九乡新闻网高新区水电管理处绵阳:散步比咖啡更能提神
来源：百度文库 编辑：九乡新闻网 时间：2024/05/04 22:45:29
A growing body of research suggests nature walks may be more restorative than traditional stimulants like caffeine. David Biello reports
据大卫.比艾罗报道，越来越多的研究表明，相较于传统的兴奋剂，如咖啡因，野外散步可能更能提神。
Stressed out by the 10th anniversary of 9/11, the double-dip recession or just the day to day grind of modern life? Need a break? Don't turn to alcohol or caffeine, try a nature walk instead.
为9.11十周年，二次衰退的压力或者说仅仅是现代生活日复一日的压力折磨所累，需要好好休息一下？不要求助于酒精或者咖啡因，试着尝试一下野外散步吧！
That's according to a growing body of research from psychologists that examines what really produces mental refreshment in humans. For example, a study from 2008 showed that walking through an arboretum boosted people's performance on memory tests. And a 2005 study showed that even just looking at a picture of nature had a similar, though more muted effect.
这是根据心理学家有关人类提神物质的源泉的大量研究而提出的。例如，2008的一个研究表明在植物园中漫步能显著提高人类的记忆力；与此同时，05年的一个研究表明即使是仅仅盯着一副自然风光画也能产生类似的、相对温和的效果。
Journalist Richard Louv has proposed that depriving kids of nature has produced a cohort of children with attention problems, obesity and the like. He dubbed it "nature deficit disorder." And a 2009 study in the Journal of Attention Disorders found that children with attention problems concentrate better after a walk in the park.
新闻工作者理查德.勒夫就提出剥夺儿童享受大自然权利的行为产生了一大群有注意力障碍、过度肥胖以及类似问题的孩子。他称之为“大自然缺乏症”。2009年《注意力障碍年报》一个研究就发现有注意力障碍的儿童在公园中散步后集中力有相应改善。
Of course, there are a wide range of reasons why some kids today have attention issues, including stress. That goes double for adults. But if you're in need of some tranquility, a walk in the woods may beat a cup of coffee.
—David Biello
当然，关于当今一些儿童的注意力问题，原因有很多，其中包括压力等等。而这些对于大人来说更为严重。但是如果你急需片刻的宁静，丛林中的一次漫步可能比一杯咖啡更能满足你。
--大卫.比艾罗
原文地址：http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=need-a-break-try-nature-11-09-11
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发出的其它声音上来看，“说话”并未显得那么不可或缺。相比而言，狗儿们在交流方面的其它能力可能更为重要些。
狗儿们的交流不用语言，它们用尾巴、耳朵、胡须、嘴和身体姿态来告诉我们它们在想些什么， 并且有时，一旦你想找什么东西，它们会给你出乎意料的默契。你可以从狗的站姿以及背部形状得到很多基础信息，明白它们想要表达什么。
狗的腿和爪子也用于表达感情，而且，背部和腿所表达的信息相对都较容易被人们读懂。通过观察耳朵、嘴、尾巴以及眼睛的动作，人们能发现狗儿给我们的明显信息。当它们的腿四腿紧绷，四个落脚点构成一个矩形的时候，这时说明狗儿极具对抗性。这是它们由于或这或那的原因高度兴奋的迹象。狗儿“从容”的姿势是腿部放松放置而非紧绷。
tches everybody’s attention in any photography. It may be natural or manmade, but it’s awesome either way. I’ve done my research and found some cool symmetrical images.
Let’s take a look of these 30 stunning Examples of symmetrical Pictures.
