魔兽世界 探索:高考英语考纲词汇用法详解(1)

来源:百度文库 编辑:九乡新闻网 时间:2024/04/28 18:47:35

高考英语考纲词汇用法详解(1)

 

A

 

a[E,eI], an[En,An] art. 1.一(个,件,…) 2.任何…都3.每(一) 4.某,某一个:I have got a ticket. 我有一张票。/ an awful noise 一种可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。/ We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。/ A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想见你。

【注意】1.单数可数名词若泛指,其前需加 a / an,不要从汉语习惯出发,漏掉此不定冠词(高考短文改错中常考查此知识点,许多同学在做书面表达时也常犯此错),如不能说Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序数词之前使用a(an),可以表示数量或序数的增加:Do you want to read it a third time? 你还想看第三次吗?

able[5eIbl] adj.能…的,有才能的,能干的,能够的:She’s as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一样聪明能干。

【句型】be able to do sth 能做某事

【说明】比较级和最高级可以是 ablerablestmore able, better ablemost able,但不如前者常见。

【辨析】be able tocan的区别,见 can

about[E5baJt] prep.在附近,关于,在…周围,忙于 adv.附近,大约,转向,左右,周围:She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起来,环顾四周。/ I had no money about me. 我身边没有带钱。/ She likes to walk about. 她喜爱四处走走。/ There were few people about. 附近几乎无人。

【句型】1. be about to do 即将,就要(不能与 tomorrow 等具体时间状语连用) 2. How [What] about…(你认为)…怎么样?

【辨析】abouton:前者指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事,后者指比较系统、深入地论述某事:It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作) / It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书)

above[E5bQv] prep.在…上方,过于,超出 adv. 在上面 adj. 上面的,上述的,上文的:We were flying above the clouds. 我们在云层上面飞行。/ Health is above wealth. 健康胜过财富。/ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出这样的事来。

【辨析】aboveoverover 表示垂直在上的正上方,above 则不一定表示正上方(即表示正上方时两者均可用,不表示正上方时要用 above)。

abroad[E5brR:d] adv. 到(在)国外:He has gone abroad. 他出国了。/ He has just returned from abroad. 他刚从国外归来。

【用法】1.是副词,不是形容词,不置于名词前作定语,但可置于名词后作定语:one’s recent tour abroad 某人最近的国外之行。2.是副词,不是名词,所以不说 go to abroad之类的。

accept[Ek5sept] vt. 接受,承认:Much to my regret, I’m unable to accept your kind invitation. 我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。

【辨析】acceptreceive:前者指主观上接受,后者指客观上收到:He received the gift, but he did not accept it. 他收到这件礼物,但没有接受。

accident[5AksIdEnt] n.[C]事故:She was injured badly in an accident during the work. 她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。

【短语】by accident偶然,无意中

according to[E5kR:dIN tu:] prep.按照,根据:from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 各尽所能,按需分配 / According to my watch it is 10 o’clock. 按我的表是10点钟。

【注意】1.不能用于第一人称,即不能说according to me (us)。2.其后不能接view, opinion等表示观点或看法的词,要表示类似意思可改用in one’s opinion等。

ache[eIk] n. [C]疼痛 vi. 痛;渴望:Her head ached all night. 她的头整夜都疼。/ I am aching to join in the game. 我渴望参加比赛。

achieve[E5tFi:v] v. 1.达到,取得 2.完成,实现:He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。

across[E5krRs] prep.& adv. 穿过,在另一边,在对面:We swam across the river. 我们游到河对岸。/ Across the street from the school is the library. 从学校穿过大街就是图书馆。

【辨析】acrosscross:前者为介词或副词,后者为动词。

act[Akt] n.[C]动作;举动;节目;(戏剧的)幕;法案,法令 vi.行动;产生…的效果;表演;表现;见效 vt.扮演(角色):People praised his brave act. 人们赞扬他的勇敢行为。/ Think before you act! 三思而后行!/ Does the drug take long to act? 这药要很久才能起作用吗?

