中华人民共和国环境保护法(附英文)

（１９８９年１２月２６日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过  １９８９年１２月２６日中华人民共和国主席令第二十二号公布  自公布之日起施行。
  
          
    《中华人民共和国环境保护法》已由中华人民共和国第届七全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于  １９８９年１２月２６日通过，自公布之日施行。
                        中华人民共和国主席  杨尚昆
                            １９８９年１２月２６日
  
          目  录

    第一章  总  则
    第二章  环境监督管理
    第三章  保护和改善环境
    第四章  防治环境污染和其他公害
    第五章  法律责任
    第六章  附  则
  
          第一章  总  则
    第一条  为保护和改善生活环境与生态环境，防治污染和其他公害，保障人体健康，促进社会主义现代化建设的发展，制定本法。
    第二条  本法所称环境，是指影响人类生存和发展的各种天然的和经过人工改造的自然因素的总体，包括大气、水、海洋、土地、矿藏、森林、草原、野生生物、自然遗迹、人文遗迹、自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市和乡村等。
    第三条  本法适用于中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。
    第四条  国家制定的环境保护规划必须纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，国家采取有利于环境保护的经济、技术>策和措施，使环境保护工作同经济建设和社会发展相协调。
    第五条  国家鼓励环境保护科学教育事业的发展，加强环境保护科学技术的研究和开发，提高环境保护科学技术水平，普及环境保护的科学知识。
    第六条  一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务，并有权对污染和破坏环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。
    第七条  国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
    县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。
    国家海洋行政主管部门、港务监督、渔>渔港监督、军队环境保护部门和各级公安、交通、铁道、民航管理部门，依照有关法律的规定对环境污染防治实施监督管理。
    县级以上人民政府的土地、矿产、林业、农业、水利行政主管部门，依照有关法律的规定对资源的保护实施监督管理。
    第八条  对保护环境有显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。
  
          第二章  环境监督管理
    第九条  国务院环境保护行政主管部门制定国家环境质量标准。
    省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家环境质量标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方环境质量标准，并报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
    第十条  国务院环境保护行政主管部门根据国家环境质量标准和国家经济、技术条件，制定国家污染物排放标准。
    省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对国家污染物排放标准中未作规定的项目，可以制定地方污染物排放标准；对国家污染物排放标准中已作规定的项目，可以制定严于国家污染物排放标准的地方污染物排放标准。地方污染物排放标准须报国务院环境保护行政主管部门备案。
    凡是向已有地方污染物排放标准的区域排放污染物的，应当执行地方污染物排放标准。
    第十一条  国务院环境保护行政主管部门建立监测制度，制定监测规范，会同有关部门组织监测网络，加强对环境监测和管理。国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的环境保护行政主管部门，应当定期发布环境状况公报。
    第十二条  县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，应当会同有关部门对管辖范围内的环境状况进行调查和评价，拟订环境保护规划，经计划部门综合平衡后，报同级人民政府批准实施。
    第十三条  建设污染环境的项目，必须遵守国家有关建设项目环境保护管理的规定。
    建设项目的环境影响报告书，必须对建设项目产生的污染和对环境的影响作出评价，规定防治措施，经项目主管部门预审并依照规定的程序报环境保护行政主管部门批准。环境影响报告书经批准后，计划部门方可批准建设项目设计任务书。
    第十四条  县级以上人民政府环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门，有权对管辖范围内的排污单位进行现场检查。被检查的单位应当如实反映情况，提供必要的资料。检查机关应当为被检查的单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
    第十五条  跨行政区的环境污染和环境破坏的防治工作，由有关地方人民政府协商解决，或者由上级人民政府协调解决，做出决定。
  
