酱爆那张我不怕的图片:Fabric - Textile fiber articles

First, the classification of textile fibers
    People used to make clothes, there are two categories of textile fibers, a class of natural fibers, and the other is a chemical fiber.
    Natural fiber and in two ways: one is animal fibers, mainly silk and wool; the other is plant fiber, mainly hemp and cotton.
    There are two kinds of fibers: one is man-made fibers, such as glue, strong, copper ammonia acetate, etc.; the other is synthetic, the so-called "six-lun."

    Second, the identification of textile fibers
    Identification of textile fibers are sensory method, combustion, reagent tests and microscope analysis of several methods.
    (1) is by people sensitive method to distinguish the fiber sensory organ type.If with the naked eye (see its color, texture, gloss, etc.), with shoumo (touch it the texture, thickness
         Etc.), with the ears (to listen to its wire-ming, etc.).
    (2) combustion is drawn from a few fabric weft yarn, with the fire lit, carefully observed to see if it changes when burned.According to the speed of combustion, flame color, distributed by
         Odor, and color of ash after combustion, shape, degree of hard and brittle characteristics can be broadly determine the types of fibers.
Practice is drawn at the seams of clothing under the plume contains warp and weft yarn, cloth, lit the fire to observe the state of flame, smell the burning cloth yarn after odor
    Look combustion residues, and clothing in order to determine the durability of the fabric elements on the label are consistent, to identify the authenticity of material composition.
                                         Fiber burner - to identify fiber types
                Smell of burning ash color and shape conditions
Cotton burns quickly, producing a yellow flame and blue flame burning paper smell the ashes of a small, light gray ash valuables
Ma burning block, producing a yellow flame and burn the grass and smell the ashes of the blue little late kelp-like, pale gray or white
Wool side of the smoke slowly blistering, burning one side there are the ashes of burnt hair smell mostly shiny gray, brittle and fragile ball block
Silk burn slowly, burn burn huddled with dark brown hair and smell the ashes as a pressure on the ball by hand broken
Viscose fiber burn faster, resulting in yellow flame burning paper smell play a little gold, was light-colored or white
Acetate slow burning, melting away after the fire, a pungent acetic acid smell the ashes can be used for the massive black shiny crushed fingers
          Side of the melting side of the combustion
Polyester first rolled burning, melting one side, there are aromatic smell of the ashes of brown beads can be broken by hand twist
          Side of the smoke burning, with gray flames
Hand side of nylon melt slowly burning, burning incense when the smoke smell ashes are light brown celery small hard beads, not easily crush
          Or a little white smoke, a small blue flame
Rapid contraction of burning polyvinyl alcohol fiber, slow-burning smell of the ashes of the fire with special customs brown beads, can be broken by hand twist
          Flame is very small, and there was black smoke red
Acrylic side of the melting side of the slow-burning flame fishy white ash small hard ball for the brown, brittle and fragile
          Bright and strong, sometimes slightly smoky
 
PP side of the kink, the melting side of the flame burning bright, the ashes of the lump meat smell, can crush
 
          Blue
Polyvinyl chloride fiber flame retardant, and contract close to the flame, combustion, the acrid smell of chlorine ashes have irregular black lumps
          Away from the fire goes out
 
    (3) dissolution method: is the use of chemicals (such as acetic acid, benzene, phenol, etc.), in accordance with the physical and chemical properties of fibers, the dissolution, color and other tests, to achieve the purpose of identification.
    (4) microscope analysis: analysis of fiber with a microscope to observe the types of methods.
    Dissolution method and microscope observation instruments need to use drugs, it is appropriate in the laboratory, the general practice in most of the production method and combustion method using the senses, is more convenient.
    Some pure sensory method, such as cotton textiles Sima, as long as some understanding of their properties to be identified.For the blended fabric such as cotton, wool, silk, hemp and other natural fiber and viscose,
    Di, Jin and other chemical fiber mixed fabric, such as cotton, Cotton Polyester blend the good shirts, sticky materials such as Kam gabardine; the blended variety, the difference is big, such as "triple play"
 
   "Four", and other blends, generally difficult to identify.But if we delve into more practical work, or can be identified out of the general.

    Third, the identification of blended fabric
   (1) chemical fiber and cotton blend:
        At present, there are polyester / cotton (cotton is Dacron), rich fiber / cotton, clay / cotton and peacekeeping / cotton cloth.Identify these fabrics can be used to seeing its light
        Degree of color, touch was smooth and very flat, flat and smooth.Rich fiber / cotton and rayon fabrics, bright color, luster and soft feel smooth and silky hand feel, Victoria / cotton fabric is a little color
        Dark, uneven gloss, feel rough and not soft, hand clenched, the quick release, you can see polyester / cotton crease at least, and can quickly return to its original state.The man-made cotton wrinkle up,
        And most obvious, restitution is also slower.
   (2) blended with wool fiber:
        Chemical fiber and wool blended fabrics in comparison with pure wool, pure wool fabric surface is smooth, uniform color, luster and soft, soft and elastic, those of
        Relaxation of no creases, and can naturally restitution.The chemical fiber mixed with wool textiles, viscose artificial wool and wool blended fabrics, dark glossy, thin fabric fancy
        To a cotton feel, feel soft, but not stiff, clenched, then relax, have a more obvious crease.
   (3) identification of chemical fiber silk goods:
        Chemical fiber silk become increasingly popular.The more common market viscose rayon, nylon filament yarn and polyester filament, and several other varieties.In addition to pure spin them, the
        Also be interwoven with the silk, in appearance, soft sheen of silk goods, even, though bright but not dazzling, Shoumo sense of fabric are difficult, and chemical fiber silk are no such sense of
        Sleep.Rayon has a bright luster, but not as good as silk is soft, smooth feel heavy, but not stiff.Poor gloss polyester filament, the surface seems to be a layer of wax in
        Feel, feel stiff not soft, quick release, and when his hands clenched, silk and polyester without Zhehen good elasticity, and difficult to restitution, although there are Zhehen nylon yarn, but still capable of
        Slowly restitution.
    Identification of fiber types of fabric, the simplest method is to be withdrawn from the fabric a few fiber, filament or staple fiber look is.If the filament, the wire can be used wet tongue, if wet
Department easily pulled off, that is, viscose filament, such as the place is not pulled off the wet is silk.If the fiber strength in the wet and dry conditions are good, can not easily pulled off the
Energy is chemical fiber, polyester or cotton yarn that is.  【Article is excerpted from: Baidu Encyclopedia】
【Network reprint / Just reference】
【Translation is by Goolge】