【短语】act as 充当 / act for 代理,代表

active[5AktIv] adj.积极的,活泼的,活跃的:She is very active. 她非常活跃。/ He is an active member of the club. 他是俱乐部的积极分子。

actor[5AktE] n.[C](男)演员:professional actor 专业演员

actress[5AktrIs] n.[C]女演员:an experienced actress有经验的女演员

actual[5AktFJEl] adj. 实际的,真实的,现实的,目前的:I can not give the actual figures. 我不能举出实际数字。/ What’s the actual price? 实价多少?

add[Ad] vi.&vt. 加,增加,增进,补充说:“I felt sorry for her,” Bob added. “我为她感到惋惜,”鲍勃又说道。

【短语】add in 包括 / add to 增加 / add up 加起来 / add up to 加起来等于,总之就是…

address[E5dres] n. [C]住址,通迅处 vt.向…致辞,演说,写姓名地址:What’s your home address? 你的家庭住址呢? / Write the address clearly. 地址请写清楚。

admire[Ed5maIE] vt. 钦佩,赞美,羡慕:I admire her for her bravery. 我钦佩她的勇气。

【注意】其后不能接双宾语,也不接that 引导的宾语从句。

admit[Ed5mIt] vt. 接纳,让…进入,承认:He admitted that it was really his fault. 他承认这确实得怪他。

【用法】后接动词要用动名词,不用不定式:She admitted having read the letter. 她承认看过这封信。

advance[Ed5vB:ns] vi.前进,进展 vt. 推进,促进,提升,提前,预付 n.[C,U]前进,进展,进步,提升,预付款:The general commanded his men to advance. 将军命令他的士兵向前挺进。

【短语】in advance 在前头,事先,提前 / in advance of 在…前面,比…进步,超过 / on the advance (物价)在上涨 / advance on 朝…前进

advantage[Ed5vB:ntIdV] n.[C,U]优势,长处,有利条件,利益:A better education gave us the advantage. 良好的教育使我们处于有利地位。/ The advantage of the idea was its simplicity. 这个主意的优点就在于它简单明了。

【短语】have [gain, get] the [an] advantage over [of] 胜过,优于 / take advantage of 乘机利用,利用别人的弱点,占便宜

adventure[Ed5ventFE] n.[C,U]冒险,冒险活动,奇遇 v. 冒险,胆敢:He lived for adventure. 他平生喜欢冒险。/ No man would adventure it. 没有人敢冒险做这种事。

【用法】表示抽象意义的“冒险”,不可数;表示具体意义的“冒险的经历或事件”,则可数。

advice[Ed5vaIs] n.[U]忠告,建议:Your advice was a great help to me. 你的建议对我有很大的帮助。 / I don’t know who ask advice from. 我不知道该向谁讨教。

【用法】1.不可数,不与不定冠词或数词连用,也不用复数形式,如说a piece of advice, some advice,但不说an advice, some advices2.表示征求意见,通常用ask (for) advice;表示听从或接受某人的意见,通常用follow [take] one’s advice

advise[Ed5vaIz] vt.劝告,建议:Be advised! 接受意见吧! / They will advise you what to do. 他们将给你出主意怎么办。

【用法】1.其后接动词作宾语,要用动名词,不能用不定式,即说advise doing sth,不说 advise to do sth2.表示建议某人做某事,要用 advise sb to do sth(此时的不定式作宾语补足语);若表示建议某人不要做某事,则用advise sb not to do sthadvise sb against doing sth3.后接 that 引导的宾语从句时,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气:We advised her that she (should) wait. 我们劝她等。

affair[E5fZE]n.[C]事件,事情,事务,私事,恋爱事件:foreign affairs 外交事务 / school affairs 校务 / How are your affairs going? 你的情况怎么样?

afford[E5fR:d] vt. 买得起,经受得住,承担得起:I can’t afford to buy a car. 我买不起汽车。/ We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。

