魔兽dota地图制作:高考英语词汇用法详释（6）

高考英语词汇用法详释（6）

G

gain[geIn] v. 获得；获益，增加；(钟、表)走快n.[C]收获，收益：Without a job, it is impossible to earn any money. 没有工作就不可能挣到钱。/ No pains, no gains.不劳则无获。/ He cares very little for fame and gain.他对名利很淡薄。

game[geIm] n. [C]游戏，运动；比赛，比赛得分(成绩)；(用复数)运动会：Football is a team game. 足球是一项集体运动。/ How about playing a game of chess now? 现在来下盘棋好吗?

【用法】表示“运动会”的games用作主语时，谓语通常用复数(偶尔也用单数)：The 1984 (Olympic) Games were [was] held in Los Angeles. 1984年奥运会在(美国)洛杉矶举行。

garage[5gArB:dV,5gArIdV] n.[C]车库：The garage is back of the house. 车库在房屋后面。

garden[5gB:dEn] n.[C]花园，果园，菜园：a back garden 后花园

gate[geIt] n.[C]大门：I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park. 我要他在公园门口等我。

gather[5gATE] v.聚集，集合；收集，采摘：We will gather at the school gate at eight. 我们将8点钟在校门口集合。/ He gathered me some flowers.=He gathered some flowers for me. 他给我采了几朵花。

【短语】gather around 聚集，召集，集合 / gather in 收进，收获 / gather up收集，拾起，捡起，收拾；集中，概括

gay¹[geI] adj.快乐的，愉快的 n.[U]快乐：We were all gay at the thought of the coming holidays. 我们一想到即将来临的假期便高兴起来。

gay²[geI] adj.(男)同性恋的n.[C](男)同性恋者：I don’t know he was gay. 我不知道他是同性恋者。

general[5dVenErEl] adj.一般的，普遍的，大致的，总的 n.将军：Give me a general idea of the work. 告诉我这件工作的概括情况。/ The general ordered his troops to cease fire. 那位将军命令他的军队停火。

【短语】in general 总的说来；大多数

generation[7dVenE5reIFEn] n.[C]代，一代：We belong to the same generation. 我们是同龄人。

【短语】generation gap代沟 / from generation to generation=generation after generation 一代一代

【注意】汉语说老一代和年轻一代，并无比较意味，但英语却通常说成the older generation和the younger generation。

gentle[5dVentl] adj.文雅的，温和的：She is gentle in touch, manner, and voice. 她在气质、态度、声调方面都温柔和蔼。

gentleman[5dVentlmEn] n.[C]绅士，先生：Ladies and gentlemen 女士们和先生们

geography[dVI5RgrEfI] n.[U]地理(学) [C]地理书：He’s interested in geography. 他对地理感兴趣。

German[5dVE:mEn] adj.德国的，德国人的，德语的 n. [C]德国人 [U]德语：He passed in German, but failed in English. 他德语考试及格了，但英语没及格。

【注意】表示“德国人”时，其复数是Germans，不是Germen。

Germany[5dVE:mEnlI] n.德国：At the finals, they lost to Germany. 在决赛中他们输给了德国。

get[get] v.(got, got)成为，变得，使得；得到，收到；具有；到达：Get me a chair, please. 请给我搬张椅子。/ You’ll get to like your work. 你慢慢会喜欢你的工作的。/ If you don’t get more exercise, you’ll get fat. 你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。

【短语】get about [around] (能)到处走动，旅行；(消息等)传播 / get along 离开(某地)；相处；进展 / get away离开，逃走；逃脱 / get down 弄下，写下，吞下 / get in 进站，回来；请来；插话；收获 / get off 起飞，动身，出发，下班，下车 / get on上车；进展，过日子；相处 / get out 出来，出去，离开；拿出，取出；发表；泄漏 / get out of 逃避，躲掉；使说出(拿出等)；放弃，戒除，停止 / get over 走过，越过；克服；恢复 / get through 做完，用完，吃完，看完；通过(考试)，接通(电话)，度过(时间) / get together 聚会，联欢 / get up 起床，起身；打扮；举办

【比较】get sb (sth) to do sth与get sb (sth) doing sth：前者指使“某人(某事物)做某事”，后者指“使某人(某事物)开始…起来”。

gift[gIft] n. [C]赠品，礼物；天赋，天才：a birthday gift 生日礼物 / Her gift to him was a pen. 她送给他的礼物是一支钢笔。/ She has a gift for (learning) languages. 她对学语言有天赋。

girl[gE:l] n.[C]女孩，姑娘：Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?

give[gIv](gave, given) v.给，给予，赠给，引起：Give the book to him. 把这本书给他。/ I hope you can give us some help. 我希望你能给我们一些帮助。/ I’m sorry I’ve given you so much trouble. 对不起给了你这么多麻烦。

【短语】give away 赠，送，泄露，出卖 / give back 归还，送回 / give in 屈服，让步，投降 / give off 发出(蒸汽，光等) / give out 分发，用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽；发出(气味，热等) / give up 放弃