在任何摄影技术中，对称技巧绝对夺人眼球。无论是自然的、还是手工的，都非常让人惊叹。我做了一些研究，发现一些很酷的对称图片。
让我们来看看这30张让人惊叹的对称图片的例子。
01. Symmetrical Aberration
01. 对称性像差
02. Symmetrical Stairs
02. 对称的楼梯
03. Symmetrical
03. 对称的房子
04. Symetrique
04. 对称性
05. BIg Ben symmetrical
05. 对称的大本钟
06. Symmetrical Harmony
06. 和谐的对称
07. Symmetrical Stairs
07. 对称的楼梯
08. symmetrical tower
08. 对称的塔楼
09. The Symmetrical Soldiers
09. 对称的战士们
10. symmetrical-sunset
10. 对称的日落
11. Symmetrical
11. 对称
12. symetrique
12. 对称性
13. Symmetrical design
13. 对称的设计
14. Symmetrical architecture
14. 对称的建筑结构
15. Double Helix Symmetry
15. 双螺旋对称
16. symmetrical cherries
16. 对称的樱花树
17. corner view
17. 角度对称
18. symmetrical
18. 对称
19. Flexion symétrique
19. 宝宝的曲体对称
20. sieste symétrique
20. 午后打盹的对称
21. Par(v)is Symétrique
21. 对称的广场
22. Baha’i Garden
22. 巴哈伊花园
23. The Doldrums: Symmetrical
23. 赤道的无风海域：幽静的对称
24. Dare Photography: paths
24. 戴尔的摄影：对称的石头小径
25. Eileen Kathryn Boyd
25. 艾琳.凯瑟琳.博德：对称的房间
26. by LooknFeel
26. LooknFeel拍摄：对称古树
27. Putrajaya from PICC
27. 布城国际会展中心
28. Positive & Negative Side
28. 正面与负面
29. Garden of Bahji, Akka , Palestine
29. 巴勒斯坦，阿卡的巴哈伊公园
30. Jardine du Palais Royal
30. 巴黎的皇宫花园
About the Author
BBL is the creator and editor of BestFreeWebResources . He is also a Computer Engineer that strongly believes in sharing exciting information with the community. If you’d like to connect with him, head on over to the contact page and follow him on Twitter: @bestfreewebres
关于作者：
在这里输入译文BBL是“最好的免费网页资源”站点的创始人和编辑。他也是一名电脑工程师，非常喜欢与众人一起分享让人兴奋的信息。如果你想联系他，直接到联系页面，在“推特”上关注他： @bestfreewebres.
~
ckens have a remarkable ability to choose the father of their eggs.Wily hens have evolved the ability to eject the sperm of unsuitable mates say researchers working with Swedish birds.
科学家发现母鸡对配偶的选择具有非凡的能力
瑞典禽类研究者发现狡猾的母鸡进化出选择精子的能力。
Promiscuous roosters try to ensure that their genes are passed on by mating with as many females as possible.
公鸡常常试图确保其基因能够尽可能多的遗传。
But by removing the genetic material of males they consider socially inferior, the hens have managed to retain control of paternity.
但考虑到种群的优化，母鸡成功的保留控制父系后裔的能力。
Many species ranging from zebras to insects use the strategy of sperm ejection - but the evolutionary ideas behind it are often uncertain.
从斑马到昆虫等物种都保留射精的方法，但其进化理论仍旧不可捉摸。
Among birds, male Dunnocks force females to eject the sperm of other suitors in order to protect their own genes.
鸟类中，公篱雀会强迫母篱雀拒绝其他求爱者以确保其基因的遗传。
But this research indicates that among chickens, the battle of the sexes seems to be all about female empowerment.
但此研究表明，两性的争斗最终是以雌性获胜的。
Working with feral fowl in Sweden, the scientists found that many matings were forced, as the roosters are twice the size of the hens.
在瑞典研究野生禽类时，科学家发现许多交配是被强制的，因为公鸡的体积是母鸡的两倍。
To cope with the unwanted attention, females have evolved the ability to remove the ejaculate of those males they consider undesirable.
为避免不必要的基因，雌性可以将不良的精子排出。
Dr Rebecca Dean from Oxford University carried out the study. She said: "It's really important for females to have the best male sperm to fertilise her eggs, so if she can't choose before copulation, then having a mechanism to choose after copulation could really increase her evolutionary fitness."
英国牛津大学丽贝卡迪恩博士带领此项研究，她说：“对于雌性来说优良的受精卵至关重要，如果在交配前它无法选择，那么在之后也会自动进行筛选以保证进化的优良。
Even when unforced, the females still exercised their right to choose by opting to eject the sperm of males they considered to be at the bottom of the pecking order.
即使不是强迫的，雌性仍旧有权利选择其配偶。
With the reproductive odds stacked against them, these low-status roosters have fought back by developing larger ejaculates in the hope of increasing their chances of passing on their genes.
在此种繁衍的方式下，为提高基因遗传的几率，公鸡会增多精子的数量以应对繁衍上的劣势。
Hens eject more sperm from socially subordinate males
母鸡不接受低等公鸡的精子
But according to Dr Dean, the shrewd females have worked out a way of dealing with this tactic as well.但根据Dean博士所说，精明的雌性可以应对这种把戏。
但根据迪恩博士所说，精明的雌性可以应对这种把戏。
"We found that hens will eject a greater proportion of the ejaculate from socially subordinate males, so she is in this way favouring the dominant males both before and after ejaculation," she said.
她说：“母鸡会把多数低等的遗传因子排出体外，以确保其统治地位。
The scientists explain that domestic fowl would certainly use a similar tactic, but normally they have fewer mating choices than their wild Swedish cousins.
科学家解释家禽也会用到此种方法，但比起瑞典野生的亲戚，它们的交配选择就少了很多。
The research has been published in the journal American Naturalist.
研究发表于《美国自然杂志》
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