魔兽世界鬼灵座狼:and but or 的用法及区别（有试题）

and

◇“和”，连接两个名词，代词或两个形容词等语法作用相同的词语。但否定句中用or。

特别提醒：如果前后名词都用no修饰，则可以用and。（该考点不是初中内容，仅作拓展之用）

The air was so warm and bright.

It has no feet or legs.

It has no eyes and no ears.

I have no sister or brother.

◇“然后”。用于连接两句有时间上先后的句子。

She washed the dishes and dried them.

◇表示目的，意图。用于go, come, stop, run, stay等动词后。

Come and have a drink.

Go and buy one.

◇“只要……就会……”“如果……那么……”，用于祈使句后，表示条件与结果的关系。

Knock on the door, and it will be opened.

Come late again, and you’ll be fired.

but

◇ "但是"，“可是”，“而”，“却”。

He is in poor health, but he still keeps working.

◇用在表示歉意的话后，引起一个分句，这个but通常不译成汉语。

Excuse me, but can you tell me how to get to the railway station?

◇不与although/though (“虽然，尽管”)连用。

Though he is old, he works hard.

He is old, but he works hard.

◇作介词，表示“除了……之外”。

She did nothing but watch TV.

or

◇“一般疑问句+ or+被选择的部分”构成选择疑问句。

Do you like apples or pears?

Would you like tea or coffee?

◇“祈使句+or +陈述句”，表示 “……，否则，……”

Hurry up, or you will be late.

Work hard, or you cannot pass this exam.

◇“和”，否定句中代替and。

I don’t like bananas or pears.

◇or 连接并列主语时，谓语动词的人称要与最后的那个主语保持一致。

Either you or he is right. 要么你要么他是对的。

◇or so 大约，左右

I’ll be there in an hour or so.

同步练习：

用and, but, or填空：

1.         Hurry up, _________ you’ll be late for school.

2.         Who’s the youngest, Rose, Helen ________ Betty?

3.         Work hard, ______ you will succeed.

4.         Excuse me, _______ could you tell me the way to the post office?

5.         I’ll see you either on Monday _______ on Tuesday.

6.         Put your coat on ______ you’ll be cold.

7.         I’m sorry, _______ could you repeat that, please?

8.         There is no one here ______me.

9.         She can do anything _______sing.

10.     The sky is blue ________ everything is beautiful.

11.     We were very tired _______ we were very happy.

12.     He never smokes ________ drinks.

13.     There is no air ______ water on the moon.

14.     Your classroom is clean _______ tidy.

15.     My house is small _______ lovely.

16.     Lucy worked hard at English ______ she came first in the English exam.

17.     It is hot today, ______ some boys are still playing basketball outside.

18.     People can’t live without air _____ water.

19.     The Summer Palace is large _______ beautiful.

20.     He looks tall and strong ______ he is afraid to go out at night.

21.     We had no water ______ food at that time.

22.     Hurry up! ______ we will be late!

23.     Come on! _______ you will win the match.

24.     Be careful! _______ you will hurt yourself!

25.     He usually goes to school by bus ______ by bike.

江苏13城市中考试题汇编：

(   ) 1. We didn't enjoy the picnic _______ there was a sudden rain. (08连云港）

        A.if                     B. but           C. because                        D. however

(   ) 2. Work hard, _____ you'll pass the English exam this time. (08扬州）

        A.or                    B. but                 C. because                        D. and

(   ) 3. He was sure his Dad would beat him, but his father didn't. ______, he picked up his 

     crying son and kissed him. (08淮安)

        A. Therefore           B. Indeed            C. Instead           D. But

Keys：

用and, but, or填空：

1. or  2. or  3. and  4. but  5. or  6. or  7. but  8. but  9. but  10. and

11. but  12. or  13. or  14. and  15. but  16. and  17. but  18. or  19. and  20. but

