魏刚参谋长照片:英语巧读快记速成教学资料(七)

英语巧读快记速成教学资料(七)
表示群的集合名词及其表量的名词巧读速记
                                                           重庆南开中学 李鑫 编
下面列出常见表示群的英语集合名词，
用于“a +名词 +of(定语)+ 名词”的词组可供同学们巧读速记:
集合名词 可配名词(词组):
an arm of一股 sea一海股/lake
an army of军队 10,000 soldiers一支一万士兵的军队
a bench of一群 judges法官/scholars学者
a board of委员会 directors董事会/ interviewers口试委员会
a body of 一团 water一片水域
a bouquet of一束 flowers一束花
a bunch of一束 flowers一束花/keys一串钥匙
a bundle of一捆 hay干草/sticks柴禾
a catch of一网鱼 fish一网鱼
a chain of一串 mountain山峦
a class of一班 students一班学生
a cloud of一群 birds飞鸟/horsemen骑手/insects一群昆虫/locusts蝗虫
a cluster of一群 animals一群动物/cats一群猫/flowers一簇花
/horses一群马 /people一群人/stars星群
a college of一群 bees蜜蜂
a collection of一批 books藏书/stamps珍藏邮票
crew全体船员
a crowd of一群人 people一群人
a drive of一群 cattle/cows/oxen/ 一群牛
family一家人
a fleet of一队 cars汽车/warships战舰
a flight of一群 birds一群飞鸟/locusts蝗虫/ planes一队飞机
/stares一段楼梯/steps一段阶梯
a flock of一群 birds鸟/chickens鸡/geese鹅 /goats羊/sheep羊/people人
a gong of一伙;群 boys男孩/robbers强盗/thieves贼/workers一伙工人
a group of一群 islands岛屿/Red Army men红军students一群学生
a herd of一群 cattle牛/cows奶牛/elephants象/horses马/pigs猪/wolves狼
a horde of一群 savages野人
a party of一群 dancers一群跳舞人
a pride of一群 lions一群狮子/peacocks孔雀
a school of一群 fish鱼/whales鲸
a series of一系列 events事件
a set of一套 Mao Zedong's works一套毛选
a suite of一套 furniture家具/rooms房间
a team of一队 players选手/horses马/cattle牛
a troop of一队 horsemen骑手/monkeys猴/soldiers士兵 /tigers虎
A+名词+of 的词组作定语，能放在这种词组中的英语名词与中文量词相当。
下面是能放在这种词组中的英语名词,供同学们巧读速记:
a basin of water一盆水 a basket of eggs一篮蛋 a barrel of gun-powder一桶火药
a bit of warmth一点温暖 a block of ice一大块冰 a bottle of ink一瓶墨水
a bowl of rice一碗米饭 a burst of laughter一阵笑声 a copy of book一本书
a chain of keys一串钥匙 a couple of young people一对年轻人
a drop of water一滴水 a glass of tea一杯茶 a grain of wheat一粒麦
a handful of seeds一把种子
a kind of tree一种树 a jar of sand一坛沙 a line of words一行单词
a mass of dirt一团脏物 a meal of rice一餐饭 a package of sugar一包糖
a pair of shoes一双鞋 a mouthful of rice一口饭 a packet of hay一捆草
a pail of water一桶水 a part of family家庭的一部分
a piece of paper一张纸 a pile of rubbish一堆拉圾 a room of books一屋书
a row of showcases一排陈列柜 a scence of play一场戏
a schoolbag of books一书包书 a sheet of paper一张纸 a sort of man一种人
a suit of clothes一套衣服 a type of living creature一种生物
a tray of rings一盘戒指
表示“大量，许多”和“少量；不多”的“a+...+of”固定词组:
a large amount of money大量金钱 a good many of books大量的书籍
a great many of peoples许多的民族 a great deal of sugar大量的糖
a large quantity of mould大量的霉菌 a lot of money大量的钱/people许多人
a number of enemies许多敌人 a great number of people一大批人
the number of workers工人数量
英语读启式巧读快记速成教学资料(八)
国家、国籍、语言、货币巧读速记一览表
                                                               重庆南开中学 李鑫 编
下面将中学英语所学以及与重要国家有关的国名、国籍、语言、货币单位
及形容词归纳总结如下，供同学们巧读速记:
Nation国家名 (单)       people人民(复)      language语言         money货币      adj.形容词
Australia澳大利亚  (an)the Australians        English英语           Dollar元         Australian
Austria奥地利         (an)the Austrians           German德语          Schilling          Austrian
Belgium比利时       (a) the Belgians             Flemish佛兰芒语 Franc法郎        Belgian
Britain不列颠          a Briton/the British       English                   Pound英镑       British
Canada加拿大        (a) the Canadians           English                   Dollar元          Canadian
Chain中国               (a) the Chinese              Chinese汉语           Yuan元            Chinese
Denmark丹麦          (a) the Danes                 Danish                     Krone克朗      Danish
Egypt埃及                (an)the Egyptians          Arabic阿拉伯语     Pound镑          Egyptian
England英国            an Englishman/the English  English              Pound               English
Finland芬兰              (a) the Finns                Finnish                     Markka            Finnish
France法国 a Frenchman/the French French法语 Franc法郎 French
Germany德国 (a) the Germans German德语 Mark马克 German
Greece希腊 (a) the Greeks Greek Drachma维拉克马 Greek
Greenland格林兰 (an)the Eskimos爱斯基摩人 Danish丹麦语 Krone Eskimo
Holland荷兰 a Dutchman/the Dutch Dutch荷兰语 Dutch
Hungary匈牙利 (a) the Hungarians Magyar马扎尔语 Hungarian
Iceland冰岛 (an)the Icelanders Icelandic冰岛语 krona克朗 Icelandic
India印度 (an)the Indians Hindustani兴都斯坦语 Rupee卢比 Indian
