针织毛衣是什么面料:全世界都说中国要超过美国

正文
评论(38)
更多观点的文章 »
投稿
打印
转发
    中文
字体
Andrew Kohut
In the past decade, anti-Americanism grew around the world. This was in response to concerns about the unchecked global power of the U.S., when it invaded Iraq in the face of very wide international opposition. In sharp contrast, today America is seen as on its way to losing its status as the dominant global superpower.
A new Pew Global Attitudes survey released today finds that while the U.S. is better regarded around the world now than it was in the Bush years, in 15 of 22 nations surveyed most say that China either will replace or already has replaced America as the world's 'leading superpower.' This view is especially widespread in Western Europe, where at least six in 10 respondents in Britain, France, Germany and Spain see China eventually overtaking the U.S.
The emerging perception of China's superpower status no doubt reflects global recognition of its growing economic might, and the fact that the U.S. is increasingly seen as trailing China economically. Nowhere is this more evident than in Western Europe, where the percentage naming China as the world's 'leading economic power' has increased markedly over the past two years, along with the view that it will ultimately eclipse the U.S. as global superpower.
In Britain, for example, the share saying that China is now No. 1 economically jumped to 47%, up from 34% in 2009. Over that same period, the percentage of Brits who think that China will eventually replace the U.S. as global superpower climbed to 65%, from 49%. These percentages parallel trends in Germany, Spain and France.
But not many are cheering. Unlike just a few years ago, when the publics of America's oldest allies rued America's power, they are now alarmed by its diminishing economic might. Among the pluralities who now see China as more economically powerful than the U.S., most view this as a bad thing -- and by a 2-to-1 margin in France, Germany and Spain, for example.
In Latin America, Japan, Turkey and Eastern Europe, people are less convinced that China has passed the U.S. economically. Notably, 68% in Turkey, 55% in Japan, and 53% in Brazil continue to think the U.S. is the leading economic power.
In the Middle East and Pakistan, our surveys have consistently found that anti-Americanism remains the prevailing point of view, and the perception that the U.S. has fallen behind China is less prevalent than in Western Europe. But where it exists, it is welcomed.
Outside the Muslim countries, however, there is a general consensus that it would be bad if China were to rival the U.S. militarily. Eight in 10 Western Europeans subscribe to this view, and even majorities of Russians (57%) and Turks (54%) would disapprove of this development.
The American people, suffering through a weaker-than-expected recovery from the recession, are less upbeat about the state of the nation than they were a decade ago. And they are clearly troubled about America's place in the world relative to China.
Americans are evenly divided as to whether China eventually will replace the U.S. as global superpower -- 46% think it will, 45% think not, and by a small margin more name China (43%) than the U.S. (38%) as the leading economic power.
Most Americans who do see China overtaking the U.S. economically view the prospect with some alarm, as a 'bad thing.' But overall, 51% of Americans continue to hold a 'favorable view' of China. American angst is more focused on the U.S. faltering rather than on China's success. An NBC/Wall Street Journal poll in January, for example, found a 54%-majority describing the U.S. as in a state of decline.
While popular views of China's economic clout may be overstated both at home and abroad, this perception represents a new challenge to the image of the U.S. Concerns about American power in the last decade have been supplanted by the view that American vitality is on the wane. This notion may turn out to be every bit as difficult to deal with domestically and globally as was the earlier view that U.S. power needed to be curtailed.