          第三章  保护和改善环境
    第十六条  地方各级人民政府，应当对本辖区的环境质量负责，采取措施改善环境质量。
    第十七条  各级人民政府对具有代表性的各种类型的自然生态系统区域，珍稀、濒危的野生动植物自然分布区域，重要的水源涵养区域，具有重大科学文化价值的地质构造、著名溶洞和化石分布区、冰川、火山、温泉等自然遗迹，以及人文遗迹、古树名木，应当采取措施加以保护，严
禁破坏。
    第十八条  在国务院、国务院有关主管部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府划定的风景名胜区、自然保护区和其他需要特别保护的区域内，不得建设污染环境的工业生产设施；建设其他设施，其污染物排放不得超过规定的排放标准。已经建成的设施，其污染物排放超过规定的排放标准
的，限期治理。
    第十九条  开发利用自然资源，必须采取措施保护生态环境。
    第二十条  各级人民政府应当加强对农业环境的保护，防治土壤污染、土地沙化、盐渍化、贫瘠化、沼泽化、地面沉降和防治植被破坏、水土流失、水源枯竭、种源灭绝以及其他生态失调现象的发生和发展，推广植物病虫害的综合防治，合理使用化肥、农药及植物生长激素。
    第二十一条  国务院和治海地方各级人民政府应当加强对海洋环境的保护。向海洋排放污染物、倾到废弃物，进行海岸工程建设和海洋石油勘探开发，必须依照法律的规定，防止对海洋环境的污染损害。
    第二十二条  制定城市规划，应当确定保护和改善环境的目标和任务。
    第二十三条  城乡建设应当结合当地自然环境的特点，保护植被、水域和自然景观，加强城市园林、绿地和风景名胜区的建设。
  
          第四章  防治环境污染和其他公害
    第二十四条  产生环境污染和其他公害的单位，必须把环境保护工作纳入计划，建立环境保护责任制度；采取有效措施，防治在生产建设或者其他活动中产生的废气、废水、废渣、粉尘、恶臭气体、放射性物质以及噪声、振动、电磁波辐射等对环境的污染和危害。
    第二十五条  新建工业企业和现有工业企业的技术改造，应当采用资源利用率高、污染物排放量少的设备和工艺，采用经济合理的废弃物综合利用技术和污染物处理技术。
    第二十六条  建设项目中防治污染的设旋，必须与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产使用。防治污染的设施必须经原审批环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门验收合格后，该建设项目方可投入生产或者使用。
    防治污染的设施不得擅自拆除或者闲置，确有必要拆除或者闲置的，必须征得所在地的环境保护行政主管部门同意。
    第二十七条  排放污染物的企业事业单位，必须依照国务院环境保护行政主管部门的规定申报登记。
    第二十八条  排放污染物超过国家或者地方规定的污染物排放标准的企业事业单位，依照国家规定缴纳超标准排污费，并负责治理。水污染防治法另有规定的，依照水污染防治法的规定执行。
    征收的超标准排污费必须用于污染的防治，不得挪作他用，具体使用办法由国务院规定。
    第二十九条  对造成环境严重污染的企业事业单位，限期治理。
    中央或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府直接管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府决定。市、县或者市、县以下人民政府管辖的企业事业单位的限期治理，由市、县人民政府决定。被限期治理的企业事业单位必须如期完成治理任务。
    第三十条  禁止引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备。
    第三十一条  因发生事故或者其他突然性事>，造成或者可能造成污染事故的单位，必须立即采取措施处理，及时通报可能受到污染危害的单位和居民，并向当地环境保护行政主管部门和有关部门报告，接受调查处理。
    可能发生重大污染事故的企业事业单位，应当采取措施，加强防范。
    第三十二条  县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，在环境受到严重污染>胁居民生命财产安全时，必须立即向当地人民政府报告，由人民政府采取有效措施，解除或者减轻危害。
    第三十三条  生产、储存、运输、销售、使用有毒化学物品和含有放射性物质的物品，必须遵守国家有关规定，防止污染环境。
    第三十四条  任何单位不得将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用。
  
          第五章  法律责任
    第三十五条  违反本法规定，有下列行为之一的，环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门可以根据不同情节，给予警告或者处以罚款：
    
    （一）拒绝环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门现场检查或者在被检查时弄虚作假的。
    (二)拒报或者谎报国务院环境保护行政主管部门规定的有关污染物排放申报事项的。
    （三）不按国家规定缴纳超标准排污费的。
    （四）引进不符合我国环境保护规定要求的技术和设备的。
    （五）将产生严重污染的生产设备转移给没有污染防治能力的单位使用的。
    第三十六条  建设项目的防治污染设施没有建成或者没有达到国家规定的要求，投入生产或者使用的，由批准该建设项目的环境影响报告书的环境保护行政主管部门责令停止生产或者使用，可以并处罚款。
    第三十七条  未经环境保护行政主管部门同意，擅自拆除或者闲置防治污染的设施，污染物排放超过规定的排放标准的，由环境保护行政主管部门责令重新安装使用，并处罚款。
    第三十八条  对违反本法规定，造成环境污染事故的企业事业单位，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款；情节较重的，对有关责任人员由其所在单位或者政府主管机关给予行政处分。
    第三十九条  对经限期治理逾期未完成治理任务的企业事业单位，除依照国家规定加收超标准排污费外，可以根据所造成的危害后果处以罚款，或者责令停业、关闭。
    前款规定的罚款由环境保护行政主管部门决定。责令停业、关闭，由作出限期治理决定的人民政府决定；责令中央直接管辖的企业事业单位停业、关闭，须报国务院批准。
    第四十条  当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五是内，向作出处罚决定的机关的上一级机关申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以在接到复议决定之日起十五日内，向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内，直接向人民法院起诉。当事人