Iran伊朗 (an)the Iranians Persian波斯语 Rial里亚尔 Iranian
Iraq伊拉克 (an)the Iraqis Irak Dinar地纳尔 Iraqi
Ireland爱尔兰 an Irishman/the Irish English pound Irish
Israel以色列 (an)the Israelis Hebrew希伯来语 Israel
Italy意大利 (an)the Italians Italian Lira里拉 Italian
Japan日本 (a) the Japanese Japanese Yen日元 Japanese
Mexico墨西哥 (a) the Mexican Spanish西班牙语 Peso比索 Mexican
New Zealand (a) the New Zealanders English Dollar New Zealand
Norway挪威 (a)the Norwegians Norwegian Krone Norwegian
Poland波兰 (a)the poles Polish Zloty兹罗提 Polish
Portugal葡萄牙 (a)the Portuguese Portuguese Escudo埃斯库多 Portuguese
Scotland苏格兰 a Scotsman/the Scottish English Pound Scottish
Spain西班牙 a Spaniard/the Spanish Spanish Peseta比塞塔 Spanish
Sweden瑞典 a Swede/the Swedish Swedish Krone Swedish
Switzerland瑞士(a) the Swiss F/G/Ital. Franc Swiss
the U.S.A (an)the Americans English Dollar美元＄ American
the U.S.S.R (a) the Russians Russian Rouble卢布 Russian
Wales威尔士 a Welshman/the Welsh English Pound Welsh
英语读启式巧读快记速成教学资料(九)
英语中有性别区分的名词巧读快记
                                                                 重庆南开中学 李鑫 编
下面列出英语中常见的有性别区分的名词，供学们巧读快记。
阳性名词 阴性名词 中性通称(复数)  阳性名词 阴性名词         中性通称(复数)
actor          actress        actor(s)演员        author        authoress            author(s)作家
boy男孩   girl女孩      child(Children)    brother(s)  sister(s)
bull公牛 cow奶牛 cattle/elephant(s)     cock公鸡 hen母鸡                bird(s)
dog bitch  dog(s) 狗                                emperor皇帝 empress女皇    (-s/es)
father父    mother母    parent(s)               fox/vix          Vixen                 fox(s)狐
gander      goose          geese 鹅              gentleman先生 lady太太
god          goddess       god(s)神              headmaster       headmastress   (s/es)校长
he-bear    she-bear      bear(s)熊             he-goat             she-goat           goat(s)山羊
hero          heroine       hero(es)英雄        hog                 sow                  pig(s)猪
horse        mare            horse(s)马             hunter            huntress            hunter(s)猎人
husband夫 wife妻                                    king王            queen后
lad小伙    lass少女      young people        landlord           landlady           (s/es)地主
lion           lioness        lion(s)狮               lord                 lady                    (s/es)
man          woman                                      manager           manageress        (s/es)经理
manservant maidservant   (s)仆人            master               mistress             (s/es)主人
mayor         mayoress       (s/es)市长        monk和尚        nun尼姑              (s)
murderer    murderess      (s/es)凶手        Negro               Negress             Black(s)黑人
nephew侄儿 niece侄女 (s)                     nobleman         noblewoman      (men)贵族
peacock      peahen           peacock(s) 孔雀 poet              poetess              (s/es)诗人
prince公子  princess公主  (s/es)              sir先生          madam太太          (s)
son儿          daughter女      tailor裁缝          tailoress/     dressmaker
tiger             tigress            tiger(s)虎           traitor           traitress 叛徒
uncle叔        aunt婶                                       waiter          waitress 侍者
widower鳏夫 widow寡妇                          wolf             bitch                    wolves狼
英语巧读快记速成教学材料(十)
美国英语与英国英语的区别巧读快记:                                                  重庆南开中学 李鑫 编
下面归纳美国人和英国人在拼写时有区别的一些单词，供同学们巧读速记:
美国英语      词 义        英国英语              美国英语         词 义        英国英语
aireplane       飞机            airoplane               apartment           公寓         flat
utomobile       汽车           car                         bill                     纸币         note
can                  罐头          tin                          candy                  糖果         sweets
check             账单            bill                        closet                  厨柜         cupboard
date               约会            engagement            eye-glasses         眼镜         spectacles
elevator         电梯            lift                          freshman            新生         first-year student
fall                秋天            autumn                    gas(oline)           汽油         petrol
