中华人民共和国标准化法(附英文)

《中华人民共和国标准化法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议于１９８８年１２月２９日通过，现予公布，自１９８９年４月１日起施行。
                        中华人民共和国主席  杨尚昆
                            １９８８年１２月２９日
  
          目  录

    第一章    总  则
    第二章    标准的制定
    第三章    标准的实施
    第四章    法律责任
    第五章    附  则
  
          第一章  总  则
    第一条  为了发展社会主义商品经济，促进技术进步，改进产品质量，提高社会经济效益，维护国家和人民的利益，使标准化工作适应社会主义现代化建设和发展对外经济关系的需要，制定本法。
    第二条  对下列需要统一的技术要求，应当制定标准：
    （一）工业产品的品种、规格、质量、等级或者安全、卫生要求。
    (二)工业产品的设计、生产、检验、包装、储存、运输、使用的方法或者生产、储存、运输过程中的安全、卫生要求。
    （三）有关环境保护的各项技术要求和检验方法。
    （四）建设工程的设计、施工方法和安全要求。
    （五）有关工业生产、工程建设和环境保护的技术术语、符号、代号和制图方法。
    重要农产品和其他需要制定标准的项目，由国务院规定。
    第三条  标准化工作的任务是制定标准、组织实施标准和对标准的实施进行监督。
    标准化工作应当纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。
    第四条  国家鼓励积极采用国际标准。
    第五条  国务院标准化行政主管部门统一管理全国标准化工作。国务院有关行政主管部门分工管理本部门、本行业的标准化工作。
    省、自治区、直辖市标准化行政主管部门统一管理本行政区域的标准化工作。省、自治区、直辖市政府有关行政主管部门分工管理本行政区域内本部门、本行业的标准化工作。
    市、县标准化行政主管部门和有关行政主管部门，按照省、自治区、直辖市政府规定的各自的职责，管理本行政区域内的标准化工作。
  
          第二章  标准的制定
    第六条  对需要在全国范围内统一的技术要求，应当制定国家标准。国家标准由国务院标准化行政主管部门制定。对没有国家标准而又需要在全国某个行业范围内统一的技术要求，可以制定行业标准。行业标准由国务院有关行政主管部门制定，并报国务院标准化行政主管部门备案，在
公布国家标准之后，该项行业标准即行废止。对没有国家标准和行业标准而又需要在省、自治区、直辖市范围内统一的工业产品的安全、卫生要求，可以制定地方标准。地方标准由省、自治区、直辖市标准化行政主管部门制定，并报国务院标准化行政主管部门和国务院有关行政主管部门备
案，在公布国家标准或者行业标准之后，该项地方标准即行废止。
    企业生产的产品没有国家标准和行业标准的，应当制定企业标准，作为组织生产的依据。企业的产品标准须报当地政府标准化行政主管部门和有关行政主管部门备案。已有国家标准或者行业标准的，国家鼓励企业制定严于国家标准或者行业标准的企业标准，在企业内部适用。
    法律对标准的制定另有规定的，依照法律的规定执行。
    第七条  国家标准、行业标准分为强制性标准和推荐性标准。保障人体健康，人身、财产安全的标准和法律、行政法规规定强制执行的标准是强制性标准，其他标准是推荐性标准。
    省、自治区、直辖市标准化行政主管部门制定的工业产品的安全、卫生要求的地方标准，在本行政区域内是强制性标准。
    第八条  制定标准应当有利于保障安全和人民的身体健康，保护消费者的利益，保护环境。
    第九条  制定标准应当有利于合理利用国家资源，推广科学技术成果，提高经济效益，并符合使用要求，有利于产品的通用互换，做到技术上先进，经济上合理。
    第十条  制定标准应当做到有关标准的协调配套。
    第十一条  制定标准应当有利于促进对外经济技术合作和对外贸易。
    第十二条  制定标准应当发挥行业协会、科学研究机构和学术团体的作用。
    制定标准的部门应当组织由专家组成的标准化技术委员会，负责标准的草拟，参加标准草案的审查工作。
    第十三条  标准实施后，制定标准的部门应当根据科学技术的发展和经济建设的需要适时进行复审，以确认现行标准继续有效或者予以修订、废止。
  