逾期不申请复议、也不向人民法院起诉、又不履行处罚决定的，由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
    第四十一条  造成环境污染危害的，有责任排除危害，并对直接受到损害的单位或者个人赔偿损失。
    赔偿责任和赔偿金额的纠纷，可以根据当事人的请求，由环境保护行政主管部门或者其他依照本法律规定行使环境监督管理权的部门处理；当事人对处理决定不服的，可以向人民法院起诉。当事人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
    完全由于不可护拒的自然灾害，并经及时采取合理措施，仍然不能避免造成环境污染损害的，免予承担责任。
    第四十二条  因环境污染损害赔偿提起诉讼的时效期间为三年，从当事人知道或者应当知道受到污染损害时起计算。
    第四十三条  违反本法规定，造成重大环境污染事故，导致公私财产重大损失或者人身伤亡的严重后果的，对直接责任人员依法追究刑事责任。
    第四十四条  违反本法规定，造成土地、森林、草原、水、矿产、渔业、野生动植物等资源的破坏的，依照有关法律的规定承担法律责任。
    第四十五条  环境保护监督管理人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，由其所在单位或者上级主管机关给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
  
          第六章  附  则
    第四十六条  中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的与环境保护有关的国际条约，同中华人民共和国法律有不同规定的，适用国际条约的规定，但中华人民共和国声明保留的条款除外。
    第四十七条  本法自公布之日起施行《中华人民共和国环境保护法（试行）》同时废止。
  
        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
  
          Important Notice: (注意事项)

    英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
    当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This  English document is coming from the  "LAWS  AND  REGULATIONS  OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF  CHINA  GOVERNING  FOREIGN-RELATED  MATTERS" (1991.7)
which  is  compiled  by  the  Brueau  of  Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of  the  People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
  
          Whole Document (法规)

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the 11th Meeting of  the  Standing  Committee  of  the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 26,  1989,  promulgated  by
Order No. 22 of the  President  of  the  People's  Republic  of  China  on
December 26, 1989, and effective on the date of promulgation)
  
          Contents

Chapter I     General Provisions
Chapter II    Supervision and Management of the Environment
Chapter III   Protection and Improvement of the Environment
Chapter IV    Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution and Other
              Public Hazards
Chapter V     Legal Liability
Chapter VI    Supplementary Provisions
  
          Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1
This Law is  formulated  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  and  improving
people's  environment  and  the  ecological  environment,  preventing  and
controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human  health
and facilitating the development of socialist modernization.
Article 2
"Environment" as used in this Law refers to the total body of all  natural
elements and artificially transformed  natural  elements  affecting  human
existence and development, which includes  the  atmosphere,  water,  seas,
land, minerals, forests, grasslands, wildlife, natural and human  remains,
nature reserves, historic sites and scenic  spots,  and  urban  and  rural
areas.
Article 3
This Law shall apply to the territory of the People's  Republic  of  China
and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of  the  People's  Republic  of
China.
Article 4
The plans for environmental protection formulated by  the  state  must  be
incorporated into the national economic and social development plans;  the
state  shall  adopt  economic  and  technological  policies  and  measures
favourable for environmental protection so as to coordinate  the  work  of
environmental   protection   with   economic   construction   and   social
development.
Article 5
The state shall encourage the development of education in the  science  of
environmental protection, strengthen the  study  and  development  of  the
science and technology of environmental protection, raise  the  scientific
and  technological  level  of  environmental  protection  and   popularize
scientific knowledge of environmental protection.
Article 6
All units and  individuals  shall  have  the  obligation  to  protect  the
environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges  against
units or individuals that cause pollution or damage to the environment.