【用法】过去分词given有时用作介词，表示“考虑到”、“鉴于”：Given their inexperience [Given that they’re inexpeerienced], they’ve done a good job. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们已干得很不错了。

 glad[glAd] adj.高兴的，乐意的：I am glad to meet you. 我很高兴见到你。/ We’re glad of your success. 我们为你的成功而高兴。/ I’m glad about your passing the exam. 你考试及格了，我很高兴。

glance[glB:ns] v.& n.一瞥，扫视，瞥见：He glanced round the room. 他扫视了一下房间。/ She threw me a quick frightened glance. 她快速惊恐地望了我一眼。

glass[glB:s] n. [U]玻璃 [C]玻璃杯 (用复数)眼镜：a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 / He handed me a glass of beer. 他递给我一杯啤酒。/ I cut my hand on some broken glass. 我的手被碎玻璃割伤了。

globe[glEJb] n. (连用the)地球 [C]地球仪，球状物：We use a globe in our geography lessons. 我们在地理课上使用地球仪。/ This plant can grow in many parts of the globe. 这种植物能在地球上许多地方生长。

glove[glQv] n. [C]手套：He has his gloves on. 他戴着手套。

go¹[gEJ]v. (went, gone) 去，行走；变为；处于…的状态；(机器等)运转；通到；相配；从事(活动)：Let’s go for a walk along the river. 咱们到江边散散步。/ The milk went sour. 牛奶变质了。/ He went hungry. 他饿着肚子。/ Yesterday we went swimming in the river. 昨天我们去河边游泳了。

【短语】go back 回去；回顾，回溯 / go by从(…)旁边经过；(时间、机会等)过去；遵循，按照，以…为依据 / go down 下落，下降，降低，减弱 / go in for 参加(考试、比赛等)；从事(某一职业等)；爱好，喜欢 / go into 到达，进入，从事，参加；调查，研究 / go out 出去；出国，远行；熄灭 / go over 复习，演习；检查，核对 / go through 通过；检查，审查，查找；经历；做完，用完 / go up上升，上涨；建立 / be going to 打算，即将

【比较】go on doing sth与go on to do sth：前者指不停地做某事或继续做某事，后者指做完某事后接着或继续做某事：You oughtn’t to go on living this way. 你不应该再这样生活下去了。/ He went on to talk about his family. 他接着谈了他的家庭。

go²[gEJ] n. 1.[C]尝试(做某事)；(常用单)轮到某人(做某事)：Let’s have a go at it. 让我们试一试。/ It’s my go. 轮到我啦。

goal[gEJl] n.[C]目标，目的；(足球)球门，(赛跑等的)终点：His goal is a job at the university. 他的目标是要在大学任教。

goat[gEJt] n.[C]山羊：Men and goats have [grow] beards. 人和山羊都长胡子。

god[gRd] n.神，上帝：God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你!(天啊!)

gold[gEJld] n.[U]黄金 adj. 金质的；金色的：All that glitters is not gold.=All is not gold that glitters. 发亮的不一定都是金子。

golden[5gEJldEn] adj.金色的；金质的；黄金般的，可贵的：golden hair 金发 / The 18th century was the golden age of the novel. 18 世纪是小说的黄金时期。

good[gJd] adj.(better, best)好的，有益的 n.[U]好处，益处：She is good at telling stories. 她擅长讲故事。/ It’s good for her to buy a computer. 买台电脑对他有好处。It’s good of you to lend it to me. 你真好把它借给我。/ Is it any good trying to explain? 试图作些解释有用吗?

good-bye[5gJdbaI] interj.& n.再见：say good-bye to sb 向某人道别 / She kissed them good-bye. 她吻别他们。

goods[gJdz] n.(复数)商品，货物：five pieces of goods五件货 / The goods are in danger of robbery. 这货有被盗的危险。

【用法】只有复数形式，用作主语时，谓语要用复数；虽为复数，但不能与数词连用。

goose[gu:s] n.(pl. geese) [C]鹅 [U]鹅肉：I don’t care much for goose. 我不太喜欢吃鹅肉。

government[5gQvEnmEnt] n. [C]政府：the People’s Government 人民政府

【用法】若视为整体，表单数意义；若考虑其成员，则表复数意义：The government is planning to build a dam there. 政府打算在那里建一座水坝。/ The government are discussing the proposal. 政府(人员)正在讨论这个建议。

grade[greId] n. [C]等级；年级；成绩，分数：She ranked her students according to their grades. 她按成绩排列学生的名次。/ They sort apples by grade. 他们把苹果按等级分类。/ Her son is in the sixth grade. 她儿子读六年级。

gradually[5grAdjJElI] adv. 逐渐地：Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work. 我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。

graduate[5grAdjJeIt] v.毕业n.[C]大学毕业生，毕业生：He graduated in history. 他毕业于历史专业。/ He is a graduate of Oxford University. 他是牛津大学的毕业生。

