黑暗扎基 银河:七年级英语语法复习大全

1. 形容词的用法

　　形容词用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语，用于限定被修饰语的特征，如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等，。 

　　The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。 

　　--I want that one. 我想要那个。 

　　--Which one? 哪一个?

　　--The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。

　　Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗?

2、人称代词

　　是用来表示人的代词，有单数和负数之分，有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，是作动词或介词的宾语。

　　主格：I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语

　　宾格：me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语

　　He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。

　　Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?

3、可数名词和不可数名词

　　英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。

　　(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如：a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens

　　(2)不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰，但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配，这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的，有单数形式，也可以有复数形式。如：some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water

4、祈使句

　　祈使句用来表示请求、命令等，句中没有主语，肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成，否定形式则在句前加Don’t.

　Stand up, please. 请起立。

　　Don’t worry. 别担心。

　　can的用法：

　　can是情态动词，表示“能，会，可以，被允许等”，其后接动词原形，否定形式为cannot，可缩写为can’t.

　　She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。

　　I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。

　　Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗?

5、现在进行时态

　　概念：表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作，也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。

　　结构：由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成，其中be动词要与主语保持性数一致。

　　Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。

　　--What are you doing now?　你现在在干什么?

　　--I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。

　　Are they drawing the pictures now?　他们正在画画吗?

动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的，规则变化如下：

　　动词ing形式叫动词现在分词，其构成如下：

　　1) 直接在动词后加ing

　　play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing

　　2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing

　　make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking

　　3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个辅音字母，再加ing

　　run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming

　　注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态，主要看句子的时间状语，一般说来，每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此，这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now，只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。

　　She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。

　　Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。

　　--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗?

--Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?

6、have/ has的用法

　　1) 谓语动词have表示“有”，有两种形式：have和has，前者用于第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they)，后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。

　　I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果，他有两个香蕉。

　　You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。

　　It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。

　　Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。

　　2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较：两者都表示“有”，但用法不同。前者表示所属关系，即表示“某人或某物有什么”，而后者表示存在，表示“某地有什么”。

　　They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。

　　There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。

　　She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。

　　There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。

　　3) have/ has的否定句，一般要加助动词do/ does，再加not构成，即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)

　　. She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。

　　We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。

　　Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。

　　4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成，回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t.

　　--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?

　　--No, they don’t. 不，他们的房子不大。

　　--Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?

　　--Yes, he does. 他有的。

　　5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。

　　What do they have? 他们有什么?

　　What does he have? 他有什么?

　　How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?

7、介词用法

　　1) 具体时间前介词用at。

　　. He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。

　　She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。

　　2) 表示“在早上，在下午，在晚上”的短语中用介词in，且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午，在夜里”的短语中介词用at，不加冠词。

　　in the morning在早上，in the afternoon 在下午，in the evening 在晚上

　　at noon在中午，at night在夜里

　　3) 表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。

　　What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?

　　Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗?

　　He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。

　　Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日，家长们带着孩子去公园。

　　4) 在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词，也不用冠词。

　　What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么?

　　He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。

　　She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。

8、一般现在时

　　一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或表示现在的特征或状态。

　　其动词形式是：动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外，要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does

　　1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示

　　They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。

　　I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。

　　2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示

　　We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。

　　I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。

　　3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首，后面动词用原形。回答时，肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。

　　–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?

　　--Yes, they do.

　　--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗?

　　--No, I don’t. 不，我不喜欢。

一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与以下的时间状语连用：often 经常，always 总是，sometimes 有时，usually 通常，every day/ week 每天/ 周等。

　　He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。

　　I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。

　　She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。

　　My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。

　　It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。

　　主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时

　　一般现在时态，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要是第三人称单数，后要加-s或-es。

　　He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。

　　She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。

　　The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。

　　转换成否定句要加doesn’t，其后的动词用原形。

　　Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。

　　He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。

　　转换成一般疑问句，句首用Does，其后的动词用原形。

　　Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗?