Article 7
The competent department of environmental protection administration  under
the State Council shall conduct unified supervision and management of  the
environmental protection work throughout the country.
The competent departments of environmental  protection  administration  of
the local people's governments at or above the county level shall  conduct
unified supervision and management of the  environmental  protection  work
within  areas  under  their  jurisdiction.    The   state   administrative
department of marine affairs, the harbour superintendency  administration,
the fisheries administration and fishing harbour superintendency agencies,
the environmental protection  department  of  the  armed  forces  and  the
administrative departments of public  security,  transportation,  railways
and civil aviation  at  various  levels  shall,  in  accordance  with  the
provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision  and  management  of  the
prevention  and  control  of  environmental   pollution.   The   competent
administrative departments of land, minerals,  forestry,  agriculture  and
water conservancy of the people's governments at or above the county level
shall, in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  relevant  laws,  conduct
supervision and management of the protection of natural resources.
Article 8
The people's government shall give awards to units  and  individuals  that
have  made  outstanding  achievements  in  protecting  and  improving  the
environment.
  
          Chapter II Supervision and Management of the Environment

Article 9
The competent department of environmental protection administration  under
the State Council shall establish the national standards  for  environment
quality.  The people's governments of provinces,  autonomous  regions  and
municipalities directly under the Central Government may  establish  their
local standards for environment quality for items  not  specified  in  the
national standards for environment quality and shall report  them  to  the
competent department of environmental protection administration under  the
State Council for the record.
Article 10
The competent department of environmental protection administration  under
the State Council shall, in accordance with  the  national  standards  for
environment  quality  and  the  country's   economic   and   technological
conditions,  establish  the  national  standards  for  the  discharge   of
pollutants.
The  people's   governments   of   provinces,   autonomous   regions   and
municipalities directly under the Central Government may  establish  their
local standards for the discharge of pollutants for items not specified in
the national standards; with regard to  items  already  specified  in  the
national standards, they may set local standards which are more  stringent
than  the  national  standards  and  report  the  same  to  the  competent
department of environmental  protection  administration  under  the  State
Council for the record.  Units that discharge pollutants  in  areas  where
the local standards for the discharge of pollutants have been  established
shall observe such local standards.
Article 11
The competent department of environmental protection administration  under
the State Council shall  establish  a  monitoring  system,  formulate  the
monitoring norm and, in conjunction with relevant departments, organize  a
monitoring  network  and  strengthen  the  management   of   environmental
monitoring.
The competent departments of environmental protection administration under
the State Council and governments of  provinces,  autonomous  regions  and
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall regularly issue
bulletins on environmental situations.
Article 12
The competent departments of environmental  protection  administration  of
the  people's  governments  at  or  above  the  county  level  shall,   in
conjunction with  relevant  departments,  make  an  investigation  and  an
assessment  of  the  environmental  situation  within  areas  under  their
jurisdiction, draw up plans  for  environmental  protection  which  shall,
subject to overall balancing by the department of planning,  be  submitted
to  the  people's  government  at  the  same  level  for  approval  before
implementation.

Article 13
Units constructing projects that cause pollution to the  environment  must
observe the state provisions concerning environmental protection for  such
construction  projects.  The   environmental   impact   statement   on   a
construction project must assess the pollution the projects is  likely  to
produce and its impact on the environment and stipulate the preventive and
curative measures; the statement shall, after initial examination  by  the
authorities in  charge  of  the  construction  project,  be  submitted  by
specified  procedure  to  the  competent   department   of   environmental
protection administration for approval. The department of  planning  shall
not ratify the design plan descriptions of the construction project  until
after the environmental impact statement on the  construction  project  is
approved.
Article 14
The competent departments of environmental  protection  administration  of
the people's governments at or above the county level or other departments
invested by law  with  power  to  conduct  environmental  supervision  and
management shall be empowered to make on-site inspections of  units  under
their jurisdiction that discharge pollutants. The  units  being  inspected
shall truthfully report the situation to them and provide  them  with  the
necessary information. The inspecting authorities shall keep  confidential
the technological know-how and business secrets of the units inspected.
Article 15
Work for the prevention and control of  the  environmental  pollution  and
damage that involve various administrative areas shall be conducted by the
relevant local people's governments through negotiation, or by decision of
the people's government at a higher level through mediation.
  