【用法】1.用作动词，一般不及物；有时也用作及物动词，且用于被动语态，但较少见。2.表示从某学校毕业，其后通常接介词at(英)或from(美)。

grain[greIn] n. [U]谷物，谷类 [C]谷粒：Grain is used for making flour. 谷物用来做面粉。/ Bring in every single grain. 颗粒还仓。

grammar[5grAmE] n. [U]语法 [C]语法书：Is grammar important when learning English?在学英语的过程中，语法重要吗?

grand[grAnd] adj.庄严的，雄伟的，显赫的：He lives in a grand house. 他住在一栋富丽堂皇的房子里。

granddaughter[5grAn7dR:tE] n. [C]孙女，外孙女：Her granddaughter is lovely. 她的孙女很可爱。

grandfather[5grAnd7fB:TE] n. [C]祖父，外祖父：Grandfather won’t allow it. 爷爷不会允许这样做。

grandmother[5grAnd7mQTE] n. [C]祖母，外祖母：I’ve been to see your grandmother. 我(刚才)看你奶奶去了。

grandson[5grAndsQn] n. [C]孙子；外孙：Her grandson is kind to her. 她的外孙对她很好。

grass[grB:s] n. [U,C]草，草地：Keep off the grass. 勿踏草地。

great[greIt] adj.伟大的；重要的：A great deal of money is spent on research. 研究工作上花了许多钱。/ These products are in great demand. 这种产品需求很大。

Greek[gri:k] adj.希腊(人)的，希腊语的n. [C]希腊人 [U]希腊语：Greek letters 希腊字母 / It’s all Greek to me. 这东西我一窍不通。

green[gri:n] adj.& n.绿色(的)，青色(的)；未熟的；没有经验的：Try pressing the green button. 按绿色按钮试试。/ She was dressed in green. 她穿着绿衣服。

greet[gri:t] vt. 问候，向…打招呼：She greeted me warmly. 她热情地和我打招呼。/ His speech was greeted with cheers. 他的演说得到热烈的喝彩。

greeting[5gri:tIN] n. [C,U]祝贺，问候，致意：As I entered, he gave me a nod of greeting. 当我进来时，他点头向我打招呼。

【用法】表示“致贺”、“贺辞”时，通常用复数形式，且多与动词give, send, receive, offer 等连用：Please give my greetings to your parents. 请代我向你父母问好。

grey / gray[greI] adj.灰(白)色的：He was already gray at 30. 他30岁时头发就已经灰白了。/ The blue shirt and gray tie are a good match. 蓝衬衫和灰领带很相配。

ground[graJnd] n.[C]地面；场地：He was lying on the ground. 他躺在地上。

group[gru:p] n.[C](小)组，团体，群：The teacher divided the pupils into three groups. 老师把学生分成三组。

grow[grEJ] v.(grew, grown)种植，生长；渐渐变得：He grows vegetables. 他种植蔬菜。/ The weather is growing cold. 天气冷起来了。

【用法】其后接不定式表示开始做某事，此时不定式通常为 be, like, hate, believe 等动词：He’s growing to like her better. 他变得更喜欢她了。

guard[gB:d] n.[C]卫兵，哨兵 [U]防卫，警戒；监视，看守v.保卫，防卫；监视：He is always on his guard. 他一直很警惕。/ Two big dogs guard the farm. 有两条大狗看守农场。

guess[ges] v.& n.猜，猜测：I guessed his thoughts. 我猜着了他的想法。/ He made a blind guess. 他胡猜一通。

guest[gest] n.[C]客人：She greeted her guests at the door. 她在门口迎接客人。

guide[gaId] n. [C]向导，导游者v.引导，引路；指导，辅导；支配：The guide showed us around the city. 导游带我们游览了这座城市。/ They guided us to the office. 他们带领我们到了办公室。

gun[gQn] n. [C]枪，炮：We fired our guns at the enemy. 我们向敌人开炮。

H

habit[5hAbIt] n.[C,U]习惯，习性：It was not his habit to ask people for things. 他没有向别人要东西的习惯。/ Try to develop good reading habits. 要养成良好的阅读习惯。

【用法】表示做某事的习惯，其后要接 of doing sth，不接to do sth：He has broken off [got rid of] the habit of drinking. 他已戒掉了喝酒的习惯。

hair[hZE] n.[C, U]头发，毛：I shall cut my hair. 我将理发(自己给自己理发)。/ I shall have my hair cut. 我将理发(请别人给我理发)。

【用法】表示“头发”的总称，是集合名词(不可数)；表示一根根的头发，是可数名词：He wears his hair long. 他留长发。/ There are hairs on your jacket. 你的上衣上有几根头发。

haircut[5hZEkQt] n.[C](男子)理发，发型：I’ll go and get a haircut. 我要去理发。

half[hB:f] adj.半，一半 n.[C,U]半，一半 adv.部分地，一半地：Half the students were late. 有一半学生迟到了。/ Well begun is half done. (谚)头开得好，事成一半。/ He was half asleep. 他半醒半睡。