grade school小学              primary                  school great        很好         very good
honor            荣誉              honour                    inquire               要求         enquire
kid                小孩             child                        line                    排队          queue
math              数学             maths                      movie                 影片           film
railroad         铁路            railway                   schedule             时间表       time-table
semester       学期              term                         shot                  注射           injection
sick               病                 ill                            sidewalk           人行道       pavement
store             店                 shop                          subway             地铁          underground
theater         电影院          cinema                       truck                卡车            lorry
the movie     电影             the picture                 undershirt          汗衫           vest
vacation       假日             holiday                     vest                    背心           waistcoat
Do you have? /                 Have you...?               have gotten                            have got
different from /                 different                      to night             /                   on night
stay home             /           stay at home                  -er→re                               ize→ise
英语读启式教学资料(十)
以 and 联起的成对使用的固定词组和成语                                                              重庆南开中学 李鑫 编

英语中有某些词因 and 把它们联系到一起，结十分紧密，
已成为固定词组或成语。这些词组和成语是不能随意颠倒词序的；
而且通常不用冠词。
现将中学英语中常见的带 and 的成对词组和成语归纳如下，供同学们巧读速记:
again and again再三地                                    art and part参与策划
back and forth来回地                                       bed and breakfast食宿
bits and pieces残剩物                                      black and white黑白相间的
(keep)body and soul维持生计                         boys and girls男女孩们
bread and butter生计                                       bread and cheese食品；生计
by and by 顺便说一下                                    come and go来来往往
cause and effect因果                                       day and night日日夜夜
day in and day out天天                                    down and out穷困潦倒
each and all全部                                              east and west从东到西
eat and drink饮食                                             enough and to spare绰绰有余
fair and square正大光明                                 far and away无疑地
far and near远近                                              far and wide到处
few and far between稀少                               (play)fast and loose反复无常
fire and water水火                                          first and foremost首先
first and last总共                                             fits and starts一阵一阵
free and easy 不拘形式                                  for good and all长期地
for ever and ever永远                                     fun and games娱乐
give and take平等交换                                   good and bad坏极了
good and cold冷极了                                     good and sweet 甜极了
great and small大小人物                                hammer and tongs力以赴
hand and foot完全地                                       hard and fast 严格地
hat and coat衣帽                                             heart and soul全心全意的
heat and cold 寒暑                                          hide and seek 捉迷藏
heaven and earth天地;尽全力                        heavy and light轻重
here and there各处                                         high and dry无援
high and low高低贵贱                                   high and mighty不可一世的
hole and corner秘密的                                   horse and cart马车
hot and cold冷热                                            husband and wife夫妻
ifs and buts假设与转折                                 in and out进进出出
ins and outs详情                                            iron and steel钢铁
king and queen王与后                                   knife and fork刀叉
land and sea陆海                                          law and order治安
lot and lots of许多                                        meat and potatoes基本的