          Chapter III Protection and Improvement of the Environment

Article 16
The local people's governments at various levels shall be responsible  for
the environment  quality  of  areas  under  their  jurisdiction  and  take
measures to improve the environment quality.
Article 17
The people's governments at various levels shall take measures to  protect
regions representing various types of natural ecological systems,  regions
with a natural distribution  of  rare  and  endangered  wild  animals  and
plants, regions where major sources of  water  are  conserved,  geological
structures of major scientific and cultural value,  famous  regions  where
karst caves and fossil  deposits  are  distributed,  traces  of  glaciers,
volcanos and hot  springs,  traces  of  human  history,  and  ancient  and
precious trees. Damage to the above shall be strictly forbidden.
Article 18
Within the scenic spots or historic sites, nature reserves and other zones
that need special protection, as designated  by  the  State  Council,  the
relevant competent department under the State Council,  and  the  people's
governments of provinces, autonomous regions and  municipalities  directly
under the Central Government, no industrial production installations  that
cause environmental pollution shall be built; other  installations  to  be
built in these areas must not exceed  the  prescribed  standards  for  the
discharge of  pollutants.  If  the  installations  that  have  been  built
discharge more pollutants than are specified by the  prescribed  discharge
standards, such pollution shall  be  eliminated  or  controlled  within  a
prescribed period of time.
Article 19
Measures must be taken to protect the ecological environment while natural
resources are being developed or utilized.
Article 20
The people's governments at various levels shall provide better protection
for the  agricultural  environment  by  preventing  and  controlling  soil
pollution,   the   desertification   and   alkalization   of   land,   the
impoverishment of soil, the deterioration  of  land  into  marshes,  earth
subsidence, the damage of vegetation,  soil  erosion,  the  drying  up  of
sources of water,  the  extinction  of  species  and  the  occurrence  and
development of other ecological imbalances, by extending the  scale  of  a
comprehensive prevention and control of plant diseases and  insect  pests,
and  by  promoting  a  rational  application  of   chemical   fertilizers,
pesticides and plant growth hormone.
Article 21
The State Council and  the  people's  governments  at  various  levels  in
coastal areas shall provide better protection for the marine environment.
The discharge of pollutants and the dumping of wastes into the  seas,  the
construction of coastal projects, and the exploration and exploitation  of
offshore oil must be conducted in compliance with legal provisions  so  as
to guard against the pollution and damage of the marine environment.

Article 22
The targets and tasks for protecting and improving the  environment  shall
be defined in urban planning.
Article 23
In urban and  rural  construction,  vegetation,  waters  and  the  natural
landscape shall be protected and attention paid  to  the  construction  of
gardens, green land and historic sites and scenic spots in the  cities  in
the light of the special features of the local natural environment.
  
          Chapter IV Prevention and Control of Environmental  Pollution  and Other Public Hazards

Article 24
Units that cause environmental pollution and other  public  hazards  shall
incorporate the work of environmental  protection  into  their  plans  and
establish a responsibility system for environmental protection,  and  must
adopt effective measures to prevent and control the  pollution  and  harms
caused to the environment by waste gas, waste water, waste residues, dust,
malodorous   gases,   radioactive   substances,   noise,   vibration   and
electromagnetic  radiation  generated  in  the   course   of   production,
construction or other activities.
Article 25
For the technological transformation of newly-built industrial enterprises
and existing industrial enterprises, facilities and processes that  effect
a high rate of the  utilization  of  resources  and  a  low  rate  of  the
discharge of pollutants shall be used, along with economical and  rational
technology for the comprehensive utilization of waste  materials  and  the
treatment of pollutants.
Article 26
Installations  for  the  prevention  and  control  of   pollution   at   a
construction project must be designed,  built  and  commissioned  together
with the principal part of the project. No permission shall be given for a
construction project to be commissioned or used, until  its  installations
for the prevention and control of pollution are examined and considered up
to the standard by the competent department  of  environmental  protection
administration  that  examined  and  approved  the  environmental   impact
statement.  Installations for the  prevention  and  control  of  pollution
shall not be dismantled or left  idle  without  authorization.  If  it  is
really necessary to dismantle such installations or leave them idle, prior
approval shall be obtained from the competent department of  environmental
protection administration in the locality.
Article 27
Enterprises and institutions discharging pollutants  must  report  to  and
register with the relevant authorities in accordance with  the  provisions
of the competent department  of  environmental  protection  administration
under the State Council.
Article 28
Enterprises and institutions  discharging  pollutants  in  excess  of  the
prescribed national or local discharge  standards  shall  pay  a  fee  for
excessive  discharge  according  to  state  provisions  and  shall  assume
responsibility  for  eliminating  and  controlling  the   pollution.   The
provisions of the Law on Prevention and Control of Water  Pollution  shall
be complied with where they are applicable.
The income derived from the fee levied  for  the  excessive  discharge  of
pollutants must be used for the prevention and control  of  pollution  and
shall not be  appropriated  for  other  purposes.  The  specific  measures
thereof shall be prescribed by the State Council.