【短语】by half 一半；极大地，大大地 / by halves 半途而废地，不完全地 / in half 两半

hall[hC:l] n. [C]门厅，过道；大厅，礼堂：The hall will soon be filled with people. 大厅一会儿就会坐满人。

ham[hAm] n. [C,U]火腿：Slice the ham thin. 把火腿切得薄薄的。

hammer[5hAmE] n. [C]锤子v.用锤敲击，反复敲打：Hammer the nail in. 把钉子钉进去。/ He was holding a hammer. 他手里握着一把锤子。

hand[hAnd] n.[C]手；(钟表)指针 v.传递；交付；给：Put up your hand if you know the answer. 若知道答案请举手。

【短语】at hand 在手边，在近处；即将到来 / by hand 用手工(即不是用机器或其他手段)；用专人(即不是通常邮寄等) / give [lend] sb a hand 帮某人一把 / hand in hand手拉手；同时并存 / in hand 手头有；控制，处理，进行 / on hand 在手边(随时可用) / on the one (other) hand 一方面(另一方面) / hand in 交来，交上去(给老师或上级) / hand on 传递给另一个人 / hand out 散发，分发 / hand over 移交，拿给(另一人) / shake hands (with sb) (同某人)握手

handkerchief[5hANkEtFi:f] n.[C]手帕，手绢：a paper handkerchief 纸手巾

【用法】其复数可以是handkerchiefs或handkerchieves，但以前者为多见。

handsome[5hAnsEm]adj.漂亮的，英俊的：He looks handsome in uniform. 他穿制服很英俊。

【用法】主要用于说明男性；若用于女性，则指体态健美、端庄稳重等，即指健美而非貌美；若用于儿童，则指“外貌俊秀”。

hang[hAN]v.绞死，上吊；悬挂，吊着：He hung the picture on the wall. 他把画挂在墙上。/ He was hanged for murder. 他因杀人罪被判绞刑。

【用法】若表示“绞死”，是规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hanged；若表示“悬挂”，为不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为hung。

happen[5hApEn] v.(偶然)发生；碰巧：I won’t tell anybody what happened. 发生的事我谁也不告诉。/ He happened to be out.=It happened that he was out. 他恰好不在家。

【用法】只用作不及物动词，所以不用于被动语态。

happy[5hApI] adj.高兴的，幸福的：They lived a happy life. 他们过着幸福的生活。/ We are happy at [about] his letter. 收到他的来信我们很高兴。/ He is happy over his success. 他对自己的成功感到高兴。/ Are you happy with your life? 你对生活满意吗?

hard[hB:d] adv.努力地；(下雨等)猛烈地 adj.困难的；硬的：You will fail unless you work hard. 如果你不用功，你会不及格。/ It’s raining hard. 正在下大雨。/ The text is hard to understand.=It’s hard to understand the text. 这篇课文很难懂。

hardly[5hB:dlI] adv.几乎，几乎没有：I hardly ever heard him singing. 我几乎从未听他唱过歌。

【用法】1.Hardly…when…是固定句型，意为“一…就”：Hardly had she arrived when it began to rain. 她刚到就下起雨来了。2.若用于句首，其后要用倒装句式：Hardly did he sleep last night. 他昨晚几乎没睡。

hard-working[5hB:dwE:kIN] adj.辛勤的，勤劳的：The Chinese are a hard-working people. 中国人是一个勤劳的民族。

harvest[5hB:vIst] n. [C,U]收割，收获(期)；收成v.收割，收获：It happened that the harvest was bad that year. 恰好那年收成不好。

hat[hAt] n.[C]帽子：Hang your hat on the hook. 把帽子挂在衣钩上。

hate[heIt] v.憎恨；不愿，不喜欢：We hate such people. 我们讨厌这样的人。

【用法】1.后接动词作宾语时，用不定式或动名词均可：Some people hate working [to work] in the early morning. 有些人不爱在清晨工作。但若与would, should连用，则其后只接不定式：I’d hate to spend Christmas alone. 我不喜欢一个人过圣诞节。2.通常只用作及物动词，若后面直接跟if和when引导的状语从句，习惯上先接it：I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 我不喜欢人们嘴里含着饭说话。

have[hAv] v.(had, had)有；吃；喝；进行；经受；使v. aux.(构成完成时态)：Did you have a good holiday? 你假期过得愉快吗? / Have you finished your work? 你完成工作了吗? / I’ll have her post the letter. 我要叫她去寄信。/ He had the light burning all night. 他让灯亮了一整夜。/ We had the machine repaired. 我们请人修理了机器。/ He had his finger cut. 他的手指弄伤了。

he[hi:] pron.他：Is your dog a he or a she? 你的狗是雄的还是雌的?