men and women男男女女                             mom-and-pop夫妻店
near and dear极亲密的                                 north and south从南到北
neck and neck并驾齐驱                                now and again不时
now and then 不时                                        odds and ends残剩物
off and on有时                                             old and grey老人
old and new新旧                                          on and on 不停地
one and another一个又一个                         one and only唯一的
open-and-shut一目了然的                           out and about病后外出走动
out and away远远地                                     out and out
over and above 除...外                                 over head and ears深陷于
over and over反复地                                    pen and ink笔墨
pots and pans炊具                                        pure and simple完全地
rain and shine风雨无阻                                rich and poor贫富
right and left左右；四方                              rise and fall兴亡；起伏
rough and ready粗糙能用                            round and round旋转不息
safe and sound安然无恙                             (be)short and sweet简短扼要
(at)sixes and sevens乱七八糟                    skin and bones瘦得皮包骨
song and dance无味闲话                            sports and games体育运动
sun and moon日月                                        the long and the short of总之
this and that各种各样                                 then and there当时当地
there and back往返                                    through thick and thin不畏艰险
through and through完全地                        thus and thus如此这般
time and tide岁月                                     to and fro来回地
to fill and bill解决问提                           to pick and choose挑剔
tooth and nail尽力地                                touch and go快速行动；一触即发之势
turn and turn about轮流地                       up and down来回地
ups and downs盛衰                                ways and means方式；方法
wear and tear折磨；损耗                      well and good很好
winter and summer冬夏                           women and children妇女儿童
young and old老老少少                          day after day日复一日
one after another (>2);                            one after the other (=2)一个接一个
day by day逐日                                       month by month逐月
year by year逐年                                   inch by inch逐渐地
little by little逐渐地                              word for word逐词对应
neither here nor there不关紧要              hand in hand手挽手
more or less差不多                                to sink or swim不管怎样
sooner or later迟早                                without fear or favor公正地
end to end首尾相接地                            head to head近战
heart to heart贴心地
英语读启式教学资料(十一)
有关体育运动术语的巧读速记
                                                                      重庆南开中学 李鑫 编
下面列出常用的一些有关体育运动的术语，供同学们巧读速记:
运动项目            场 地           器 具           裁 判                   记 分
badminton            court            racket       umpire                      game       march point
羽毛                    球                 球拍         场                             局                  分
baseball棒球      pitch bat拍;    ball          umpire                      run 分
basketball篮球    court              ball 球     referee                       point分
cards 纸牌          card-table       cards牌    ... frick 墩；             game盘
chess象棋           chess-board棋盘 chessmen棋子                     ... game 局；盘
football足球       field               ball            referee                     goal分
table-tennis table bat拍                              umpire                      point分;      game盘
tennis网球            court         racket拍        umpire                     point分;       set 盘
volleyball排球     court           ball球          umpire                    point分;       game盘
以上所有体育运动都称为 game,如可用短语 a game of football;
其它的一些带有-ing 的体育运动则该称为 sport,即可说a sport of boxing。
这两个名称不可混淆；不可替换，请注意。下面都是称为 sport 的体育运动:
boxing 拳击           climbing 爬山             diving 跳水        fencing击剑
fishing钓鱼             horse-racing 赛马      hunting 打猎       jumping 跳高
motor-racing赛车  mountaineering登山    field events 田赛项目
rowing划船            running跑步                shooting射击
skating滑冰            swimming游泳           water-skiing 滑水
weight-lifting举重