21. or  22. Or  23. And  24. Or  25. or

江苏13城市中考试题汇编：

1. C  2. D  3. C

◆and的六点用法◆

(1) 表示联合，意为“和”、“又”、“而且”：

We were cold and hungry. 我们饥寒交迫。

I woke up and got out of bed. 我醒了就起床了。

He played the piano and she sang. 他弹钢琴，她唱歌。

(2) 有时用于连接两个相同的词语，表示连续性：

The train ran faster and faster. 火车开得越来越快。

We waited for hours and hours. 我们一直等了好几个小时。

The boys laughed and laughed. 这些孩子笑个不停。

【注】但有时连接两个相同名词表示不同的质量和种类：

There are dictionaries and dictionaries. 词典很多，有好有坏。

Don’t worry—there are rules and rules. 别担心——规则与规则不一样。

(3) 在口语中用在 come, go, run, stay, stop, try 等之后表示目的，大致相当于不定式符号 to：

Come and have tea with me. 过来跟我一起喝杯茶。

We ought to stop and think. 我们应该停下来想一想。

(4) 有时用在祈使句后，表示结果，意为“那么”：

Work hard and you’ll succeed. 努力干吧，你会成功的。

Arrive late once more and you’re fired. 你再迟一次，你就会被开除。

比较：If you work hard, you’ll succeed. 如果你努力干，你会成功的。

(5) 有时表示对比(有类似but的意思)：

He is rich, and (yet) leads a modest life. 他很富有，但却过着朴素的生活。

Robert is secretive and David is candid. 罗伯特深藏不露，而戴维则有啥说啥。

(6) 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很”，“挺”：

It’s nice and cool under the tree. 这树下很凉快。

The book is good and expensive. 这本书很贵。

◆or的用法归纳◆

■表示选择，意为“或”“还是”：

Is the radio off or on? 无线电关上了还是开着的?

Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡？

Is he asleep or awake? 他睡着了还是醒着?

Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？

You may go or stay, according as you decide. 是去是留由你自己决定。

Are you from North China or South China? 你是华北人还是华南人?

You can come now or you can meet us there later. 你可以现在来，也可以稍晚和我们在那里碰头。

■表示一种否定的条件，意为“否则”：

Come on, or we’ll be late.  快点，否则我们要迟到了。

Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 赶快，否则你上学就要迟到了。

Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold. 穿暖和点，否则你会感冒的。

Be careful, or you’ll break that vase! 小心，否则你会把那花瓶打碎!

Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。

■可表示“要不就是”：

He must be joking, or else he’s mad. 他一定在说笑话，要不就是疯了。

The book must be here, or else you’ve lost it. 这书一定在这儿，要不就是你丢失了。

■用于否定句中代替and。

He was not clever or good-looking. 他不聪明，也长得不好看。

比较：

They sang and danced. 他们既唱歌又跳舞。

They didn't sing or dance. 他们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。

■用于习语

The work is more or less finished. 工作大体上完成了。

They consist of 1700 or more tribes. 他们由1700个或更多部族构成。

There’s just one or two details I want to make sure about. 还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。

Either your mother or your father may come with you. 你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。

◆but的用法举例◆

1. 连接词或短语

It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天气晴朗，却不太暖和。

He drives not carefully but slowly. 他开车不是很小心，而是开得很慢。

2. 连接句子

This isn’t a good one but it will answer. 这不太好，但可以将就用。

He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。

She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer. 我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。

The ice remained, but there was no water underneath. 冰还在，但下面却没有水。

Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。

At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more natural. 开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。

There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet. 起初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了。

3. 用于句首

But that question doesn’t arise. 但没发生那个问题。

But in secret she was delighted. 但她暗中感到高兴。

But what else can we do? 我们还能做什么?

But in the end he gave in. 但最后他还是让步了。

But there’s one thing we are agreed on. 但有一点大家的意见是一致的。

4. 用于道歉的表达之后

Sorry, but we’re behind schedule. 抱歉，我们落在计划后了。

I’m frightfully sorry, but I can’t see you today. 太对不起了，我今天不能见你。

Excuse me, but I don’t think that’s quite true. 很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有出入。

5. 用于not…but…，表示“不是……而是……”

Not you but I am to blame. 不是你的错而是我的错。

6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只……”：

He eats nothing but hamburgers. 他只吃汉堡包。

She knows no one but you. 她只认识你。

You have nobody but yourself to blame. 只能怪你自己。

No one but me saw her. 只有我看见他。

7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第……”

He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家。

He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒数第二个到的。

8. can’t help but 不由得不……

You can’t help but respect them. 你不由得不尊敬他们。

When they gave him a ticket to the game, he couldn’t help but go. 他们给了他一张看球赛的票，他不由得不去。

I can’t help but wonder what I should do next. 我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。

【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然…但是…”直译为although…but…：

误：Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but中任一个)