head[hed] n.[C]头，头部 vi.前进：Use your head. 动脑筋吧。/ Then we headed for home. 然后我们就往家走了。

headache[5hedeIk] n.[C]头疼：I have (got) a bad headache. 我头痛得厉害。

headmaster[hed5mB:stE] n. [C](英)(中小学校)校长：The headmaster has the final say. 校长说了算数。

health[helW] n. [U]健康；卫生：Walking is good for the health. 散步对健康有益。/ They are in good health. 他们身体都很好。

hear[hIE]v.(heard, heard)听，听见；听说；得知：I heard him open the door and enter the room. 我听见他打开门进到屋里。/ I heard that he was ill. 我听说他病了。

【短语】hear about 听说，得知 / hear from从…听来，收到…的来信 / hear of 听说，得知 / hear out 听完(某人的话)

heart[hB:t] n. [C]心(脏)；心地，心肠，感情：She has a kind heart. 她心地善良。/ His heart beat so that he could hardly breathe. 他的心跳得这样厉害，他都喘不过气来了。

【短语】by heart 默记地，记下 / heart and soul 全心全意地，全部心思地，完全地 / lose heart 灰心 / lose one’s heart to 倾心于，爱上

heat[hi:t] n. [U,C]热，热度，高温v. 变热，把…加热：The heat has caused the milk to go sour. 酷热的天气使牛奶酸了。

heaven[5hevEn] n.天空；上帝，神：Heaven knows! 天晓得！/ Good Heavens! (表惊奇)天呀！

heavy[5hevI] adj.重的，大量的，强的：He didn’t come because of the heavy rain. 因为雨大他没有来。/ He is a heavy smoker. 他烟抽得很多。

height[haIt] n. [C,U]高，高度：He was a man of middle height. 他是中等个子。

hello[5helEJ] interj.& n.喂：Hello! How are you? 嘿，你好! / She said hello to me when she saw me. 她见到我时向我打招呼。

help[help] n.[U]帮助 [C]帮手，有益的事物v.帮助；促进：I helped him (to) repair his bike. 我帮他修自行车。/ Please help me with this luggage. 请帮我搬这行李。/ Help yourself to the fruit. 吃点水果吧。

【用法】1.表示“帮助某人做某事”，英语可用help sb (to) do sth，也可用help sb in doing sth。2. can’t help doing sth与can’t help to do sth不同：前者指“禁不住做某事”，后者指“不能帮助做某事”。

her[hE:] pron.她的，她(宾格)：He gave her a kiss. 他吻了她一下。

here[hIE] adv.这儿；在这里；向这里：here and there 到处，各处 / Here you are. 这就是你所要的东西。/ Here I must disagree. 这一点我必须反对。

hero[5hIErEJ] n. (pl.heroes)英雄：He died a hero’s death. 他英勇牺牲。

hers[hE:z] pron.她的：Is this his or hers? 这是他的还是她的?

herself[hE:5self] pron.她自己：She kept herself from laughing. 她忍住没笑。

hi[haI]interj.嘿! 喂(唤起注意，表示惊讶或询问)：Hi there！喂!

hide[haId] v.(hid, hidden)隐蔽，把…藏起来：He is trying to hide the truth. 他想要掩盖真相。/ A fox cannot hide its tail. 狐狸尾巴是藏不住的。

high[haI] adj. 高的；高级的，高等的adv.高：higher education高等教育 / The building is nine stories high. 那座楼有九层高。

hill[hIl] n.[C]小山：The tower is on the top of the hill. 塔位于山顶上。

him[hIm] pron.他(宾格)：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你向他请求，他会帮助你。

himself[hIm5self] pron.他自己：He is not quite himself today. 今天他不太舒服。

hire[haIE] n.&vt.雇用，租用：We hired a car. 我们租了辆汽车。/ This car is for hire. 这辆车是出租的。

his[hIz] pron.他的：Everyone must do his best. 人人都要尽自己力量做。

history[5hIstErI] n.[U]历史(学) [C]一段历史：History repeats itself. (谚)历史往往重演。/ China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。

【用法】1.以下说法通常不用冠词：modern history 近代史 / world history 世界史 / Chinese history 中国史。但下列说法要用定冠词(注意其后有 of短语)：the history of China 中国史 2. 短语in history(历史上)中也不用冠词：It was an important moment in history. 那是历史上的重要时刻。

hit[hIt](hit, hit) v.打，击中；碰撞；到达；袭击，侵袭：Hit the ball hard. 使劲击球。/ He hit her on the nose. 他打了她的鼻子。/ The area was hit by a flash storm. 这一地区受到突如其来的暴风雨的侵袭。

hold[hEJld](held, held) v. 拿，抱，握；举行，进行；容纳；持续，耐久n. (用单数)掌握，把握：He held a knife in his hand. 他手里握着一把刀。/ The room can hold twenty people. 这屋子可容下20个人。/ She holds the same view. 她持有同样的看法。/ Hold the line, please. 请不要挂断电话。