Article 29
If an enterprise or institution has caused severe environmental pollution,
it shall be required to eliminate  and  control  the  pollution  within  a
certain period of time.  For enterprises and institutions  directly  under
the jurisdiction of the Central Government or the people's government of a
province, an autonomous region,  or  a  municipality  directly  under  the
Central Government, the decision on a  deadline  for  the  elimination  or
control of pollution shall be made  by  the  people's  government  of  the
province, autonomous  region  and  the  municipality  directly  under  the
Central  Government.   For  enterprises   and   institutions   under   the
jurisdiction of a people's government at  or  below  the  city  or  county
level, such decision shall be made by the people's government of the  city
or  county.  Such  enterprises  and  institutions  shall  accomplish   the
elimination or control of pollution within the specified period of time.
Article 30
A ban shall be imposed on the importation of any  technology  or  facility
that fails to meet the requirements specified in the  regulations  of  our
country concerning environmental protection.
Article 31
Any unit that, as a result of an  accident  or  any  other  exigency,  has
caused or threatens to cause an accident of pollution, must promptly  take
measures to prevent and control the pollution hazards, make the  situation
known to such units and inhabitants as are likely to be endangered by such
hazards, report the case to  the  competent  department  of  environmental
protection administration of the locality and  the  departments  concerned
and accept their investigation and decision.
Enterprises and institutions that are likely  to  cause  severe  pollution
accidents shall adopt measures for effective prevention.
Article 32
If the safety of the lives and property of inhabitants  is  endangered  by
severe environmental pollution, the competent department of  environmental
protection administration of the local people's government at or above the
county level must promptly report to the local  people's  government.  The
people's government concerned shall take effective measures to  remove  or
alleviate the hazard.
Article 33
The production, storage, transportation, sale and use of  toxic  chemicals
and materials containing  radioactive  substances  must  comply  with  the
relevant state provisions so as to prevent environmental pollution.

Article 34
No unit shall be permitted to transfer a production facility  that  causes
severe pollution for use by a unit that is unable to prevent  and  control
pollution.
  
          Chapter V Legal Liability

Article 35
Any violator of this Law shall, according  to  the  circumstances  of  the
case, be warned or fined by  the  competent  department  of  environmental
protection administration or another department invested by law with power
to conduct  environmental  supervision  and  management  for  any  of  the
following acts:
(1)  refusing  an  on-site  inspection  by  the  competent  department  of
environmental protection administration or another department invested  by
law with power to conduct environmental  supervision  and  management,  or
resorting to trickery and fraud while undergoing inspection;
(2) refusing to report or submitting a false report  on  items  for  which
declaration is required  by  the  competent  department  of  environmental
protection administration under the State Council;
(3) failing to pay, as  provided  for  by  the  state,  the  fee  for  the
excessive discharge of pollutants;
(4) importing technology or a facility that fails to meet the requirements
specified in the state provisions concerning environmental protection; or
(5) transferring a production facility that causes  severe  pollution  for
use by a unit that is unable to prevent and control pollution.
Article 36
When a construction project is commissioned or put to use in circumstances
where facilities for the prevention and control of pollution  either  have
not been completed or fail to meet the  requirements  specified  in  state
provisions,  the  competent   department   of   environmental   protection
administration responsible for the approval of  the  environmental  impact
statement on the construction project shall order the  suspension  of  its
operations or use and may concurrently impose a fine.
Article 37
A  unit  which  dismantles  or  leaves  idle  the  installations  for  the
prevention  and  control  of  pollution  without  prior  approval  by  the
competent department of environmental protection  administration,  thereby
discharging pollutants in excess of the  prescribed  discharge  standards,
shall be ordered by the competent department of  environmental  protection
administration to set up the installations or put them to use  again,  and
shall concurrently be fined.
Article 38
An enterprise or institution which violates this Law, thereby  causing  an
environmental  pollution  accident,  shall  be  fined  by  the   competent
department  of  environmental   protection   administration   or   another
department invested by law with power to conduct environmental supervision
and management in accordance with the  consequent  damage;  in  a  serious
case, the persons responsible shall be subject to administrative  sanction
by the unit to which they belong or by the  competent  department  of  the
government.