          第三章  标准的实施
    第十四条  强制性标准，必须执行。不符合强制性标准的产品，禁止生产、销售和进口。推荐性标准，国家鼓励企业自愿采用。
    第十五条  企业对有国家标准或者行业标准的产品，可以向国务院标准化行政主管部门或者国务院标准化行政主管部门授权的部门申请产品质量认证。认证合格的，由认证部门授予认证证书，准许在产品或者其包装上使用规定的认证标志。
    已经取得认证证书的产品不符合国家标准或者行业标准的，以及产品未经认证或者认证不合格的，不得使用认证标志出厂销售。
    第十六条  出口产品的技术要求，依照合同的约定执行。
    第十七条  企业研制新产品、改进产品，进行技术改造，应当符合标准化要求。
    第十八条  县级以上政府标准化行政主管部门负责对标准的实施进行监督检查。
    第十九条  县级以上政府标准化行政主管部门，可以根据需要设置检验机构，或者授权其他单位的检验机构，对产品是否符合标准进行检验。法律、行政法规对检验机构另有规定的，依照法律、行政法规的规定执行。
    处理有关产品是否符合标准的争议，以前款规定的检验机构的检验数据为准。
  
          第四章  法律责任
    第二十条  生产、销售、进口不符合强制性标准的产品的，由法律、行政法规规定的行政主管部门依法处理，法律、行政法规未作规定的，由工商行政管理部门没收产品和违法所得，并处罚款；造成严重后果构成犯罪的，对直接责任人员依法追究刑事责任。
    第二十一条  已经授予认证证书的产品不符合国家标准或者行业标准而使用认证标志出厂销售的，由标准化行政主管部门责令停止销售，并处罚款；情节严重的，由认证部门撤销其认证证书。
    第二十二条  产品未经认证或者认证不合格而擅自使用认证标志出厂销售的，由标准化行政主管部门责令停止销售，并处罚款。
    第二十三条  当事人对没收产品、没收违法所得和罚款的处罚不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，直
接向人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议或者不向人民法院起诉又不履行处罚决定的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
    第二十四条  标准化工作的监督、检验、管理人员违法失职、徇私舞弊的，给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
  
          第五章  附  则
    第二十五条  本法实施条例由国务院制定。
    第二十六条  本法自１９８９年４月１日起施行。(附英文)
  
        STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
  
          Important Notice: (注意事项)

    英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
    当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This  English document is coming from the  "LAWS  AND  REGULATIONS  OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF  CHINA  GOVERNING  FOREIGN-RELATED  MATTERS" (1991.7)
which  is  compiled  by  the  Brueau  of  Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of  the  People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
  
          Whole Document (法规)

STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the  Standing  Committee  of  the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 29,  1988,  promulgated  by
Order No. 11 of the  President  of  the  People's  Republic  of  China  on
December 29, 1988, and effective as of April 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I     General Provisions
Chapter II    Formulation of Standards
Chapter III   Implementation of Standards
Chapter IV    Legal Responsibility
Chapter V     Supplementary Provisions
  
          Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to developing the  socialist  commodity
economy,  promoting  technical  progress,   improving   product   quality,
increasing social and economic benefits, safeguarding the interests of the
State and the people and suiting standardization to the needs in socialist
modernization and in the development of economic  relations  with  foreign
countries.
Article 2
Standards shall be formulated for  the  following  technical  requirements
that need to be unified:
(1) the  varieties,  specifications,  quality  and  grades  of  industrial
products as well as the safety and sanitary requirements for them;
(2) the design, production, inspection, packing,  storage,  transportation
and methods of operation of industrial products as well as the safety  and
sanitary requirements for them in the process of production,  storage  and
transportation;
(3) technical requirements and testing methods  related  to  environmental
protection;
(4) the  designs,  construction  procedure  and  safety  requirements  for
construction projects; and
(5) technical terms, symbols, code names and drawing  methods  related  to
industrial production, project construction and environmental protection.
Major agricultural products and other items that need to  be  standardized
shall be designated by the State Council.
Article 3
The tasks of standardization shall include the  formulation  of  standards
and organization  of  and  supervision  over  the  implementation  of  the
standards.  Standardization shall be incorporated in the plan for national
economic and social development.
Article 4
The State shall encourage the active adoption of international standards.
Article 5
The department of standardization administration under the  State  Council
shall be in  charge  of  the  unified  administration  of  standardization
throughout the country.  Competent administrative  authorities  under  the
State Council shall, in line with their respective functions, be in charge
of standardization in their respective departments and trades.
The departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall  be
in charge of the unified administration of  standardization  within  their
respective administrative  areas.   Competent  administrative  authorities
under the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and  municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, in line with their respective
functions, be in charge of standardization in their respective departments
and trades within their respective administrative areas.
The  standardization  administration   departments   and   the   competent
administrative authorities of cities and  counties  shall,  in  line  with
their respective functions as assigned by the  governments  of  provinces,
autonomous  regions  and  municipalities  directly   under   the   Central
Government, be  in  charge  of  standardization  within  their  respective
administrative areas.
  