【短语】hold back 阻止；忍住；隐瞒 / hold out 支持，给予，坚持 / hold to 抓紧；坚持 / hold up 竖起；阻碍，延误 / catch (get, seize, take) hold of 抓住 / keep hold of 抓住，紧紧握住

hole[hEJl] n.[C]洞，坑，孔：There is a hole in the wall. 墙上有一个洞。

holiday[5hClEdeI] n. [C]假日，假期：You ought to have a holiday. 你应该休一休假。

【比较】on holiday与on holidays：前者指“度假”、“在休假”，后者指“在假日里”(主要指诸如元旦、国庆等的放假日)：The typist is on holiday this week. 打字员本周休假。/ Travel is very heavy here on holidays. 假日这里的交通很拥挤。

home[hEJm] n. [C,U]家 adj.家庭的，本国的 adv.回家，到家，在家：feel at home 感觉习惯，觉得舒适 / We decided to go home by bus. 我们决定坐公共汽车回家。

homework[5hEJmwE:k] n. [U]家庭作业：do one’s homework 做家庭作业

honest[5RnIst] adj.诚实的，正直的，公正的：Please be more honest about it. 请你更坦白地告诉我。/ It was honest of him to tell us the truth.= He was honest to tell us the truth. 他很诚实，给我们讲了真话。

honour(美honor)[5CnE] n. [C,U]荣誉；尊敬vt.尊敬，给予荣誉：Would you do me the honor of dancing with me?=Would you do me the honor to dance with me? 能请你跳曲舞吗? / We had a party in honour of his birthday. 为了祝贺他的生日我们举行了一个晚会。

hope[hEJp] v.& n.希望：She worked hard in the hope of making money.=She worked hard in hopes of making money. 她努力工作是希望赚钱。

【用法】1.汉语中的“希望某人做某事”，说成英语不能是 hope sb to do sth，但与之意思相近的wish却可以用于该句型。2.I hope后的宾语从句可用一般现在时表将来，也可直接用将来时态：I hope you (will) like it. 希望你会喜欢它。3.用作名词的hope后可接of doing sth作宾语，但不接不定式：He still has the hope of seeing her again. 他还有希望再见到她。

hopeless[5hEJplIs]adj.没有希望的，没有用的，无法可治的：Your work is hopeless and so are you. 你的工作一无是处，你这个人也是如此。

horse[hR:s] n.[C]马：I am learning to ride a horse. 我正在学习骑马。

hospital[5hCspItEl] n. [C,U]医院：The injured were taken to hospital. 受伤的人都送进了医院。

【用法】表示“住院”、“出院”等，在英国英语中不用冠词，但在美国英语中可用冠词：She is ill in (the) hospital. 她生病住院了。

hot[hRt]adj. 热的，热情的：It was very hot here in summer. 这儿夏天炎热。

hot dog[7hRt5dRg] n.[C]热狗(红肠面包)：I want a hot dog. 我想要一节热狗。

hotel [hEJ5tel] n. [C]旅馆，饭店，宾馆，酒店：the Jindi Hotel 金地饭店 / This hotel is the cheapest in town. 这家旅馆是城里最便宜的。

hour[5aJE] n. [C]小时；时刻：He was paid by the hour. 他按钟点领薪。

house[haJs] n.[C]房子：It was a five-storeyed house. 这是一座5层楼房。

housewife[5haJs7waIf] n.[C]家庭主妇：She’s a bad housewife. 她不善于当家庭主妇。

housework[5haJs7wE:k] n.[U]家务劳动，家务活：You should help your mother with the housework. 你应该帮你母亲做家务。

how[haJ] adv.怎样，如何；多少：How is your mother? 你母亲身体好吗?

【短语】how far 多远(距离) / how many 多少(修饰复数可数名词) / how much 多少(修饰不可数名词) / how old 几岁，多大(岁数) / how long 多长，多久 / how often 每隔多久 / how soon 再过多久

however[haJ5evE] adv.无论如何；可是，仍然conj.不管用什么方法：However cold it is，she always goes swimming. 不管天多冷，她都会去游泳。/ However you come, be sure to come early. 不管你怎么来，一定要早来。

huge[hju:dV] adj.巨大的：My family is very large. 我的家庭是个很大的家庭。

hundred[5hQndrEd] num.百：He was paid five hundred dollars. 他们付给了他500美元。

【用法】与具体数字连用时，不用复数形式，但若表示泛指数时，只用复数形式，且通常要有of短语：hundreds of people 数百人

hunger[5hQNgE] n.[U]饥饿，饥荒 [C]渴望，盼望：Hunger reduced him to stealing. 饥饿迫使他偷窃。

hungry[5hQNgrI] adj.饥饿的：We had to go hungry. 我们只好挨饿。

hurry[5hQrI] v.& n.赶紧，急忙：I hurried to the ticket-office. 我赶紧到售票处。

【短语】hurry up 赶紧，快点 / in a hurry 匆忙地

hurt[hE:t]v. (hurt, hurt)使受伤，伤害，疼痛：I won’t hurt you. 我不会伤害你。/ You’ve hurt his feelings. 你伤害了他的感情。

husband[5hQzbEnd] n.[C]丈夫：husband and wife 夫妻

I

I[aI] pron.我：I’m ashamed of what I did. 我对我的行为感到羞愧。

ice[aIs] n. [U]冰 [C]一份冰淇淋：Two ices, please. 来两份冰淇淋。

ice-cream[5aIskri:m] n.[C]冰淇淋：A chocolate ice-cream, please. 请给我一份巧克力冰淇淋。

idea[aI5dIE] n. [C]主意，想法：The idea sounds great. 这主意听起来不错。/ You have no idea (of) how worried I was! 你不知道我有多着急!

