锁芯结构图:Unit 12)

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新目标英语七年级上册重、难点剖析(Unit 12)

Unit 12 My favorite subject is science.

1. —What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么?

—My favorite subject is science(P71). 我最喜爱的科目是理科。

favorite用作形容词时,意为“最喜欢的”,“特别喜欢的”,可在句中作定语修饰名词。注意:favorite与like都有“喜爱”的意思,但它们的词性不同,在句子中所处的位置

也不同,favorite常与like…best互换使用。如:

His favorite sport is basketball.

= He likes basketball best. 我最喜欢篮球。

What is your most favorite color?

=What color do you like best? 你最喜欢什么颜色?

favorite用作名词时,意为“特别喜欢的人或物”,是可数名词。如:

These novels are my favorites. 这些小说是我最喜欢的。

His English teacher is his favorite. 他的英语老师是他最喜欢的人。

2.—Why do you like math? 你为什么喜欢数学?

—Because it’s interesting. (P72) 因为它很有趣。

疑问词why意为“为什么”,相当于What…for? 用来提问原因,其问句常常用because引导的句子来回答。如:

—Why are you late for school? 为什么你上学迟到?

—Because it is raining. 因为在下雨。

because是连词,意为“因为”,其后接句子,用来说明原因。在汉语中,表示因果关系一般用“因为……所以……”,但在英语中,because (因为)与so(所以) 只能用一个,在同一个句子中两者不能同时出现。

试译:因为我太忙,所以我不能同你出去。

误:Because I am very busy, so I can’t go out with you.

正:Because I am very busy, I can’t go out with you.

正:I am very busy, so I can’t go out with you.

3.—Who is your science teacher? 你的理科老师是谁?

—My science teacher is Mr. Wang.(P73) 我的理科老师是王老师。

who是疑问代词,它引导的特殊疑问句对人提问,意为“谁”,也可以做表语。who做主语时,用“who+谓语+其它?”的句型,并且通常who被认为是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词要与其保持一致。如:

—Who helps you do housework? 谁帮助你做家务?

—Mary. 玛丽。

who做表语时,用“who + be +主语”的句型,系动词be随主语的数而变化,主语是单数第三人称用is,主语是复数用are。如:

—Who’s this man? 这个人是谁?

—He’s Jack’s father. 他是杰克的父亲。

—Who are these girls? 这些女孩是谁?

—They are Joan and Kate. 她们是琼和凯特。

4. —When do you have math? 你什么时候上数学课?

—I have math on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. (P74) 我星期一、星期三、星期五上数学课。

1) have math意为“上数学课”,have用来表示“上……课”。注意:表示科目的名词前一般没有冠词。如:

They are having Chinese in the classroom. 他们正在教室里上语文课。

We have physics on Friday. 星期五我们上物理课。

2) 介词on意为“在……时候”,常用于星期、日期前或用于morning,afternoon,evening,night,day前有描绘性修饰语或带有of等引起的后置修饰语时,也可用于公共节假日前。如:

I have a rest on Sunday. 星期天我休息。

What are you going to do on Monday morning? 星期一早上你打算做什么?

He was born on the night of May 10th. 他出生在五月十日的晚上。

On Children’s Day, all the children are very happy. 在儿童节,所有的孩子都很高兴。

5. I’m really busy. ((P75) 我的确很忙。

busy是形容词,意为“忙的”;“繁忙”,在句中可用作表语,也可用作定语。如:

We are very busy now. 我们现在很忙。

He is a busy man. 他是个忙人。

注意:busy虽然有“忙”的意思,但busy只表示人“忙”,而不表示工作“忙”。所以主语一般用表示人的名词或代词,而不用work。

试译:我父亲的工作很忙。

误:My father’s work is very busy.

正:My father is very busy.

6. Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tired after class. (P75) 我们的老师非常严格,下课后我通常很疲劳。

1) strict是形容词,意为“严格的”;“严厉的”,通常与be动词连用,表示“对某人严厉”,用be strict with somebody结构。如:

Mr. White is very strict with his son. 怀特先生对他儿子要求很严格。

We should be strict with ourselves. 我们应该对自己要求严格。

表示“对某事要求严格”,用be strict in something结构。如:

Our boss is strict in our work. 我们的老板对我们的工作要求严格。

2)tired是形容词,意为“累的”;“疲倦的”,常与系动词be,get,feel连用,用作表语。如:

We are very tired. 我们很累了。

My mother gets tired after work. 工作后我妈妈感到很累。

I feel tired. 我觉得累了。

7. I don’t like any subject. (P76) 我什么科目都不喜欢。

辨析:some 与any:

some和any作定语时,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,some多用于肯定句,意为“一些”;“若干”。如:

Tom has some good friends at school. 汤姆在学校有一些好朋友。

There is some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。

any多用于否定句、疑问句,有“什么”;“一些”的意思。如:

There aren’t any trees behind the house. 房子后面什么树都没有。

Is there any bread on the table? 桌子上有面包吗?

注意:1) any也可用于肯定句中,表示“任何的”。如:

Any man knows that。任何人都知道那件事。

2)some也可用于表示提出建议,邀请或请求等的疑问句中。如:

Can I have some meat? 我可以吃点肉吗?

Will you give me some pencils? 请给我几支铅笔好吗?

8. After class I have volleyball for two hours. (P75)下课后我打两个小时的排球。

句中的for为介词,可以在后面接表示一段时间的词,“for + 一段时间”表示“持续多长时间”。如:

He stays here for an hour every day. 他每天都在这儿待一个小时。

I do some reading for twenty minutes every morning. 每天早上我朗读二十分钟。

9. I like to play with my dog, Nick. (P76)我喜欢与我的狗尼克一起玩。

句中的play with意为“和……一起玩”。如:

Can you come out to play with me? 你可以出来和我一起玩吗?

play with还可以解作“玩弄”;“玩耍”。如:

The boy is playing with his toy car. 那个男孩在玩他的玩具汽车。

Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。

10. “What is your favorite subject?” Miss Wang asks me. (P76) 王老师问我:“你最喜欢的科目是什么?”

ask为动词,意为“问”,“提问”,后接名词、代词作宾语,也可接双宾语结构。如:

She is asking my name. 她在问我的姓名。

He likes to ask the teacher questions. 他喜欢向老师提问题。

ask还可作“要求”;“请求”,常用于ask somebody to do something结构中。如:

Ask him to sit down. 请他坐下。

Why don’t you ask my brother to come here too? 为什么不叫我弟弟也到这里来呢?

    11. But his “subject” is only running around with me. (P76) 但是他的“课程”仅是围着我跑。

句中around用作副词,意为“在附近”,“到处”。如:

He is looking around. 他在环顾四周。

Don’t run around, or you’ll be lost. 不要乱跑,否则你会迷路。

around还可以用作介词,意为“大约”;“在周围”。如:

I usually get up at around six fifteen. 我通常在大约6:15起床。

The students play around the school. 学生们在学校各处玩耍。

 

巩固练习:根据首字母,用适当的词补全下列对话。

A: W_____ your favorite sport?

B: My favorite sport is basketball.

A: W _____do you like it?

B: Because it’s interesting.

A: Do you often play basketball a _____ school?

B: Yes.

A: W _____ do you play basketball?

B: In P.E. classes.

A: H_____ many P.E. classes do you have in a week?

B: We have two.

A: W_____ is your favorite P. E. teacher?

B: Mr. Lee.

 

Key:

Unit 12

What’s; Why; after; When; How; Who