　　Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?

                                                                               2010年7月25日

agree with sb      同意某人的看法

agree on sth       同意某事

arrive at/in sp    到达某地

ask sb to do sth   叫某人做某事

ask sb not to do sth     叫某人不要做某事

be busy doing/with sth   忙于做某事

be strict in sth    对某事要求严格

be strict with sb   对某人要求严格

decide to do sth    决定做某事

dislike doing sth   不喜欢做某事

enjoy doing sth     喜欢做某事

find sb do/doing sth    发现某人做某事

finish doing sth        完成某事

give sb sth             给某人某物

give sth to sb          给某人某物

have fun doing sth      做…很有趣

help sb with sth        帮助某人某事

help sb (to) do sth     帮助某人做某事

it’s time for sth      该做某事了

it’s time for sb to do sth    该某人做某事了

it’s time to do sth    该做某事了

like doing/to do sth    喜欢做某事

make sb do sth          让某人做某事

mind (sb) doing sth     介意（某人）做某事

pass sb sth             把某物递给某人

pass sth to sb          把某物递给某人

practice doing sth      练习做某事

remember doing sth      记得做过某事

remember to do sth      记得要做某事

see sb do/doing sth     看见某人做某事

show sb sth             给某人看某物

show sth to sb          给某人看某物

spend…(in) doing sth   花费…做某事

spend…on sth           花费…在某物上

start doing sth         开始做某事

start to do sth         开始做某事

stop doing sth          停止做某事

stop to do sth          停下来再做某事

talk about sth          谈论某事

talk to/with sb         与某人交谈

tell sb about sth       告诉某人关于某事

tell sb to do sth       告诉某人做某事

tell sb not to do sth   告诉某人不要做某事

want sth                想要某物

want to do sth          想要做某事

want sb to do sth       想要某人做某事

watch sb do/doing sth   看见某人做某事

wish to do sth          希望做某事

would like to do sth    想要做某事

Unit7 What does he look like?

一．短语

1 look like 看起来像....

2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直发

3 medium height/build 中等高度／身体

4 a little bit 一点儿…

5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手

6 have a new look 呈现新面貌

7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物

8 the captain of the basketball team　篮球队队长

9 be popular with sb 为---所喜爱

10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事

11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情

12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事

13 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事

14 remember ( forget) to do sth 记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的）

15 remember (forget) doing sth 记得（忘记）做过某事（已做）

16 one of --- ---中的一个

二．本单元的重点句：

1 Is that your friend? No, it isn’t.

2 What does she look like?

3 I think I know her. ( I don’t think I know her.)

4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team.

5 She’s a little bit quiet.

6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes.

7 She never stops talking.

8 She likes reading and playing chess.

9 I don’t think he’s so great.

10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me.

11 Now he has a new look.

三．重难点解析

1 What does/ do +主语 + look like? 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？

Eg: What does your friend look like?

2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。

Eg: She has long curly black hair.

3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。

Eg: One of his friends is a worker.

4 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面．

Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.

5．He is …(通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)

He has…（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）

He wears…（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）

6．I don’t think…的用法表达否定的看法　I don’t think she is good-looking.

回答人的补充   2011-02-08 01:15

Unit 8 I＇d like some noodles

一． 短语

1．　beef and tomato noodles＼noodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面

chicken and cabbage noodles　mutton and potato noodles

tomato and egg noodles　beef and carrot noodles

2．would like to do sth want to do sth 想要作某事

3．what kind of noodles什么种类的面条

4．what size bowl of noodles什么大小碗型的面

5．a large＼mediumsmall bowl of noodles 大＼中＼小碗的面

6．ice cream　冰淇淋　orange juice桔汁　green tea绿茶　RMB人民币phone number

7． House of Dumplings＼noodles饺子＼面馆　Dessert House甜点屋

二．重点句型

1． What kind of vegetablesmeat drink food would you like?　

I’d like ……

I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles.

