.可能发生的,可能的:I’ll help you if possible. 可能的话,我会帮助你的。/ Is it possible for their hopes to be realized? 他们的愿望能实现吗?

possibly[5pRsEblI] adv.可能地,也许:Without these we can’t possibly succeed. 没有这些我们不可能成功。

post[pEJst] n.[U]邮政,邮寄 [U,有时用a]邮件 [C]工作,职位vt.投寄,邮寄: Remember to post the letters. 记得把这些信寄了。/ If you could get the book, please send it to me by post. 如果你能弄到那本书,请邮寄给我。

postcard[5pEJstkB:d] n.[C]明信片:He sent me a postcard from the United Nations. 他从联合国给我寄来一张明信片。

pot[pRt] n. [C]锅,壶,瓶,罐:She made a pot of coffee. 她煮了一壶咖啡。

potato[pE5teItEJ] n. (pl. potatoes) [C,U]土豆,马铃薯:They live on potatoes. 他们靠吃马铃薯生活。

pound[paJnd] n.[C]英镑,磅:There are 100 pence to every pound. 1英镑有100便士。/ He weighed 10 pounds at birth. 他出生时有10磅重。

pour[pR:] v.倒,注,灌;流出,倾泻(雨等,倾盆而下):It was pouring with rain. 这时下着倾盆大雨。/ Shall I pour you some water? 我要不要给你倒点水?

powder[5paJdE] n.[U]粉,粉末:milk powder 奶粉

power[5paJE] n.[U]力,能力;权力;动力 (常用复)体力,智力:Some animals have the power to see in the dark. 有些动物具有在黑暗中能看见东西的本领。

practical[5prAktIkEl] adj.实际的,实用的:It’s a practical proposal. 那是切实可行的建议。/ Practical experience is often very important. 实践经验通常很重要。

practice[5prAktIs] n.[U,C]实行,实践;实习,练习;惯例,常规:He makes a practice of going to bed early. 他有早睡的习惯。

【短语】in practice 实际上,实行起来(用作状语);业务熟练,没有荒疏(用作表语) / out of practice 荒疏,缺乏练习

practise / practice[5prAktIs] v.实践,实行,实施,惯做,常做;实习,练习,训练:You must practise speaking English more. 你应更多地练习讲英语。/ Economy has to be practised. 必须厉行节约。

【说明】后接动词要用动名词,不用不定式。

praise[preIz] n.[U]赞美,赞扬 vt.赞扬,表扬:He praised her for her courage. 他表扬她有勇气。

【短语】in praise of 赞扬,称赞

precious[5preFEs] adj.宝贵的,珍贵的:It’s foolish to idle away one’s precious time. 把大好时光浪费掉是愚蠢的。

prefer[prI5fE:] vt.(preferred, preferring)宁可,宁愿,更喜欢:Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶? / I prefer walking alone. 我喜欢一个人溜达。/ He prefers to read rather than watch television. 他喜欢读书而不喜欢看电视。

【用法】表示宁愿做某事而不愿做另一事或喜欢(做)某事而不喜欢(做)另一事,英语通常用prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sthprefer to do sth rather than do sth

prepare[prI5pZE] v.准备,预备:We must be prepared against war. 我们必须备战。/ We were not prepared for the heavy rain. 我们没有提防要下这么大一场雨。

present[prI5zent] n.[C,U]现在,目前 [C]礼物 adj.在场的,出席的,现在的vt. [5preznt]赠予,颁予;提出:What’s your present feeling? 你现在感觉如何? / How many people were present? 有多少人出席? / They presented flowers to their teacher. 他们献花给老师。

【短语】at present 现在,目前 / for the present 暂时

president[5prezId?nt] n.[C]总统,主席;大学校长,学院院长;会长,社长;总裁,董事长,(银行)行长:They elected him President. 他们选他当总统。

press[pres] v.压,按,挤;熨,熨平;紧迫 n.(常用单)压,推,压挤,(连用the)新闻界 [C]出版社,印刷厂;熨烫:You pressed the wrong switch. 你按错了开关。/ Time is pressing. 时间很紧迫。/ the University Press 大学出版社

pretend[prI5tend] v.假装;假扮;自称:He pretended to be ill. 他假装生病了。/ He pretended not to have seen me. 他假装没看见我。

pretty[5prItI] adj.漂亮的,俊俏的 adv.相当地:She’s so pretty. 她真漂亮。

prevent[prI5vent] v.防止的,阻止,预防:Who prevents their plans from being carried out? 谁阻止他们的计划不让实施?

price[praIs] n.[C]价格,价钱:Prices keep going up. 物价持续上涨。/ What’s the price of the this camera? 这部照相机多少钱?

