薛之谦2015上过的节目:初中英语复习专辑(14)短文改错题方法指导00

　　一、首先通读短文，初步理解短文大意，同时改正一些较容易的错误。短文中的一些句子就其本身来看，无法确定划线部分错在何处，只有通读全文，了解句子与句子之间的关系，特别是划线部分与上下文的关系，才能找出正确答案。如：“When his mother was out, the telephone rang and Jimmy answered them.”一句中，只有读懂句中划线部分指上文中的telephone，才能写出正确答案it。

　　二、在通读短文的基础上，一句一句地仔细阅读短文。

　　（一）从语法分析入手

　　  1)冠词a; an; the或省冠词（如不可数名词）

　　  2)区别可数、不可数。若是可数名词则应注意该单数还是复数（且注意复数的变化形式是否正确。

　　  3)形、副区别：①判定该形还是副。②注意形、副的比较等级（且注意变化形式）。

　　  4)代词：①区别主格、宾格。②区别形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词。③区别this / that、these / those、one / ones、it / them。④不定代词（区别二者与三者；单数还是复数；肯定还是否定）

　　  5)动词：① 时态、语态（主谓一致、动词各种变化形式是否正确）及非谓语形式——不定式和动名词。② 动词短语的固定形式（如listen to与listen）。③ 区别近义词（如hear与listen to）。

　　  6)数词：判定该基数词还是序数词（以及序数词的变化形式）。

　　  7)介词：正确区别、运用介词。

　　  8)连词：正确区别、运用连词。

　　（二）从句子结构判定所用词是否恰当（重点从句子成分的角度着手，该用何词性）。

　　（三）注意固定搭配（如the way to …）。

　　三、用改正后的答案代替相应的划线部分，从头到尾反复阅读短文，验证改正的答案是否正确。

　　下列短文的划线部分可能有误，正确的划“√”，错误的请改正。

　　( A )

　　  Mr. and Mrs. Green had a son. They called him James and loved him very much. But there was anything (1) wrong with the child. He did everything slow (2) and could not take care of him (3). His parents did not know what was (4) wrong. So one day they took him to a doctor. The doctor looked up (5) James carefully and found the boy couldn’t see anything. So (6) the doctor said he can (7) do nothing to help the boy.

　　  A few years later, Mr. and Mrs. Green listened (8) there was a good doctor in a town not far away. So they took the boy to visit him. The doctor did a small operation with (9) James. After the operation James could see. What (10) happy everyone was.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　( B )

　　  An eleven-year-old boy in a small town wanted being (1) a train driver. But the boy was born without arms. His father taught him to use his feet for (2) “hands”. He couldn’t go to school, so (3) he spent all his time watch (4) trains coming and going because he lived near the station. What (5) he wanted to be a train driver!

　　  One day he saw an empty train and climb (6) in. It was not difficult for him to start it with his feet. Soon the train was traveling in (7) forty miles an hour, and the workers there could do something (8) to stop it. When he drove back to the town and stopped at the station, a worker got on it. At last (9) he was very angry, but he laughed when the boy said, “I liked (10) trains.” “Well , I’m glad you don’t like planes!”

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　( C )

　　  While Bill was cleaning (1) the classroom after school last Monday, his classmate, Lily, closed the door or (2) locked it, because she thought there was somebody (3) in the class- room. Bill couldn’t get out and have (4) to stay in the classroom. Three hours ago (5), the teacher came and opened the door. She surprised (6) to see him there. On (7) that time Bill was much (8)cold and hungry.

　　  Now when Bill stays late in the classroom, he takes (9) a note on the door, “I’m yet (10) in the room. Don’t lock the door.”

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　( D )

　　  Which is the better (1) way to learn a foreign language? We all remember that we learn (2)our own language well (3) when we were children. If we can learn a second language in the same way, it will (4) seem so difficult. Think of what a small child does. He listens to what people speak (5) and try (6) to imitate (模仿)what he hears. When he wants something, he asks for it. In this way, he using (7) the language. He thinks and speaks with (8) the new language all the time. After (9) people use a second language like this, they will learn it quickly (10) than before.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　( E )

　　  There is a library in our school. It is large and there is (1) many books in it. Anyone may borrow books to (2) it and it cost (3) nothing to borrow them. Usually you may borrow as many of (4) four books at a time. Books maybe (5) kept for two weeks. New story-books are always popular and some books, for example, books for (6) history, science , cooking are also well-liked. So some times (7) when you go to the library to borrow a book, it may be out. What can you do? You can ask the librarian call (8) it back. The librarian will let you know when the book has been returned and will be (9) ready for you. You have to take care of the books. If you lose the book, you will be in trouble, and have to pay it (10).

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　( F )

　　  The sea is very big. It covers three quarters of the earth, The sea is also very deep in some place (1). There is one place and at that place the sea are (2) about 11 kilometres deep. The higher (3) mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high. When (4) that mountain put (5) into the sea at that place, there would still be two (6) kilometers above it.

　　  In some parts of the sea, there are many kinds of fishes and plants. Some lives (7) near the top of the sea. Other (8) live deep down. There are either (9) a lot of small living things. Lots of fish live by (10) eating them.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　(G)

　　  One day when Jack was walked (1)in the park, he saw a woman sat (2) in a chair with a dog beside hers (3). The dog was looking down (4) at the woman.

　　  Jack walked up to the woman and said (5), “Hello, Sue, what (6) are you? May I sit and say (7)with you for a while?”

　　  “Of course, please sit (8) down,” Sue said.

　　  Jack sat down next to Sue in the chair but (9) they talked quiet (10)together.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　(H)

　　  When Peter was a boy, he likes (1) watches and clocks very much. When he was eighteen years old, he began to teach him (2) to mend watches. A lot of his friends brought him broken watches, and he mended it (3) when he was free.

　　  One day, a policeman heared (4) about this and brought him a watch and said, “My watch has stopped. Can you mend it to (5)me, please?”

　　  Peter said, “Yes, sir. I can.” After a few days (6), he brought the watch back to the policeman.

　　  “How many (7) do I give you?” the policeman asked.

　　  “Two dollars, sir,” Peter answered. Then he took (8) a small box out of his pocket and gave it for (9)the policeman. “Here are three wheels from your watch. I didn’t find a place for them when I put anything (10) back.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　(I)

　　  The animals are use (1) to the desert people in many ways (2). They eat the meat, drink the milk of the animals. They use camels (骆驼) to(3) carrying water, food, tents(帐篷)and other(4)things. The people of the desert have to keep move(5)from place to place. They must always watch (6) for grass or desert plants for their animals. When there is not(7) more food for their animals, they move to another place. The desert people is (8) friendly. They would never refuse to help (9) people in trouble, but(10) they would give them food and water.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________

　　 ( H )

　　  We know that the last (1) part of the 20th century saw more large (2) inventions: the helicopter in 1990, movies by (3) sound in 1926, the computer in 1928 and the jet plane in 1930. The middle part of the 20th century bring (4) new ways to help people get over disease (5). They made people healthier and live long (6). By this time most people had a very well (7) life. Of course new inventions continued to be made. The world is (8) known to man and (9) the universe was not. Many countries began looking (10) for ways to go into space. Russian made the first step.

　　1._________ 2._________ 3._________

　　4._________ 5._________ 6._________

　　7._________ 8._________ 9._________

　　10._________