2. What kind of noodles would you like?

I’d like beef noodles.

3. What kind of noodles would you like?

I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles.

4. What size bowl plate of noodles would you like?

I’d like a large medium small bowl moodes.

5. What size cake would you like?

I would like asmall birthday-cake.

三．重难点解析

1．　would like 想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want.

would like + 名词　would like an apple (want an apple)

would like to do sth

He would like to play soccer.

----Would you like to see the dolphins?

----Yes, I’d like to.

（1）would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为’d, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？）

我想要些牛肉。 I’d like some beef.

她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能变否定句和疑问句吗？）

（2) Would you like sth.? 是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.

肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK.

其否定回答是：No, thanks.

2． What kind of noodles would you like?

kind 在此句中作“种类”讲，a kind of 一种，all kinds of 各种各样的。kind of 有几分

A cat is a kind of animal.

There are all kinds of animals in the zoo

The cat is kind of smart.

3．　Can I help you?你要买什么

肯定　Yes, please . I would like …… 否定　No, thanks.

回答人的补充   2011-02-08 01:22

Unit 9 How was your weekend

一．短语

1. play +运动 play soccer play tennis play sports

play the + 乐器　play the guitar

play with…和某人＼物玩耍

2．have +三餐　have breakfast lunch supper

3. study for… clean the room visit sb stay at home

have a party　talk show

4．go to the beach go to the movies go for a walk go to the mountains

5．go shoppingdo some shopping go to the shop 买东西

6．last weekend＼over the weekend 上周末　on weekends 每周末

7．on +某日＋morningafternoonevening in + morningafternoonevening　

in+年＼月＼季节　at +时刻　last (next) month＼yearweek

8．what about＋nv-ingpren=how about ……呢

9. spend the weekend last week 度过上周的周末

10．it’s time to do sth＝it’s time for sth 该做么的时候了

11．look for　寻找．．．．．

二，重点句型和语法

1．一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与

过去的时间状语连用:

yesterday ,last week(month,year)

（1）系动词be的过去时: am(is) →was, are →were

陈述句：He was at home yesterday.

否定句：He wasn’t at home yesterday.

疑问句：Was he at home yesterday?

Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn’t.

（2）行为动词的一般过去时:

陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它

I go to the movie. →I went to the movie.

否定句：主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其它

I don’t go to school today. →I didn’t go to school.

一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它

Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast?

Yes,I do./No,I don’t. Yes,I did./No,I didn’t.

（3）规则动词的过去式变化规则

变化规则 例词

一般在词尾加—ed. play→played

以不发音的e结尾的，只加--d. like →liked

love →loved

以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i ,再加—ed. study →studied

carry →carried

以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop →stopped

plan →planned

动词不规则变化：

do →did have →had go →went

see →saw read →read get →got

give →gave sleep →slept eat →ate

write →wrote find_---found

2. what’s the date today? It’s …

3. What was the date yesterday? It was…

4. What’s the weather like today? It’s …?

5. How was your weekend?

6．What did she do ? She did her homework

7．What did he do last weekend ? He played soccer．

8．It’s time to go home= It’s time for home

回答人的补充   2011-02-08 01:24

Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation?

.

.decide to do sth　

all day

二．重点句子和注意事项

1．Where did you go on vacation? I went to summer camp.

Where did they go on vacation? They went to New York City.

Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.

Where did she go on vacation? She visited her uncle.

2． Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?

Yes, I/he/she/they did.

No, I/he/she/they didn’t.

3． How were the movies? They were fantastic

4． have fun doing something　干某事有乐趣

＝　enjoy oneself doing something

We have fun learning and speaking English .

We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .

我们学英语有很多乐趣　．

5． find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事　find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事

I find him reading the novel (小说）.

I found him go into the room .

6． corner　角落，角，拐角处

in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）

at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）

My bike is at the corner .

7． be lost 迷路了＝get lost , lost (adj.)

The girl was lost in the big city .

