九乡新闻网陈遗:如何冻结和杀死微生物
来源：百度文库 编辑：九乡新闻网 时间：2024/04/27 16:35:26
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Microbes are tiny, one-celled organisms.微生物是微小的，单细胞生物体。 The microbe family includes bacteria, viruses and fungi.的微生物家庭包括细菌，病毒和真菌。 Our world is dependent on microbes.我们的世界是对微生物的依赖。 They are everywhere -- in the air we breathe, inside our bodies and the food we eat.它们无处不在 - 在我们呼吸的空气，在我们的身体和我们吃的食物内。 Some are beneficial and others are harmful.有些是有益的，别人都是有害的。 According to the Berkley Wellness Center, freezing does not kill most microbes, but puts them in a dormant state.据伯克利分校健康中心，冻结不杀死大多数微生物，但使它们处于休眠状态。 However, there is a way to kill harmful microbes that may be present in food.然而，有一种方法杀灭有害微生物可能存在于食物中。
- Difficulty:难度：
- Moderately Easy适度宽松
Instructions 说明
Things You'll Need 这就是你需要
- Freezer 冰箱
- Freezer wrap 冷冻包装
- Cooking source 烹饪源
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Freeze meat and poultry in its original packaging, as recommended by the USDA.冻结在其原包装，肉类和家禽由美国农业部的建议。 For long-term freezing, wrap the packaging in additional freezer-safe wrap.对于长期冷冻，包装中额外的安全冷冻包装包装。 Freeze unopened vacuum packages as is.冻结未开封的真空包装。 Freeze food at 0 degrees F to inactivate microbes.冷冻食品在0摄氏度灭活微生物。 Keep a thermometer in your freezer to be certain that freezing temperature is maintained.请在你的冰箱温度计，被冻结的温度保持。
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Thaw your food in the refrigerator, in cold water or in the microwave, according to the USDA; those are the safest ways.你的食物在冰箱里解冻，在冷水中，或在微波，根据美国农业部;这些是最安全的方法。 When using the cold water method, place food in a waterproof plastic bag before immersing in water to keep additional microbes from contaminating the food.在使用了防水塑料袋浸泡在水中，防止污染食品的其他微生物之前冷水的方法，放置食品。 Make sure the water stays cold.确保水保持冷。
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Cook food thoroughly to kill microbes.煮熟食物彻底杀灭细菌。 Poultry should be cooked to a minimum internal temperature of 165 degrees F at a cooking temperature of at least 325 degrees F. Cook beef, veal and lamb steaks, roasts and chops to a safe minimum internal temperature of 145 degrees F, pork to 160 degrees and ground beef, veal and lamb to 160 degrees.应煮熟家禽在烹调温度至少325度F.煮牛肉，小牛肉和羊肉的牛排，烤肉和印章到一个安全的最低楼，猪肉160度，145度的内部温度165华氏度的内部温度最低地面牛肉，小牛肉和羊肉160度。 These temperatures are recommended by the USDA for safety and not desired level of doneness.这些温度是由美国农业部推荐为安全起见，不希望煮熟水平。
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Tips & Warnings 提示：
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Food should be frozen promptly after returning from the grocery store or market.食品应冷冻后及时返回从杂货店或市场。
References 参考文献
- Berkeley Wellness Center: Does Freezing Kill Bacteria in Food? 伯克利分校健康中心：冷冻杀死食物中的细菌？
- USDA: Safe Food Handling USDA：食品安全处理
- USDA: How Temperature Affects Food 美国农业部：温度如何影响食品