【用法】1.常与can, could, be able to 连用。2.其后可接名词、代词或不定式作宾语,若意思明确,可省略有关成分:afford to buy a car =afford a car 买得起小车 / afford the time for a holiday=afford a holiday 抽得出时间去度假

afraid[E5freId] adj.(用作表语)害怕的,担心的;恐怕:Don’t be afraid. 不用怕。/ He is afraid to say that. 他不敢说那事。/ I was afraid of waking him. 我担心会把他吵醒。/ I’m afraid you’re wrong. 恐怕是你错了。

【比较】1. be afraid to do sthbe afraid of doing sth:前者指害怕(不敢)做某事,而后者有两个意思,一是表示害怕做某事(此时可be afraid to do sth 互换),二是表示担心会发生某情况(所担心的情况不一定会发生,此时不能与 be afraid to do sth 互换)。2. I’m afraid notI’m not afraid:前者为委婉的否定回答,意为“恐怕不…”;后者意为“我不怕”。

Africa[5AfrIkE]n.非洲:Africa is a continent. 非洲是个大陆。

African[5AfrIkEn] adj.非洲的,非洲人的 n.[C]非洲人

after[5B:ftE] prep.在…后面 conj.在…以后 adv.在后,后来:What did you do after leaving school? 离开学校之后你干什么了? / I will tell them after you leave (have left). 你走了之后我再告诉他们。/ We arrived soon after. 我们随后就到了。

【辨析】1. afterbehind:前者指位次的先后,后者指位置的前后。2. afterin:前者以过去时间为起点,通常连用过去时态;而in 则以现在时间为起点,通常连用将来时态。但是,若表示在某一点时间之后,则只能用after(无论是现在还是过去):I’ll leave here after 6 o’clock. 我6点后离开这儿。

afternoon[5B:ftE7nu:n] n.[C,U]下午,午后:He returned in the late afternoon. 他是在傍晚时分回来的。/ This afternoon will be cloudy, turning clear. 今天下午阴转晴。

again[E5geIn] adv.再一次,又,再:After the storm it became calm again. 暴风雨过后,天气又恢复平静无风。/ Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。

【短语】again and again 再三地,反复地 / once again 再一次

against[E5ge(I)nst] prep. 相反,反对,逆着,靠着,倚着:Are you for or against it? 你是支持它还是反对它? / Drug taking is against the law. 吸毒是违法的。/ It is a great joy to battle against nature. 与大自然作斗争,其乐无穷。

【注意】against 是介词,不是动词,所以不能说 Do you against…之类的。

age[eIdV] n.年龄,时代,(用复数表示)长时间:What is your age? 你年纪多大?/ She died in 1936 at the age of 84. 她死于1936年,享年84岁。/ I haven’t seen him for ages. 我已好长时间没有见到他了。

【注意】不要按汉语习惯将“他年纪轻”说成He age is young. 可说成 He is young.

ago[E5gEJ] adv.以前:That was some twenty years ago. 那大约是20年前。/ We came a week ago, since when the weather has been bad. 我们一星期前来到这里,从那时起天气一直不好。

agree[E5gri:] v.同意,赞成,答应:She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。/ I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。/ If you agree, so; if not, so. 如果你同意,就这样;如果你不同意,也这样。

【比较】agree to do sth 同意做某事 / agree with sb 赞成某人的意见,与某人意见相同 / agree on (upon) 对…持相同观点 / agree to 同意(某项计划、建议、安排等)

【注意】不要将汉语的“同意某人做某事”直译为agree sb to do sth,可改说agree to let sb do sth等。

agriculture[5AgrIkQltFE] n.[U]农业,农艺,农学:United States Department of Agriculture 美国农业部

ahead[E5hed] adv.在前面,向前:Walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河边。

【短语】ahead of 在…之前;超过 / ahead of time [schedule] 提前 / Go ahead! 前进,有进展,继续干下去

【注意】ahead 是副词,不是名词,所以不能说 in the ahead, at the ahead等。

aim[eIm] n.[U]瞄准,对准 [C]目标 v.瞄准,对准,以…为目标:It is now our aim to set up a factory. 我们现在的目标是创办一座工厂。/ I aim to be a lawyer. 我要当个律师。