          Chapter II Formulation of Standards

Article 6
National standards shall be formulated for the technical requirements that
need to be unified nationwide. National standards shall be  formulated  by
the department of standardization administration under the State Council.
Where, in the absence of national standards, technical requirements for  a
certain trade need to be unified, trade standards may be formulated. Trade
standards shall be  formulated  by  competent  administrative  authorities
under the State Council and reported to the department of  standardization
administration under the State  Council  for  the  record,  and  shall  be
annulled on publication of the national standards. Where, in  the  absence
of both national and trade standards, safety and sanitary requirements for
industrial products need to be unified within a  province,  an  autonomous
region or a municipality directly  under  the  Central  Government,  local
standards may be  formulated.  Local  standards  shall  be  formulated  by
departments of standardization  administration  of  provinces,  autonomous
regions and municipalities  directly  under  the  Central  Government  and
reported to the  department  of  standardization  administration  and  the
competent administrative authorities  under  the  State  Council  for  the
record, and shall be annulled on publication  of  the  national  or  trade
standards.
Where, in the absence of both national and trade  standards  for  products
manufactured by an enterprise,  standards  for  the  enterprise  shall  be
formulated to serve as the criteria for the organization of production. An
enterprise's  standards  for  its  products  shall  be  reported  to   the
standardization administration department and the competent administrative
authorities under the local government for the record. Where  national  or
trade  standards  have  been  formulated,  the   State   shall   encourage
enterprises to  formulate  their  enterprise  standards,  which  are  more
stringent than the national or  trade  standards,  to  be  used  in  these
enterprises.
Where the formulation of standards is otherwise provided for by law,  such
legal provisions shall be complied with.
Article 7
National standards and trade standards shall be classified into compulsory
standards and voluntary standards. Those for safeguarding human health and
ensuring the safety of the person and of property and those for compulsory
execution  as  prescribed  by  the  laws  and  administrative  rules   and
regulations shall be compulsory standards, the others shall  be  voluntary
standards.
The  local  standards   formulated   by   standardization   administration
departments of provinces, autonomous regions and  municipalities  directly
under the Central Government for the safety and sanitary  requirements  of
industrial products shall be compulsory standards within their  respective
administrative areas.

Article 8
The formulation of standards shall be conducive to ensuring safety and the
people's  health,  safeguarding  consumer  interests  and  protecting  the
environment.
Article 9
The standards to be formulated shall be conducive to a rational use of the
country's resources, a wider utilization of scientific  and  technological
gains and the  enhancement  of  economic  returns,  conform  to  operation
instructions,  increase  the  universality   and   interchangeability   of
products, and be technologically advanced and economically rational.
Article 10
The standards to be formulated shall be coordinated with and supported  by
related standards.
Article 11
The  standards  to  be  formulated  shall  help   promote   economic   and
technological cooperation with foreign countries and foreign trade.
Article 12
The roles of trade  associations,  scientific  research  institutions  and
academic organizations shall be brought into play in  the  formulation  of
standards.  A department engaged in the  formulation  of  standards  shall
organize  a  committee   on   standardization   technology   composed   of
specialists, which shall be responsible for the drafting of the  standards
and shall participate in the examination of the draft standards.
Article 13
After the standards come into force, the department that  formulated  them
shall, in the light of scientific and technological developments  and  the
needs in  economic  construction,  make  timely  reviews  of  the  current
standards to determine if they are  to  remain  effective  or  are  to  be
revised or annulled.
  