Article 39
An enterprise or institution that  has  failed  to  eliminate  or  control
pollution by the deadline as required shall, as provided for by the state,
pay a fee for excessive discharge; in addition, a fine may be  imposed  on
it on the basis of the damage incurred, or the enterprise  or  institution
may be ordered to suspend its operations  or  close  down.   The  fine  as
specified in the preceding paragraph shall be  decided  by  the  competent
department of environmental protection administration. An  order  for  the
suspension of operations or shut-down  of  an  enterprise  or  institution
shall be issued by the people's government that set the deadline  for  the
elimination or control of  pollution.  An  order  for  the  suspension  of
operations or shut-down of an enterprise or institution directly under the
jurisdiction of the Central Government shall be submitted to and  approved
by the State Council.
Article 40
A party refusing to accept the decision on  administrative  sanction  may,
within 15 days of receiving the notification on such a decision, apply for
reconsideration to the department next  higher  to  the  authorities  that
imposed the sanction; if the party  refuses  to  accept  the  decision  of
reconsideration, it may, within 15 days of receiving  the  reconsideration
decision, bring a suit before a people's court. A party may also  bring  a
suit directly before a people's court within  15  days  of  receiving  the
notification on the sanction. If, upon the expiration of this period,  the
party has not applied for reconsideration or has neither  brought  a  suit
before a people's court nor complied with the  sanction,  the  authorities
that imposed the sanction may apply to the people's court  for  compulsory
enforcement.
Article 41
A unit that has caused an environmental pollution hazard  shall  have  the
obligation to eliminate it and make compensation to the unit or individual
that suffered  direct  losses.  A  dispute  over  the  liability  to  make
compensation or the amount of compensation may,  at  the  request  of  the
parties,  be  settled  by  the  competent  department   of   environmental
protection administration or another department invested by law with power
to conduct environmental supervision and management. If a party refuses to
accept the decision on the settlement,  it  may  bring  a  suit  before  a
people's court. The party may  also  directly  bring  a  suit  before  the
people's court.
If environmental pollution losses result solely from irresistible  natural
disasters which cannot be  averted  even  after  the  prompt  adoption  of
reasonable measures, the party concerned shall be exempted from liability.

Article 42
The limitation period for prosecution with  respect  to  compensation  for
environmental pollution losses shall be three years, counted from the time
when the party becomes aware of or should become aware  of  the  pollution
losses.
Article 43
If a violation of  this  Law  causes  a  serious  environmental  pollution
accident, leading to the grave consequences of heavy losses of  public  or
private property or human injuries  or  deaths  of  persons,  the  persons
directly responsible for  such  an  accident  shall  be  investigated  for
criminal responsibility according to law.
Article 44
Whoever, in violation of this Law, causes damage to natural resources like
land, forests, grasslands, water, minerals, fish, wild  animals  and  wild
plants shall bear legal liability in accordance  with  the  provisions  of
relevant laws.
Article 45
Any  person  conducting  supervision  and  management   of   environmental
protection  who  abuses  his  power,  neglects  his  duty  or  engages  in
malpractices for personal gains shall be given administrative sanction  by
the unit to which he belongs or the competent higher authorities;  if  his
act  constitutes  a  crime,  he  shall  be   investigated   for   criminal
responsibility according to law.
  
          Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

Article 46
If an international treaty regarding environmental protection concluded or
acceded to by the People's Republic of China contains provisions differing
from those contained in the laws of the People's Republic  of  China,  the
provisions of the international treaty shall apply, unless the  provisions
are  ones  on  which  the  People's  Republic  of  China   has   announced
reservations.
Article 47
This Law  shall  enter  into  force  on  the  date  of  promulgation.  The
Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (for  Trial
Implementation) shall be abrogated therefrom.