【用法】1.表示“瞄准”时,不可数,所以在 take aim at, take careful aim at 这类短语中没有不定冠词。2.表示“想做某事”或“以做某事为目标”,动词aim后可接不定式或接at doing sth,即aim to do sth=aim at doing sth

air[ZE] n.[U]空气,大气,天空,空中 [C]样子,神态,气氛:Birds fly in the air. 鸟在空中飞翔。/ Better let in some fresh air. 最好放些新鲜空气进来。/ He came into the room with an air of importance. 他带着一副了不起的神情走进室内。

aircraft[5ZEkrB:ft] n.[C]飞机,航空器:There are enemy aircraft on the radar screen.雷达荧屏上出现了敌人的飞机。

【注意】单复数同形,所以不要说 five aircraftssome aircrafts 之类的。

airport[5ZEpR:t] n.[C]航空站,飞机场:At the airport, the customs officers searched his case. 在机场,海关人员检查了他的箱子。

alive[E5laIv] adj. 活着的,活跃的,充满…的,通着电流的:The fish we caught is still alive. 我们捉的鱼还活着。/ The wire is alive. 这条电线带电。

【注意】1.可用作表语,不作前置定语,但有时可用作后置定语:the greatest man alive当今伟人 2.通常不用 very 修饰,但可用 muchvery much 修饰。

all[R:l] adj.全部的,所有的 pron. 全体,全部 adv. 全部地,都,更加:Are all the students here today? 今天所有的学生都到了吗? / I know that all is well with her. 我知道她一切都好。/ She is all in favor of my suggestion. 她完全赞同我的建议。/ She hated him all the more. 她更加恨他了。

【短语】all along 自始至终 / all the same 依然,仍然 / notat all 一点也不,从来不 / all over 到处,结束 / in all 总计,全部 / above all 首先,最重要的是 / after all 毕竟,终究

allow[E5laJ] v.允许,准许:Smoking is not allowed here. 此处不准吸烟。/ He doesn’t allow cats in the room. 他不允许猫进入房内。

【用法】可接不定式作宾语补足语,但不接不定式作宾语,即可说allow sb to do sth,但不说allow to do sth(可改为 allow doing sth)。

【辨析】allowpermitpermit 通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许,其语气较重;而 allow 通常指消极地不加反对,有时含有听任或默许之意,语气较轻。如:Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed. 一切都没明文规定可以做,但一切做了也无妨。

almost[5R:lmEJst] adv. 几乎,差不多:It was almost dark when they got there. 他们抵达那里时,天几乎黑了。

【辨析】almostnearlyalmost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前,但 nearly 一般不这样用。而nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰,但 almost 之前不能用这些词。

alone[E5lEJn]adj. 单独的,独自的adv.独自,单独,仅仅:She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时,她便看电视。/ He alone knows the secret. 只有他一人知道秘密。

【短语】leavealone 听其自然,不要去管 / let alone 至于,更不必说

【用法】用作副词表示“仅仅”时,要放在被修饰词语之后,比较:He can do it alone. 他一个人可以做此事。/ He alone can do it. 只有他能做此事。

along[E5lRN] prep.沿着,顺着 adv. 向前,往前;一起:We walked along the river. 我们沿着河走。/ I took my brother along. 我带着弟弟。

【短语】all along一直,始终 / along with 和…一起[一道],随着,除…以外(还)

aloud[E5laJd] adv. 出声地,大声地:He read the poem aloud. 他高声朗诵那首诗。

【短语】think aloud 自言自语

already[R:l5redI] adv.已经:I’ve already forgiven you. 我已经原谅了你。/ It is already the middle of summer. 现在已是仲夏了。/ She had already gone when I arrived. 我到的时候她已经走了。

【注意】一般用于肯定句,不用于否定句或疑问句(此时用 yet),不过有时在疑问句中也用它,用于表示惊讶(且多用于句末)。

also[5R:lsEJ] adv.conj. 又,并且:He also asked to join the army. 他也要求去参军。/ Also, he has gone abroad. 而且,他已去了国外。