8． help sb. (to) do sth.＝help sb for sth 帮助某人干某事

He always helps us learn English

9. make sb. do sth. 让／使某人干某事 let / have sb. do sth. do前不带to

The movie makes me relaxing.

Let the boy do his homework alone.

10. feel+ adj. 感到．．．

I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited

11. decide to do sth. 决定干某事

They decided to go to Hainan on vacation.

回答人的补充   2011-02-08 01:24

Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?

一． 词组

1．TV shows（电视节目）

soap opera sitcom a comedy an action movie a documentary　a thriller cartoon　Beijing Opera

Animal World　Tell it like it is　Law Today　game show

CCTV News　News in 30 Minutes　Man and Nature

Chinese Cooking　Around China　talk show Lucky 52

Sports news　sports show Culture China　

2． write an article for the school magazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章

3． a thirteen - year - old boy.一个十三岁的男孩

4． wear colorful clothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服

5． interview sb. 采访某人　in fact. 实际上

6. wear scarves. 戴着围巾　think of 想起，考虑到

二．重点句型

1. What do you think of soap operas? I can't stand them.

2. What do you think of sports shows? I don't mind them.

3. What does she think of "Hilltop High"? She doesn't like it.

4. What does Tony think of Tommy? He likes him.

5. What do they think of Amanda? They love her.

三．重难点解析

1. wear (v. 动词) "穿，戴，佩"。根据不同宾语，翻译不同的汉语意思。

wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表

wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发

2. think "想，考虑，思索"（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。

A：think of "考虑"；"有...的看法"，有时等于think about.

What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？

My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。

think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高

Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高。

B：think about "考虑"（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）

He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。

3. too与either的区别

too"也"，表示肯定意义，与肯定的表达方法连用；而either"也不"，表示否定意义，与否定的表达方法连用。

（1）—My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。—I do, too.我也是（喜欢）。

（2）—My brother doesn't like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。—I don't, either.

我也不喜欢。

also也可以表示"也"，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在动词之前。

We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。

4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩

此结构中，year用单数形式，且用连字符，这种结构用作定语。

a five - month - old baby 一个五个月大的婴儿

5. enjoy (v. 喜爱，享受)

enjoy后面接名词、代词或动名词，注意与like/ love用法的区别。like/ love还可以接动词不定式（to do）。

I enjoy the soap operas.我喜爱肥皂剧。

I enjoy watching the soap operas.我喜爱看肥皂剧。

但我们不能说：I enjoy to watch the soap operas.

只能说：I like / love to watch the soap operas.

6. mind 表示"介意，反对"的意思时，通常用在疑问句、否定句中。

Would you mind opening the window?请你打开窗子好不好？

He doesn't mind the cold weather at all.他一点都不在乎寒冷的天气。

多用于以下句型：（表示请求或征求意见）后接动名词/名词/代词。

Would you mind (doing) ...?Do you mind (doing) ...?

7. stand 表示忍受（多用于否定句、疑问句）

He can't stand the hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气。

Can you stand the pain?你忍受得了疼吗？

9. What do you think of ...? 你认为...怎么样？（谈论对某事物的喜好程度）可选择的回答有：

（1）I like it.

（2）I don't mind it.

（3）I don't like it.

（4）I can't stand it.

（5）I like it very much.

（6）I love it.

（7）It's beautiful.

（8）They're fantastic

回答人的补充   2011-02-08 01:26

Unit 12 Don't eat in class.

一．短语

1. in class 在课上　2. on school nights 在上学的晚上　3. school rules 校规

4. no talking 禁止交谈　5. listen to music 听音乐　6. have to 不得不

7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去散步　8. eat outside 在外面吃饭 9. in the hallway 在走廊上　10. wear a uniform 穿制服　11. arrive late for class 上学迟到　12. after school 放学后　17. be in bed 在床上　13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它　14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里 15. meet my friends 和我朋友见面　16. by ten o'clock.十点之前　18. the Children's Palace 少年宫　19. help my mom make dinner 帮助我妈做饭

二．重点句型

1.Don’t arrive late for school＝Don’t be late for school

2.Don’t fight ＝

3.Don’t listen to music in the classroom.