          Chapter III Implementation of Standards

Article 14
Compulsory standards must be complied with.  It  shall  be  prohibited  to
produce, sell or import  products  that  are  not  up  to  the  compulsory
standards. With regard to voluntary standards, the State  shall  encourage
their adoption by enterprises on an optional basis.
Article 15
With respect to products for which national or trade standards  have  been
formulated, enterprises may apply to  the  standardization  administration
department under the State Council or  agencies  authorized  by  the  same
department for product quality  authentication.  For  products  which  are
authenticated to conform to the standards, certificates shall be issued by
the department that made the authentication and the use of the  prescribed
authentication marks shall be permitted on such products and  the  packing
thereof.
If products for which authentication certificates have been granted do not
conform to national or trade standards, or if products have not  undergone
authentication or found not up to the standards after  the  authentication
proceedings, no authentication marks shall be permitted for  use  on  such
products leaving factories for sale.
Article 16
Technical requirements for export products shall comply  with  contractual
provisions.
Article 17
The development of new products,  improvement  of  products  or  technical
renovation by an enterprise shall conform to standardization requirements.
Article 18
Departments of standardization  administration  under  governments  at  or
above the county level shall  be  responsible  for  supervision  over  and
inspection of the implementation of the standards.
Article 19
Departments of standardization  administration  under  governments  at  or
above the county level may, in accordance with needs, establish inspection
organizations or authorize inspection  organizations  of  other  units  to
examine whether products conform to the  standards.  Where  the  laws  and
administrative rules  and  regulations  provide  otherwise  on  inspection
organizations, such provisions shall apply.
Disputes over whether a product conforms to the standards shall be handled
in  accordance  with  the  inspection  data  provided  by  the  inspection
organizations as specified in the preceding paragraph.
  
          Chapter IV Legal Responsibility

Article 20
Whoever produces, sells or imports products that do  not  conform  to  the
compulsory standards shall be dealt with according to law by the competent
administrative authorities as prescribed by the  laws  and  administrative
rules and regulations. In the absence of such prescriptions, his  products
and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated and he  shall  be  concurrently
fined by the administrative authorities for industry and  commerce;  where
serious consequences are caused and crimes  are  constituted,  the  person
directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility  in
accordance with the law.
Article 21
Where authentication marks are used on  products  leaving  a  factory  for
sale, for which authentication certificates have been issued but which  do
not conform to national or trade standards, the enterprise concerned shall
be ordered by the department of standardization administration to stop the
sale and shall be fined concurrently; where the circumstances are serious,
the authentication certificates shall be revoked by  the  department  that
made the authentication.
Article 22
Whoever uses authentication  marks,  without  authorization,  on  products
leaving a factory for sale, which have  not  undergone  authentication  or
have  been  found  not  up  to  the  standards  after  the  authentication
proceedings,  shall  be  ordered  by  the  department  of  standardization
administration to stop the sale and shall concurrently be fined.
Article 23
A party which refuses to accept the  punishment  of  confiscation  of  its
products and of its unlawful proceeds and a fine may, within  15  days  of
receiving the penalty notice, apply  for  reconsideration  to  the  office
immediately above the one that made the punishment decision; a party which
refuses to obey the  reconsideration  decision  may,  within  15  days  of
receiving the reconsideration decision, bring a  suit  before  a  people's
court. The party also may, within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice,
directly bring a suit before a people's court. If a party neither  applies
for reconsideration nor brings a suit before a people's court  within  the
prescribed time nor complies with the punishment decision, the office that
made  the  punishment  decision  shall  apply  to  a  people's  court  for
compulsory execution.
Article 24
Personnel responsible for the supervision, inspection  and  administration
of standardization who violate the law or neglect  their  duties,  or  are
engaged in malpractices for personal gains, shall  be  given  disciplinary
sanctions; where crimes are  constituted,  their  criminal  responsibility
shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
  
          Chapter V Supplementary Provisions

Article 25
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the  State
Council.
Article 26
This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 1989.