【短语】not onlybut also …不但…而且

【用法】用于肯定句或疑问句,但通常不用于否定句(在否定句中用either)。

although[R:l5TEJ] conj.虽然,然而:Although he was ill, he worked hard. 他虽然生病,但仍努力工作。/ I did not know that then, although I learned it later. 当时我不知道那件事,但我后来知道了。

【用法】不能按汉语习惯在主句前用连接词 but, 但可用副词yet, nevertheless 等。

altogether[7R:ltE5geTE] adv. 完全地,总共:I am altogether on your side in this matter. 在这个问题上我完全支持你。/ Altogether there were 36 people in the bus. 在公共汽车上一共有36人。

【注意】altogetherall together不同,后者表示“一起”、“同时”。

always [5R:lweIz] adv.总是,永远:He always keeps to his promises. 他总是说话算数的。

【注意】与否定词连用构成部分否定(not always=并非总是),且只能位于否定词之后:Money doesn’t always bring happiness. 财富并不一定总带来幸福。

America[5EmerIkE] n.美国,美洲:the Voice of America (VOA) 美国之音 / Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。

American[E5merIkEn] n.[C]美国(洲)人 adj.美国(洲)的:American English 美国英语 / He’s an American citizen but lives in Canada. 他是美国公民,但住在加拿大。

among[E5mQN] prep.在…中间,在(三者或三者以上)之间,…之一:They live among the mountains. 他们住在群山之中。/ Baseball is very popular among Americans. 棒球运动很受美国人的欢迎。/ She is among the best of our typists. 她是我们最好打字员之一。

【辨析】amongbetween:前者主要用于三者或三者以上之间,后者主要用于两者之间。

and[And, End] conj.和,又;然后,接着:Let’s go and play basketball. 我们去打篮球吧。/ She read for an hour and went to bed. 她读了一小时的书,然后就去睡了。

【用法】1.用于连接两个比较级,表示“越来越”:colder and colder 越来越冷 2.用于 good, nice, fine 等之后,表示“很”、“挺”:good and fast 很快

anger[5ANgE] n.[U]生气,愤怒 v. (使)发怒:Anger showed in his face. 他脸上露出怒容。/ His loud radio angered me. 他大声放收音机使我很生气。

angry[5AgNrI] adj.生气的;愤怒的:He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意,这使我很生气。

【用法】注意其后所接介词:be [get] angry at sth 因某事而生气 / be [get] angry about sth 因某事而生气 / be [get] angry with sb 生某人的气(注:不要想当然地用be angry to sb 来表示此义)。

animal[5AnImEl] n. [C]动物,兽 adj.动物的:plants and animals 动植物(注意词序) / The lion is a wild animal. 狮子是一种野生动物。

announce[E5naJns] vt.宣告,宣布,发表:He announced the good news to her. 他向她宣布了这个好消息。/ He announced to her that he would go soon. 他告诉她不久就离开。

【注意】不能后接双宾语,即不用于announce sb sth,要表示类似意思可用announce sth to sb

another[E5nQTE] adj.再一,另一,别的 pron.另一个:Please give me another. 请给我另一个。/ You’d better stay in hospital for another few days. 你最好在医院再住几天。

【用法】1.泛指不确定数目中的“另外任何一个”;若特指两个当中的另外一个,不用 another,而用the otherPlease show me another. 请再拿一个给我看看(至少已看过一个)。2. 在一般情况下,其后不能接复数名词,而接单数可数名词(表泛指),但若复数名词之前有数词或few修饰,则可用它修饰:another five students 另外5个学生

【短语】one after another 一个又一个地,一个接一个地,相继地 / one another 互相,彼此

answer[5B:nsE] v.回答,答复;回信;满足于n. [C]答案;回应:Please answer the telephone. 请接电话。/ This tool will answer our needs. 这工具能满足我们的需要。