4.Don’t run in the hallways

5.Don’t smoke. It’s bad for your health.

6.Don’t play cards in school

7.Don’t talk in class

8.Don’t watch TV on school nights.

9.Don’t sleep in class.

10.Don’t play sports in the classrooms.

11.Don’t sing songs at night.

12.Don’t talk when you eat.

13.Don’t wear hats in class.

14.Do homework by 10:00.

15.Clean your house!

16.Make the bed.

17.Can we ……? Yes ,we can. No, we can’t.

Eg:Can we arrive late for class ?

No, we can’t. We can’t arrive late for class.

18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don’t.

三． 重难点解析：

1. 情态动词have to 的用法，意思是"必须、不得不"，它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威。（1）结构：主语＋have to＋动词原形＋其他

（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用has to；句子是过去时，用had to.）如：　We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上，我们必须穿运动鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必须练习弹吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5点起床。　

（2）否定形式：主语＋don't have to＋动词原形＋其他

（一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时，用doesn't have to. 句子是过去时，用didn't have to）

如：Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do our homework at once. 我们不必马上完成作业。

（3）疑问句：Do （Does或Did）＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他

如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends? 周末你必须呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

是的，我必须。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night? 昨晚，他不得不11点前上床睡觉吗？

2. 情态动词can的用法

（1）表示能力，"会""能"（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）

Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。

（2）表示允许、许可，"可以"、"能"（在这一课中新学的词义）

Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西。Can I come in? 我能进来吗？

注意 同样是情态动词，can 和have to 的用法是有区别的，和大部分情态动词一样，can在否定句中，直接在can后加上not，在疑问句中，把can放到主语前面，并且没有人称和数的变化。

3. hear，listen和sound都有"听"的意思，但三者是有区别的。

（1）hear"听说"，侧重于"听"的内容

I'm sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了，我很难过。

I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。

（2）listen"听"侧重于"听"这一动作。Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。

The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。

（3）sound"听起来"，它是系动词，后面接形容词等。That sounds great. 那听起来真不错。

It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。

４. be in bed "在床上、卧床"in 和bed之间不能用冠词，bed也不用复数。

He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床10年了。Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚必须很早睡觉。

５. arrive late for 与be late for 意思相近，"迟到"Don't arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到。I arrived （was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。

６. No talking ! "禁止交谈！"no后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事。与don't +do的用法相似。No wet umbrellas! / Don't put wet umbrellas here! 禁止放湿雨伞！

No food! Don't eat food here! 禁止吃食物！No smoking! Don't smoke here! 禁止吸烟！

7．语法（祈使句）

祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子，这类句子的主语常是第二人称you，也就是听话者，因而you常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。

如：Look out! 小心！Wait here for me! 在这等我！

Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里！

祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成don't）开头，再加上动词原形。

Don't arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。

Don't fight! 别打架！

Don't look out of the window. 不要向窗外看

初中英语词组总结 

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 

2 （比较级 and 比较级） 表示越来越怎么样 

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易） 4 agree with sb 赞成某人 

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界 

7 along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…（直接接想要的东西） eg : ask you for my book 

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg：I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen 

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初；……的开始 

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末尾 eg : At the end of the day 

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 

eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test 

18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时 

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing 

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing 

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕…… eg : I'm afraed to go out at night I'm afraid of dog 

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 

eg: I'm allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视 

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don't be angry with me 

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气 

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高 

26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 远离 28 be away from 从……离开 

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好 

30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于…… 

32 be careful 当心；小心 33 be different from…… 和什么不一样 

34 be famous for 以……著名 35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 

36 be from = come from 来自 eg ：He is from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come from Bejing ? 