【用法】其后习惯上不接不定式作定语，遇此情况可用of doing sth：I hate the idea of moving. 我讨厌搬家。

if[If] conj.如果；是否：Keep your coat on if you feel cold. 如果你感觉冷大衣不要脱。/ He asked if I would show him the way. 他问我是否可以给他带路。

【短语】even if 即使，纵使 / as if 好像，似乎 / if not 如果不是那样的话 / if so 如果是那样的 / if only 只要；但愿，要是…就好了

ill[Il] adj.生病的，不健康的；不好的，有害的：He is ill with a bad cold. 他患重感冒。

【用法】表示“有病的”，一般只用作表语；表示“不好的”，一般只用作定语。

【辨析】ill与sick：见sick。

illness[5Ilnis] n. [C,U]疾病：She was weak after her illness. 她病后很虚弱。

imagine[I5mAdVIn] vt.想像，设想：I can’t imagine what has happened. 我想像不出发生了什么事。

【用法】1.后接动词作宾语，通常用动名词，不用不定式：Can you imagine living without electricity? 你能想象没有电的生活吗? 2.可说 imagine sb (sth) to be，但通常不说 imagine sb (sth) to do(可将不定式改为动名词)：Don’t imagine yourself to be always correct. 不要认为你总是对的。/ Can you imagine John cooking the dinner? 你能想像约翰做饭的情形吗?

immediate[I5mi:djEt] adj.立即的；目前的：He made no immediate answer. 他没有立即回答。/ My immediate problem was to get money. 我当前的问题是找钱。

immediately[I5mi:djEtlI] adv.立即，马上 conj.一…就：I should act immediately. 我应该立即行动。/ I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。

importance[Im5pC:tEns] n.[U]重要性：It’s an invention of great importance. 这是一项非常重要的发明。

important[Im5pR:tEnt] adj.重要的：The book is important to [for] me. 这本书对我很重要。/ It is important (for us) to learn English well. 学好英语 (对我们)很重要。

【用法】在It’s important 后接that从句时，从句谓语通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气：It is important that he (shoud) work hard. 他用功是很重要的。

impossible[Im5pRsEbl] adj.不可能的：It’s impossible (for us) to finish the work in a week. 要(我们)在一周之内完成此工作是不可能的。

【用法】it’s impossible后接that从句时，从句谓语通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气：It is impossible that he (should) go home. 他不可能会回家去。/ It is impossible that he should have gone home. 他不可能回家去了。

improve[Im5prU:v] vt.改进，改善，提高：You can improve your English by reading more. 多看书可以提高你的英语水平。

【注意】1.本身已包含有better的意思，所以不与better连用。2. improve on [upon] 的意思不是“在…有改进”，而是指“对…改进”或“比…更好”：He has never improved on his first book. 他再也没有写出比他的处女作更好的书来。

in [In] prep.在，在…之内(上)，在…期间，从事于，符合，穿着，按照adv.在家；在内，向内：The train will arrive in a few minutes. 火车过几分钟就到。/ The losses were nine in ten. 损失了十之八九。/ You must pay the bill in cash. 你必须用现金付账。/ The woman in white is his wife. 穿白衣的那个女人是他的妻子。/ His life is in danger. 他有生命危险。/ Be careful (in) crossing the street. 过街道要小心。

inch[IntF] n. [C]英寸(1 foot=12 inches)：Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 他会得寸进尺。

include[In5klu:d] vt.包括：His writings include poetry and a novel. 他的作品包括诗歌和一部小说。/ I include him among my friends. 我把他当作朋友。

【用法】1.后接动词作宾语，用动名词形式：Your duties will include putting the children to bed. 你的职责包括照顾孩子就寝。2.注意以下同义句：We all went including me.= We all went me included. 所有人都去了，包括我在内。

income[5InkQm] n. [C,U]收入：He has a five figure income. 他有五位数的收入。

【用法】可受 large, high, small, low 等的修饰，但习惯上不用 much, little。

increase[In5kri:s] v.增加，增多，增大 n. [C,U]增加：The population of the city has increased by 20 per cent. 这座城市的人口增加了20%。

indeed[In5di:d] adv.的确；真正地，确实：I was indeed very glad to hear the news.我听到这消息的确很高兴。