【说明】表示价格的高低用highlow,一般不用dear, expensive, cheap等。

pride[praId] n.[U,有时连用a]自豪,骄傲,得意vt.自豪:He took (a) great pride in his work. 他对他的工作感到很骄傲。

print[prInt] vt.印刷,痕迹;刊载,出版:This weekly is printed every Friday. 这份周报每星期五印刷。/ Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular! 一旦出版,这本词典将会非常畅销!

prison[5prIz?n] n.[C]监狱[U]监禁:The thief was put into prison. 小偷被关进了监狱。/ They were sent [taken] to prison for stealing money. 他们因偷钱被关进监狱。

prisoner[5prIznE] n.[C]囚犯,犯人:The police questioned the prisoner. 警察盘问囚犯。/ We keep a close watch on the prisoners. 我们严密看守囚犯。

prize[praIz] n.[C]奖赏,奖品:The judges awarded her the first prize for her picture. 评委把她的画评为一等奖。/ He won a prize for writing the best story. 他获得了最佳故事创作奖。

probably[5prRbEblI] adv.很可能,大概,或许:He’ll probably say he hasn’t seen it. 他可能会说他没见到过它。/ We will probably go by train. 我们可能坐火车去。

problem[5prRblEm] n. [C]问题,习题:I’l help you (to) solve the problem. 我来帮助你解决这个问题。

【用法】口语中说no problem,可用来回答道歉和感谢。

produce[prE5dju:s] v.产生,生产,制造:A hen produces eggs and a cow produces milk. 母鸡产蛋,奶牛产奶。/ Hard work often produces good results. 努力工作经常会有好结果。

production[prE5dQkF?n] n.[U]生产,制造;产量:production plan生产计划 / Production costs fell by 30%. 生产成本下降了30%。

professor[prE5fesE] n.[C]教授:a visiting professor 客座教授 / He’s a professor of law at [in] Cambridge (University). 他是剑桥大学的(在剑桥大学任)法学教授。

program(me)[5prEJgrAm] n.[C]节目单,程序表;节目;活动计划,日程安排;程序:What is the programme for this afternoon? 今天下午有什么活动?

progress[5prEJgres] n.[U]进步vi.进展,前进:Study hard [well] and make progress every day. 好好学习,天天向上。

promise[5prRmIs] n.[C]诺言 v.答应,允诺;预示:I can’t promise you anything now. 我目前不能答应你什么。/ I promise to come. 我答应来。

pronounce[prE5naJns] v. 发音,宣告,断言:How is this word pronounced? 这个字怎么读? / The doctor pronounced the man dead. 医生宣布这人死亡。

pronunciation[prE7nQnsI5eIFEn]n.[C,U]语音,发音:This word has two pronunciations. 这个词有两种读法。/ He has a good pronunciation. 他的发音很好。

proper[5prRpE] adj.适当的,正确的:Everything was in its proper place. 一切均已各就各位。/ He’s never had a proper job. 他从来没有一个正当的职业。

protect[prE5tekt] vt.保护:My duty is to protect you. 我的职责是保护你们。/ Our clothing protects us from the cold. 衣服帮我们御寒。

proud[praJd] adj.自豪的,骄傲的:He is proud of being rich. 他以富有而自豪。/ I’m proud to be your friend. 能与你交朋友我感到很自豪。

prove[pru:v] v.证明,证实,证明是:It might prove the best plan. 它可能证明是最好的计划。/ His story proved false. 他讲的情况事实表明是假的。

provide[prE5vaId] v.提供:Nature does not provide everything we want. 自然界并不提供我们所需要的一切东西。

【比较】以下两句结构不同,但含义相同:Sheep provides wool for us.=Sheep provides us with wool. 羊为我们提供羊毛。

public[5pQblIk] adj.公共的,公开的:You mustn’t do that in a public place. 你不可在公共场所做那事。

【短语】in public 公开地,在公众面前

【用法】the public用作主语时,谓语可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑个体):The public has [have] a right to know what’s in the report. 公众有权知道这篇报告的内容。

pull[pJl] v.拉,拖拔:pull on 穿戴 / You push and I pull. 你推我拉。

pump[pQmp] n.[C]泵,抽水机 v.用泵抽水,用打气筒打气:They had pumped the well dry. 他们把井水抽干了。

punish[5pQnIF] vt.惩罚,处罚:He will be punished for it. 他会为此受到惩罚。

pupil[5pju:pl] n.[C](小)学生:To be a good teacher, one must first be a good pupil. 要作好先生,首先要作好学生。

pure[pjJE] adj.纯的,纯净的;完美的,完全的:Is the cup made of pure gold? 这只杯子是纯金做的吗? / It was a pure accident. 这全然是一次意外事故。

purpose[5pE:pEs] n.[C]目前,意图:What is your purpose in being here? 你在这儿干什么? / He came here with [for] the purpose of seeing his family. 他来这里的目的是探亲。

【短语】on purpose 有意地,故意地

purse[pE:s] n.[C]钱包:The lady put her wallet in her purse. 那位女士将皮夹子放在手提包内。

push[pJF] v.& n.[C]推:He pushed open the library door. 他推开了图书馆的门。/ She gave me a gentle push. 她轻轻推了我一下。

put[pJt] v.(putput)放,摆:He put the cups on the table. 他把杯子放在桌子上。

【短语】put away 收拾;放弃,打消;存蓄 / put down 放下,写下,使下车;镇压 / put off 推迟;推脱;使不高兴 / put on 穿,戴;上演,装(样子);开(电、灯等);增加 / put out 扑灭,使熄灭;生产;公布,发表;使不高兴 / put up 举起,架起,撑起;盖起,修建;张贴,挂;住宿