37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 

38 be glad+to+do/从句 39 be going to + v(原） 将来时 

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于…… 

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good for your English 

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事 

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 

eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 

Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处 

44 be in good health 身体健康 

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble 

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣 

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到 

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother 

49 be mad at 生某人的气 

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料) 52 be not sure 表不确定 

53 be on a visit to 参观 54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎 

55 be quiet 安静 56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 

57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 

59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to trouble you 

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He's strict in obeying noles 

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are not strict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格 

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 

65 be sure 表确定 66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well 

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher 我相信我的大脑（老师） 

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试 

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语 

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕…… 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 

72 be the same as … 和什么一样 73 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 

eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉 

74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句 

76 because+句子 because of +短语 

eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事 start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么 

eg : Let's begin the game with the song I begin to go home 

78 between…and… 两者之间 

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借…… lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西 

eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen 

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同 

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth 

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站 

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了 

He's bothering me to lend him money 

82 by the end of 到……为止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 

84 care 关心 eg : Don't you care about this country's future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来 

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地 

87 come in 进88 come over to 过来 

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea 你能想出一个好办法吗？ 

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流 

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州？ 

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞 

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查 95 do better in 在……方面做得更好 

96 do wrong 做错 97 Don't forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意…… 

99 each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜欢 102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: The prisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来 103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来 105 fall in love with sb /sth 爱上什么 

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home 107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样 

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名词） 

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人 111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to go home I forget closing door 112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: From me for her 

113 get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了） 

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了） 

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 与某人相处得好 

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处 117 get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for math I am ready for math 118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻119 get sb to do sth 

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物 121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall 

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物 123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳 

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事 125 go out away from go out of 

126 go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学） 127 good way to 好方法 

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事 

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会 130 have a talk 听报告 谈一谈 

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since 

132 have been to …( 地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方） 去了某地还没回来 

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做 

eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做 

135 have to do sth 必须做某事 

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦 

137 have…time +doing 

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假 

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事 

140 help a lot 很大用处 

141 help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事 

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法 

145 if : 是否＝wether 

eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会 

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达 

146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句 

eg: I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州 

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的 

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国 

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为 

148 in some ways 在某些方面 

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后 

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 东 ） 

151 in the sun 在太阳下 

152 increase 增加 

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3% 

the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now 

153 instead of +（名 ） 代替 

eg: I'd like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子 

I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学 

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍 

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间 

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样 

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样 

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样 

160 It's +adj(for sb) to do（对某人来说） 做某事怎么样 It's +adj of sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样 

eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English 

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意 

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important to me 

163 It's time to do sth It's time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 

eg : It's time to have class It's time for class 该去上课了 

164 join = take part in 参加 

165 just now 刚才 

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语 让什么保持什么样？ 

167 keep out 不让 …… 进入 

168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康 

169 key to +名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案 

170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙 

171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others We langhed at the joke 

172 learn by oneslfe 自学 

173 learn from sb 向某人学习 eg: We should learn from Lei Feng 

174 learn to do sth 学做某事 

175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事 

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望 

177 live from :离某地远 

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan 

179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看 

180 lose one's way 谁 迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路 

181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 

183 make it early 把时间定的早一点 

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相 

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 

186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么样 eg : You must made your bed clean 

187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样 

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写 

189 make up be made up of (被动语态）由……组成 

190 make…difference to… 

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么 

192 most +名 most of +代 

193 much too +形容词 194 must be 一定 195 need +名词 

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (实义动词） need do (情态动词） 

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 

199 no +名词 

200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry any more He cried no more 他再也不哭201 not… (形 、副）at all eg: He's not tall at all she doesn't junp far at all 

202 not…at all 一点都不 

203 not…either 表否定，也不 eg : I don't japanse either I don't have sister, either 我也没有姐姐 

204 not…until 直到……才…… 

eg: I didn't sleep until my mother came back The child didn't stop crying until I give her sugar 

205 offer / provide sb with sth 给某人提供 

206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么东西给某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我给你提供水 