【用法】主要用于受very修饰的形容词或副词后加强语气。有时也用于肯定答语中或感叹句中加强语气。

India[5IndjE] n.印度：India is the home of elephants. 印度是大象的生长地。

Indian[5IndjEn] n.[C]印度人，印第安人adj.印度(人)的，印第安人的：The Indian people remain in deep poverty. 印第安人仍处于极端贫困状态。

industry[5IndEstrI] n.[C,U]工业；勤奋：Trade helps the development of industry. 贸易促进工业的发展。/ He won the prize through industry. 他靠勤奋获奖。

infer[In5fE:] vt.推断：I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet. 我从你信中推断，你还没有下决心。

information[7InfE5meIFEn] n. [U]信息；通知，告知：information desk 问讯处

ink[INk] n.[U]墨水：Please write in ink. 请用钢笔写。

inside[In5saId] n. [C]内部 adv.& prep.在内部；在…里面：There is a label on the inside of the box. 盒子内侧有个标签。

insist[In5sIst] v. 坚持：I insist on your being there. 我坚持要你在那里。

【用法】1.其后不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语，也不能接不定式或动名词作宾语。后接名词时借助介词on，后接动词时要用on doing sth：He insisted on this point. 他坚持这一点。/ He insisted on seeing us home. 他一定要送我们回家。2.后接that从句时，若表示“坚持要”(从句所指内容只是想法，不是事实)，从句谓语用“用should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气；若表示“坚持说”(从句内容不是想法，而是事实)，从句谓语用陈述语气：I insisted that he (should) go. 我一定要他去。/ I insisted (that) he was wrong. 我坚持认为他错了。

instead[In5sted] adv.代替：If you cannot go, let him go instead. 如果你不能去，让他替你去。

【短语】instead of 代替，而不是：Use eggs instead of meat. 用鸡蛋代替肉。

institute[5InstItjU:t] n.[C]学会，协会，学院，(研究)所、院：an institute of foreign languages 外国语学院 / the Women’s Institute 妇女协会

instruction[In5strQkFEn] n.[U]教导，教授 [C]命令，指示 (用复数)说明：Mr Smith gives instruction in English. 史密斯先生教授英语。/ You must obey my instruction. 你必须遵守我的命令。/ Read the instructions on the bottle before you take the medicine. 吃药前先看药瓶上的说明。

interest[5Intrist] n.[C,U]兴趣；利息 [C,常用复]利益 vt.使…感兴趣：They have much [a great] interest in poetry. 他们对诗歌很感兴趣。/ He lent me the money at 5% interest. 他以五分的利息借给我这笔钱。/ Football interests him. 他对足球感兴趣。

【比较】be interested in (doing) sth与be interested to do sth：前者指“对做某事感兴趣”，后者指“很想做某事”：They are interested in learning drawing. 他们对学绘画感兴趣。/ I’d be interested to hear your opinion about this. 我很想听听你对这事的意见。

interesting[5IntrIstIN] adj.有趣的，引起兴趣的：Tell us something interesting. 给我们讲点有趣的事。

international[7IntE(:)5nAFEnEl] adj.国际的：international law 国际法

interrupt[7IntE5rQpt] v.打断，打扰；中断：Don’t interrupt me. 别打断我。/ Rain interrupted our baseball game. 下雨中断了我们的棒球比赛。

into[5IntJ] prep.到…内，向内；变成：Throw it into the fire. 把它扔进火里。/ That woman screamed into my face. 那个女人对我的脸尖叫。/ The dish broke into many pieces. 碟子打成了许多小块。/ He worked far [deep, late] into the night. 他工作到深夜。/ He talked his wife into buying a car. 他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。/ He divided the students into six groups. 他把学生分为6组。

【说明】在口语中，be into 可表示“给迷住”、“对…深感兴趣”：He is into stamp collecting. 他非常喜欢集邮。

introduce[7IntrE5dju:s] vt.介绍，引进：Permit me to introduce myself. 请允许我介绍自己。

【说明】1.不能后接双宾语，要表示给某人介绍他人，应用introduce sb to sb：He introduced his friend to me. 他把朋友介绍给我。2. introduce sb to sth 的意思不是“把某人介绍给某事物”，而是“使某人了解(认识、体验)某事物”：The teacher introduced the students to the pleasure of reading. 老师让学生们尝到了读书的乐趣。

invent[In5vent] vt.发明，创造；捏造，编造：Who invented the television? 电视是谁发明的? / The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。

invite[In5vaIt] vt.邀请，招待：He invited me to dinner. 他邀请我参加宴会。/ They invited her to go for a walk. 他们请她一起去散步。/ He didn’t invite us (to come) in. 他没有请我们进屋。

iron[5aIEn] n.[U]铁 [C]熨斗 v.熨烫：We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。/ She’s ironing his shirt. 她在烫他的衬衫。

island[5aIlEnd] n. [C]岛，岛状物：Hainan is China’s second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛。

it[It]pron.(指事物)它，(当性别不明或被认为不重要时，指动物或人)它，(用作各种无人称动词形式的主语以及用于强调句型等)：It’s a nice watch. 是块漂亮的表。/ It is raining. 正在下雨。/ It’s in this room that he was born. 他就是在这个房间出生的。/ It’s nice to see you again. 又见到你真是太好了。

itself[It5self] pron.它自己，它本身：The work itself is easy. 这工作本身很容易。