【短语】answer back 回嘴,顶嘴 / answer for 对…担保,为…的后果承担责任 / answer to 符合,适合 / in answer to 为了回答(响应),听(接)到…后就

anxious[5ANkFEs] adj.忧虑的,担心的;渴望的:People all over the world were anxious to have peace. 全世界人民都渴望和平。

【用法】表示为某事担心,其后可接介词 about / for;表示渴望得到某物,其后通常接for,而不用about,当然也可接不定式:He’s anxious for [to know] the result. 他急于想知道结果。

any[5enI] adj.(用于疑问句,否定句等)什么;一些,任何的 pron.(无论)那些;(无论)哪一个 adv.略微,一点:Have you any money with you? 你身上带钱了吗? / I’m too tired to walk any further. 我太累了,不能再往前走了。

【用法】1.用作代词时,只能用于三者或三者以上,不能用于两者(表示两者中的任意一个,可用either),如不能说 any of my parents,但可说 either of my parents2. 用于否定句时,只能用于否定词之后,即可说notany,不说anynot

anybody[5enI7bRdi] / anyone[5enIwQn] pron.任何人:Hello! Is anybody here? 喂!有人吗?/ You mustn’t tell anybody about this; it’s secret. 这件事你不能告诉任何人,这是秘密。

anyhow[5enIhaJ] adv.无论如何,不管怎样;随便:Anyhow, I will see you tonight. 无论如何, 今天晚上我要见你。

anything [5enIWIN] pron. 东西,任何事物,无论什么:You can’t believe anything she says. 你不能相信她说的话。/ I want something to eat, and anything will do. 我想弄点东西吃,什么都行。

【短语】anything but 绝不,并不 / if anything 如果有什么不同的话

【用法】1.受形容词的修饰时,形容词应置于其后。2.用于否定句时,只能用于否定词之后,即可说notanything,不说anythingnot

anywhere[5enIwZE] adv.无论何处,任何地方:Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?/ You can go anywhere you like. 你可以去你喜欢的任何地方。

apologize / apologise[E5pRlEdVaIz] vi.道歉:You might at least apologize. 你至少应该道个歉吧。/ I have come to apologize to you. 我是来向您道歉的。/ I must apologize for calling you so late. 实在抱歉,这么晚给您打电话。

appear[E5pIE] vi. 出现,看来,似乎:It appears that he is ill.=He appears to be ill. 他似乎病了。/ There appears to be something the matter with her. 她好像出了什么事似的。

【用法】1.不及物,不能有宾语,也不能用于被动语态。2.look, seem 后可接介词 like 不同,appear 后不接介词like

apple[5Apl] n. [C]苹果:the apple of sb’s eye 珍爱之物

April[5eIprEl] n.四月(略作Apr.):April fool=April Fools’ Day 愚人节(4月1日)

area[5ZErIE] n. [C,U]面积,地区,区域:Teachers are in demand in this area. 在这个地区很需要教师。/ Parking is prohibited in this area. 此处禁止停车。

【用法】表示某地面积大小的方法很多,如要表示“我们庭园的面积为20平方米”,可说成:Our garden has an area of twenty square meters. / The area of our garden is twenty square meters. / Our garden is twenty square meters in area. / Our garden covers an area of twenty square meters.

argue[5B:gju:] v.争论,说服,证明:He argued for (against) the plan. 他赞成(反对)这个计划。/They always argue about [over] money. 他们总是为钱争吵。

arm[B:m] n. [C]手臂,胳膊;(用复数)武器 v.武装,装备:He was wounded in the arm. 他的胳膊受伤了。/ She held [took] her handbag in her arms. 她双手把手提包抱在怀里。

【短语】arm in arm 臂挽着臂 / be armed to the teeth 全副武装

army[5B:mI] n.军队;大群:He also asked to join the army. 他也要求去参军。/ an army of bees 一大群蜜蜂

【用法】用作主语,谓语动词用单数(从整体考虑)或复数(从个体考虑)均可:The army was [were] wiped out. 这支军队被消灭了。

around[E5raJnd] prep.在…周围;环绕;大约 adv.(在)各处,(在)附近,到处,在周围:There was a wall around the park. 公园四周有围墙。/ Will you please wait around for me? 请在附近等我好吗?

