:穆斯林妇女的服饰

 Piya, Roop Kumar Rathod

                           认识和尊重 

Hijab 头巾，用来遮盖妇女头发的，伊斯兰社会认为女性头发会引起遐想。

Niqab 面纱，有些伊斯兰国家要求妇女把脸部也遮挡起来,只露眼睛。

Burqa  在网上的阿拉伯网站多番求证，发现Burqa 是面罩也是罩袍，反正都是用于把脸部掩盖的衣料。

a. 面罩  raymay认为这是一种装饰多于遮掩工具，当整个人给袍子包着，剩下可以妆扮的只有小小的脸部，那有女性会错过这个机会。作为面罩的Burqa是要把眉毛,鼻孔和上唇遮盖，连接 burqa上下两部分是一条线，恰恰在鼻子的中央，平分面部左右。在阿联酋，这面罩叫burqa,naqba,baqara,maqrun，在一些海湾国家叫al-butulah al-khaleejia。

            面罩店

(Since old days Burqa is a very important peice of khaleeji folklore dress. The usual color is black. Women women wear it over their faces given the impression of a mask. The purpose for wearing burqa is to hide face and show pride and high morality of women. Also burqa has been worn with purpose of embellishment. Burqa also can be found in other arab counties but different in shapes and names. In UAE this cover is called burqa,naqba,baqara,maqrun and in some other Gulf countries it is called al-butulah al-khaleejia. 

Parents put burqas on their daughters as soon as girls reach adult. And since a girl begins to wear burqa she is not allowed to go alone outside her house.

Burqas are also differ in shapes according to who wears it woman or girl. The difference is in its features that show status ot the woman is she young,adult,married or not. Burqa partly cover woman face the top of it must cover eyebrows and lower arch covers nostrils with upper lip while central vertical string should be exactly in the middle of her nose. From age 10 - 12 girls wear straight shape burqas but accessoried with a nice tracery that is usualy worn for fests. Girls are so excited to get their first burqa that once they get it they even sleep in it. In the morning a girl can find her face whiter then usual but after she put some kurkum on her face that gives a very nice color.)

b. 罩袍（英文：Burqa、burka 、burqua），也有译作波卡、布嘎，是阿拉伯国家、及一些伊斯兰国家里最保守的女性传统服饰，也是多数这些国家的规定（塔里班在阿富汗的指定服饰）。穿上它后，妇女从头到脚就被包裹得严严实实，只能透过眼前一小块网纱看外面的世界。罩袍是宽松的黑色拖地大外套，但罩袍因各国不同的习俗而有不同的风格、款式、颜色、剪裁和穿法。但受到西方服饰潮流的影响，阿拉伯妇女的罩袍也随时装流行而有所改变，不再只是块简单的黑布而已。

                塔里班在阿富汗的指定服饰

            伊朗、阿富汗的传统服“Chador”


罩袍的颜色
传统的罩袍纯黑是主流，其次为深蓝、咖啡、浅紫等暗色系列，另一是双层布料，外层薄纱以黑色为主，但里层的颜色可有红、黄、白、橘等，另有金色、银色、大红色罩袍，只是在结婚等盛宴时才穿。阿拉伯妇女可以选择喜欢的颜色或考量出席场合的氛围而作出选择。

                  

剪裁样式
有一件式套头，有大衣款式开前扣或暗扣，或者在正面加一片内里，另有连帽子一起设计。罩袍穿在最外层，所以大多以直线、宽松、略长的剪裁为合适。不同前裁代表不同的身份（年龄，已/未婚），但随着时代的变迁，逐渐涌现出了合贴、有腰身的罩袍，多为年轻、时髦女士们所青睐。
                 

何时可以不穿罩袍
阿拉伯妇女也有不穿罩袍的时候。一是在家里，穿居家便服，但若有男性亲属在场时，仍须戴头巾；一是在女性的聚会场合中（不可有任何一位男性），才可以脱下罩袍头巾，坦露面容。此时她们可以秀出美貌、身材、各色服装、首饰或穿上晚礼服，不管是无肩露胸或露背及腰，加上彩妆发型。 但在一般有男士的公共场合，女士们几乎是黑罩袍从头覆盖到脚。 一般未成年少女则可不必穿上“罩袍”。

              
               伊朗 - 有男客人在场.面罩放下

               当没有男人在场,可掀起面罩

                 仔细分类的伊斯兰服饰：

                    Abaya,Al-Amira,Boshiya,Burqa,Chador,Niqab,Dupatta(Shayla),

                    Hijab,Jilbab,Khimar,Paranji,Yashmak,Tudong, Al-Khaleejia.

                 图片中，小人身上的黑色部分，就是该款式遮盖的范围。
 

Big hijab don'ts 伊斯兰头巾的禁忌

  DON'T FORGET TO WEAR SOMETHING UNDER YOUR ABAYA在罩袍里面多穿一层

DON'T WEAR SKIN TIGHT CLOTHING
不要穿紧身衣服

DON'T SMOKE IN PUBLIC
不要在公众场合抽烟
 DON'T WEAR SOMETHING THAT ACCENTUATES YOUR BREASTS衣服剪裁不可凸显身段               DON'T GET CONFUSED OVER WHAT YOU ARE REPRESENTING
在伊斯兰的衣饰里，不要挂上其他宗教

DON'T GO AFTER A PUNK ROCK LOOK IF IT MEANS SACRIFICING YOUR MODESTY.不要与时尚带上关系

DON'T EXPOSE WHAT YOU ARE MEANT TO HIDE
不要显露你本来要掩盖的
   DON'T PUT SO MUCH MAKEUP ON THAT YOU END UP LOOKING LIKE A DRAG QUEEN
过分浓妆看来像个俗女

DON'T WEAR IMMODEST DRESSES LIKE THIS AND THEN TRY TO HIJABIFY THEM - IT WONT WORK.不要穿亏张服装 - 与伊斯兰的谦逊背道而驰

DON'T LET YOUR HAIR HANG OUT LIKE ITS ON HOLIDAY IN MEXICO
不要露出把头发，耳朵
  DON'T OVER PLUCK YOUR EYEBROWS INTO WEIRD SHAPES AND DESTROY YOUR FACE
过分修饰的眼妆破坏脸蛋

 IN SUMMARY.....总结：伊斯兰的服饰不单遮掩头发、耳朵，剪裁宽松，主要是让女性表现谦逊、低调。