鱼晓斌:用英语介绍地理位置和地方的句型

Ⅰ. 可能会用到的词汇、短语及相关知识：across, border, continent, face (v), landmark, lie, locate, mountain range, situate 运用描述地方的用语：in, on, between, in the middle of, on the coast of, off the coast of, on the left, on the right, in front of, behind, near, next to, opposite, above, below, in the south of, to the east of  特别是几个介词的用法, 以 east 为例, 方位表示方法如下:

(一) in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向,如The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

(二)on the east 表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向,这里的方向指相对，如China faces the Pacific on the east.

(三)in\to\on\at the east of

1、A在B范围之内,要表示A在B的东部,用 A is in the east of B

2 、A在B范围之外,要表示A在B的东方,用A lies to the east of B

3、A与B相接,要表示A在B的东侧,用A is on the east of B

4、如果把方位词看作一个整体,或者看成一地点,,就用 A is at the east of B,如:there was a big battle at the north of the liaodong peninsula. 在辽东半岛的北边有一场一大战

5、如果表示A位于B东面100公里处,既可以说A lies 100km to the east of B,又可以说A lies 100km east of B

（四)要表示方位"偏向"通常用by，如正南偏东:south by east  Ⅱ. 例子：(一)以中国为例
China
The People’s Republic of China is a socialism country with its own characteristics. It is one of the developing countries.
China lies in the east of Asia. It has a number of neighboring countries. To the north, northeast and northwest are the Mongolia, Russia and Korea. To the south are Vietnam, Laos, Thailand and the Philippine. To the west and southwest are India, Burma, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan. To the east is Japan, which faces China across the East China Sea.
China is a country with a vast territory. It has an area of over 9,600,000 square kilometers. It consists of 34 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Covernment. Beijing, which is situated in the North China, is its capital.
The People’s Republic of China is one of the largest countries in the world. Now it has a population of more than 1.3 billion, making up a quarter of the world population.

以下是汉字部分:
①中华人民共和国是一个有中国特色的社会主义国家。它是一个发展中国家。
②中国位于亚洲的东部，有许多邻国。北面和东北面有蒙古，俄罗斯和朝鲜；南面有越南、老挝、泰国和菲律宾；西面和西南面有缅甸、印度、尼泊尔、不丹和巴基斯坦；东面有日本，与中国隔海相望。
③中国幅员辽阔，有九百六十万平方千米。
④它有34个省、直辖市和自治区。首都是北京，位于华北。
⑤中国是世界上最大的国家之一。现在，它有12多亿人口，占世界人口的四分之一。  (二)以波兰为例Poland , officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe. Poland is bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 33rd most populous country in the world. (三)以西安为例Xian is the capital of Shaanxi province, located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain. With the Qinling Mountains to the south and the Weihe River to the north, it is in a favorable geographical location surrounded by water and hills. It has a semi-moist monsoon climate and there is a clear distinction between the four seasons. Except the colder winter, any season is relatively suitable for traveling.