arrival[E5raIvEl] n.[U]到达 [C]到来的人或物:On my arrival at [in] Paris I went to see her. 我一到巴黎,就去看她了。/ Come and meet the new arrivals. 来见见新来的人。

arrive[E5raIv] vi.到达,(时间)到来,得出(结论),(婴儿)出生,来到:He was the first to arrive. 他第一个到。/ It took a long time to arrive at a conclusion. 花了很长时间才达成一个结论。/ Her baby arrived during the night. 她的小孩是夜里生的。

【用法】不及物,后接地点,需借助介词atin (地方较小用at,较大用in)。

art[B:t] n.[U,C]艺术,美术;技艺,技术;(用复数)人文学科:Art is long; life is short. (谚语)艺术长久,人生短暂。/ a work of art 一件美术品 / Language teaching is both a science and an art. 语言教学既是一门科学又是一门艺术。

article[5B:tIkl] n.[C](尤指报刊杂志上的)文章;物品,物件;冠词:What does the article discuss? 这篇文章讲的是什么? / an article of clothing 一件衣服

artist[5B:tIst] n. [C]美术家:He has no wish to be an artist. 他不想做艺术家。

as[As] conj.当…的时候;由于;尽管;随着,与…一样 prep.作为,当作adv.同样,相同 pron.正如:He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起来时,把杯子摔了。/ This is the same as it was before. 这个与以前一样。/ As you are tired, you had better rest. 你累了,最好休息一下。/ As the wages advanced, so did the cost of living. 随着工资的提高, 生活费用也提高了。

【短语】asas 与…一样 / not as [so]…as 不像,不如 / as if=as though 好像,好似 / as yet 迄今,到目前为止 / as [so] long as 只要 / as soon as 一…就 / as to 关于,至于

【用法】1.用作连词,表示“尽管”时,要用于倒装句,且倒装后位于句首的名词通常不用冠词(等于though):Child as[=though] he was, he did quite well. 他虽是个孩子, 但已干得很不错。2.用作关系代词,有两种用法:一是用于such, the same, as等之后引导限制性定语从句:Such men as(=Those men who) heard of him praised him. 听说过他的人都赞扬他。二是单独用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前(常译为:正如)或之后(常译为:这一点),且主从句之间一般要用逗号隔开:He was absent, as is often the case. 他缺席了,这是常有的事。

ash[AF] n.灰,(常用pl)灰烬,骨灰,遗体:The house (was) burned to ashes. 房子烧成灰烬了。

【用法】表示“灰”时本来不可数,但有时可用复数形式代替单数形式,且意思不变:cigarette ash [ashes] 烟灰

ashamed[E5FeImd] adj.惭愧,害臊:I am half ashamed to do so. 这样做我有些不好意思。/ You really ought to be ashamed of that. 你实在应该对此感到惭愧。/ Not feel ashamed to ask and learn from people below. 不耻下问。

Asia[5eIFE] n.亚洲:China is in the east of Asia. 中国位于亚洲东部。/ Our factory exports to Southeast Asia. 我厂向东南亚出口产品。

Asian[5eIFEn] n.[C]亚洲人 adj.亚洲的,亚洲人的:The First East Asian Games were held in Shanghai in 1993. 第1届东亚运动会于1993年在上海举行。

ask[B:sk] v.问,要求;请求:Since you ask, I will tell you. 你既然问,我就告诉你。He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。