207 on one's way to… 在谁去那的路上 

208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 

209 on the phone = over the phone 用电话交谈 

210 on time 准时 in time 及时 

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday 一天，有一天 

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式 

213 one to another 一个到另一个 

214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 

215 part-time job 兼职工作 fall-time job 全职工作 

216 pay for… 付……钱 pay the bill 开钱 ，付钱 

217 please +do 

218 please help yourself 

219 pleased with sb 

220 pool into = pore into 

221 practice +doing 练习做某事 

222 prefer sth to sth 相对……更喜欢…… eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理 

prefer doing to sth 更喜欢去做…不愿意去做… eg: He prefers riding a bike to diving 他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车 

prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿做…也不愿 

eg: My unde prefers to buy a now car rather than repaiv the used one 我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车 

prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意… eg: I prefer her not to come 我不喜欢她不来 

223 pretend to do sth 装着去做什么 pretend that 从句 

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 这两个骗子装着努力工作 

He pretended that he did not know the answer 他装着不知道答案 

224 rather…than 宁可……也不…… 

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯当医生，也不当老师 

He likes dogs rather than cats 他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫 

225 regard…as 把……当作…… 

eg: Please give my best regards to your family 请带我向你的家人我最好的问候 

I regard you as my friend 我把你当作我的朋友 

He shows little regard for others 他不爱关心别人 

226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 

eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做饭 

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么 

eg : the pictures remind me of my school days 这照片使我想起了我的学校 

the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 

228 return sth to sb 还什么东西给某人 

229 say to oneself 对自己说 

230 say to sb 对某人说 

231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少钱在某事上 

232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少时间陪谁 

233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少时间做某事 

234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 

235 see sb do 看见某人做过某事 see sb doing 看见某人正在做某事 

236 seem to do/be +adj 显得怎么样 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 

237 send +sb sth 送给某人某物 

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？ 

239 shock 使……震惊 eg : Oh , It's only you ! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！吓我一跳 

240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 eg : I show her the book. 

241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么东西给某人看 eg: Show me your pen Show your pen to me 

242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 eg : I show the book to her. 

243 some…others… 一些……另一些…… 

244 start…with… 从……开始 begin…with… 从……开始 

245 stay away from 远离…… 

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物 

If you want to lose weight you'd better stay auay from the sweet food 徒工你想减肥，你最好远离甜食 

246 stop doing 停下正在做的事 

247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 

248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事 

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 

250 such +名 这样 ，这种 

251 suit sb 适合某人 

252 surprise sb 使某人惊奇 to one's surprise 令某人惊奇 

253 take classes 上课 

254 take sb to 把某人带去 eg : I take you to the hospital 

255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk 散步 

256 ①talk to 对谁说 eg : I talk to you ② talk with 和谁说 eg : I talk with him 

③ talk of 谈到 eg : we talked of you ④ talk about 谈论关于…… 

257 talk with sb 和某人说话 

258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事 

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事 

260 tell sb sth tell sb that 丛句 tell sb not to do sth tell a story 

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 

262 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做什么 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要做什么 

263 tell…from… 

264 thank you for +doing 

265 the same +名词(doing)+as…… 

266 the same…(名)…as as…(adj adv)…as 相同 

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法the way to +地方 去哪的路 

e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 

268 the way to…（地点） 到哪的269 too…to… 太怎样而不能……adj +enough to 足够…能… so…that +丛句 

eg: He is too young to go to school = He is so young that he can't go to school 

He is old enough to go to school ＝ He is so old that he can go to school 

270 transalte ……into…… 把什么翻译成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但没成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已经做过了 

eg ：He tried to climb 他想爬上去，但没成功 He tried climbing 他想爬上去，已经做过了 

274 try…试衣服 have a try 试一下 275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up 开大 

276 turn off 关上 ←→ turn on 打开 open 拆开 277 upside down 倒着 

278 visit to… 参观某个地方 279 wait for sb 等某人