【短语】ask for sth 请求,向…要 / ask sb for sth 请某人给某物 / ask after 问候(身体健康) / ask about 打听,查询

asleep[E5sli:p] adj.睡着的:He fell asleep during the lesson. 他在上课时睡着了。

【用法】1. 通常只用作表语,不能单独放在名词前作定语,不说 an asleep child,可改说a sleeping child2.汉语说“睡得很熟”,英语习惯上用 fast [sound] asleep,而不说 very (much, very much) asleep

assistant[E5sIstEnt] n.[C]助手,助教,图书馆管理员:shop assistant 店员 / assistant engineer 助理工程师 / assistant manager 副经理

astonish[Es5tRnIF]vt.使惊讶,使吃惊:The news astonished everybody. 这消息使人人感到惊讶。/ I was astonished at [by] the news.=I was astonished to hear the news. 听到这消息我很吃惊。

at[At, Et] prep.在,于;向,对准;因为,由于;在…方面;(表示速度、程度、价格等)以,按:He lives at 35 Manchester Road, London. 他住在伦敦曼彻斯特路35号。/ Everybody, we begin at page 50 today. 各位,我们今天从第50页开始。/ At the news he became excited. 一听到这消息,他变得很激动。/ He bought it at (the price of) 50 dollars. 他以50美元的价格买下了它。

attack[E5tAk] v.攻击 n.[C,U]进攻;(疾病)侵袭,发作:Wolves will not usually attack humans. 狼通常不会袭击人。

attempt[E5tempt] v.& n.尝试,试图:She made every attempt. 她尽一切努力。/ She attempted to get [getting] in touch with them. 她企图和他们联系上。

【用法】1.后接动词作宾语时,该动词可用不定式,也可用动名词。2. make an attempt 后接动词表示试图做某事时,该动词可用不定式或用at doing sth 的形式。

attend[E5tend] v.出席,参加;看护,照料,护理;注意:He didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill. 他因病没有出席会议。/ I’ll attend to the matter. 这事我来处理。/ I’m too busy. I can’t attend to you now. 我很忙,现在不能接待你。

attention[E5tenFEn] n.[U]留心,注意:Please give it your attention. 请关注此事。/ He called our attention to what he said. 他提醒我们注意他说的话。

【用法】pay [give, bring] attention to 等短语中的 to 是介词,后接动词时用动名词:He gives all his attention to making money. 他的注意力完全集中在赚钱上。

attract[E5trAkt] vt.吸引、引起(兴趣,注意),招引:The film attracts a large audience. 这部电影吸引很多观众。/ Newton found that all masses attract each other. 牛顿发现所有的物质都相互吸引。

August[5R:gEst] n.八月(缩写Aug.):August 1 is our Army’s Day. 8月1日是我国建军节。

aunt[B:nt] n.[C]姨,姑,伯母,舅母,婶:Aunt Polly 波莉姑妈

Australia[Rs5treIljE] n.澳洲,澳大利亚:Don’t confuse Austria with [and] Australia. 不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混淆了。

Australian[Rs5treIlIEn] n. [C]澳大利亚人 adj.澳大利亚(人)的:The Australians speak English. 澳大利亚人说英语。

author[5R:WE] n.[C]作家,创造者:The book has a preface written by the author. 该书有作者写的序言。

autumn[5R:tEm] n.[C,U]秋天,秋季:In autumn the leaves change from green to brown. 秋天树叶由绿变黄。/ the Moon Festival=the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节

average[5AvErIdV] n.[C]平均(数) adj.平常的,平均的 v.平均为,求…的平均数:An average of 10 students are absent each day. 平均每天有10个学生缺席。/ What was the average temperature yesterday? 昨天的平均气温是多少? / He is just an average student. 他只是个普通的学生。/ He averages two trips a year. 他平均每年旅游两次。

【短语】above the average 中上 / below the average 中下 / on (the, an) average 平均,按平均数计算,一般地说

awake[E5weIk] v.(awoke, awoken / awaked)醒,唤醒;使醒adj.(作表语)醒着的:The baby is awake. 婴儿是醒的。/ He is awake to the serious problem. 他已意识到了这个严重的问题。

【用法】1.用作动词时,相当于 wake up,但本身通常不与副词 up 连用。2.用作形容词时,只用作表语,不作定语;要表示“完全醒着”,不用 very 修饰,而用 wide, fully, thoroughly 等修饰。

away[E5weI] adv.离开;远离:My birthday is two months away. 我的生日还有两个月。

【短语】right away 马上 / straight away 马上 / far away 在远处