九乡新闻网鱼缸能放在电视旁边吗:中学英语词法、句法、错误辨析6
来源：百度文库 编辑：九乡新闻网 时间：2024/05/08 15:59:00
［正］ Because it was Sunday the park was crowded.
［析］ 这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了"所以"也就不要再用"因为"一词。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily.
because because of
because后要接从句，例如：We like physics because we can learn a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名词作介词宾语，如：He is not at school because of the illness.
before
［误］ We have two hours to kill before we will go home.
［正］ We have two hours to kill before we go home.
［析］ kill time意为"消磨时光"。
英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park.
［误］ I did this work two days before.
［正］ I did this work two days ago.
［析］ 用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：I has done this work a few days before.
before long long before
before long是"不久"之意，例如：I shall go to America before long. 而long before则是"很久很久"之意，如：We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了。)
begin
［误］ The meeting will begin from Monday.
［正］ The meeting will begin on Monday.
［误］ The film has begun for ten minutes.
［正］ The film has been on for ten minutes.
［析］ begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：The film has begun. 这句话是对的，即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has been on即"上演了10分钟"。
begin start
begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 当动词是表达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes.
［误］ They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.
［正］ They study hard in the class from beginning to end.
［析］ from beginning to end是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.
behind
［误］ He missed the class because he was behind the time.
［正］ He missed the class because he was behind time.
［析］ behind time一短语意为"晚了"，而behind the times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词，如Come out from behind the door(介词). He's a long way behind(副词). He fell behind with his classmates(副词).
below
［误］ What's that below the chair.
［正］ What's that under the chair.
［析］ under意为"正下方"，而below意为"比……低"，或指"在下游"。如：There is a fall below the river. (河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the example below, 而不要用under.
beside
［误］ The students stood besides the teacher.
［正］ The students stood beside the teacher.
［误］ I study English beside Chinese.
［正］ I study English besides Chinese.
［析］ beside意为"在……旁边"，而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。
beside by near
beside意为"在……旁"，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：There is a post office near our school.
better
［误］ You had better to do it at home.
［正］ You had better do it at home.
［误］ You hadn't better wake me up at six.
［正］ You had better not wake me up at six.
［析］ had better在肯定句中为"应该作某事"，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用had better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd，如：You'd better not. 又如：
Let's go first. No, we'd better not.
between
［误］ Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
［正］ Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
［析］ 两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among.
［误］ You must choose between this club or that club.
［正］ You must choose between this club and that club.
［析］ 在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…，而不能用between…or….
big
［误］ There was a big rain last night.
［正］ There was a heavy rain last night.
［析］ 大雨在英语中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
bit
［误］ He is a bit fool.
［正］ He is a bit of a fool.
［析］ a bit可以作程度副词，与a little相同，但它用于名词前应用a bit of, 而用于形容词前则应用a bit，如：I'm a bit tired, 而其简答的否定句应为Not a bit, (一点儿也不。)又如：
-Do you mind if I open the door?
-Not a bit.
black
［误］ The children became black after swimming in the sea.
［正］ The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
［析］ 因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用black而应用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
［误］ The girl has black eyes and black
hair.
［正］ The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
［析］ 英语中black eyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。
［误］ The Europeans like red tea.
［正］ The Europeans like black tea.
［析］ 红茶在英文中应为black tea. 这种惯用法还有：black and blue(鼻青脸肿，青一块紫一块)；blackandwhite(黑白电视片)。go black意为"在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗"；look black意为"情况不妙，前景暗淡"。如：After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and blackandwhite for others.
body
［误］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
［正］ Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
［析］ 中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。
borrow
［误］ May I lend some books from the library?
［正］ May I borrow some books from the library?
［误］ How long can I borrow it?
［正］ How long can I keep it?
［析］ 英语中有三个词都可译为"借"，但意义各不相同如："借入"是borrow，其常用句型结构是borrow something from somebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如：The students want to borrow some books from the library. "借出"用lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如：Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与how long等疑问词连用，如：You can keep it for three days.
born (bear的过去分词)
［误］ I born in Shanghai.
［正］ I was born in Shanghai.
［误］ He was born from Greek parents.
［正］ He was born of Greek parents.
［析］ "出身于……样的家庭"不要作from而要用of，例如：He was born of a poor family.
both
［误］ They both are students.
［正］ They are both students.
［误］ They refuse both to answer this question.
［正］ They both refuse to answer this question.
［析］ both作同位语时，一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。
［误］ I know his both parents.
［正］ I know both his parents.
［误］ The both brothers were students.
［正］ Both the brothers were students.
［正］ Both brothers were students.
［析］ 当both与形容词性物主代词my, his, her等以及定冠词the连用时，都应将这些词置于both之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。
［误］ Both of my parents are not at home.
［正］ Neither of my parents are at home.
［误］ Both of your answers are not right.
［正］ Neither of your answers is right.
［正］ Both your answers are wrong.
［析］ both不能用于否定句中作主语。表示"两者都不"时要用neither;但作宾语时both与either则都对，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：I cannot give both of the books to you. (我不能将两本书全给你。)而I cannot give either of the books to you. (两本书中哪本书也不能给你。)
bring
［误］ Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.
［正］ Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.
［误］ Next time, please take your little sister here.
［正］ Next time, please bring your little sister here.
［析］ 英语中bring是"带来"，而take是"带走"。还有一个词fetch, 表示"到某处去把某物取、接回来"。如：Please fetch the doctor at once.
business
［误］ My father went to Shanghai for business.
［正］ My father went to Shanghai on business.
［析］ on business出差
busy
［误］ The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.
［正］ The students were very busy preparing for the exam.
［析］ be busy doing something为"忙于作某事"
［误］ The students were busy for the exam.
［正］ The students were busy with the exam.
［析］ busy直接接名词时应用with.
but
［误］ He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong.
［正］ He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.
［误］ She couldn't help to cry when she saw her mother.
［正］ She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.
［析］ couldn't help其后应接动名词，表示情不自禁的动作，但couldn't help but后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句应译为"他才真正认识到他错了。"
buy
［误］ I have bought this dictionary for three years.
［正］ I have had this dictionary for three years.
［析］ buy是截止性(即瞬间)动词，它可以有完成时，如：I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了则要用have had这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了。
by
［误］ The boy shot the cat by a gun.
［正］ The boy shot the cat with a gun.
［误］ He came to school by a taxi this morning.
［正］ He came to school by taxi this morning.
［析］ 作为某种运输手段来讲，by与名词间不能有冠词，如：by car, by bike, by air等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词，则应用别的相应的介词，如："我们今天早上是乘他的车来的"一句应译为：We came here in his car this morning.与by结合而成的词组很多，常用的有：by the way顺便说说；by hand手工制作；by oneself独自地；by no means决不。
C
call
［误］ I'll call at Mr Brown.
［正］ I'll call on Mr Brown.
［误］ I'll call on Mr Brown's home.
［正］ I'll call at Mr Brown's home.
［析］ 作"拜访"讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。
call on drop in visit
call on比较正式的为公务的访问，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：If you're free, drop in. 而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：My school's headmaster will visit America next week.
can
［误］ A blind man can not judge colours.
［正］ A blind man cannot judge colours.
［误］ I cann't call for you at ten.
［正］ I can't call for you at ten.
［析］ can的否定形式应为cannot或can't.
［误］ It's only six o'clock. That mustn't be the postman.
［正］ It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman.
［析］ must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中则要用can't， 要表示对过去的推测则要用"must+have+过去分词"的表达法，如：The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而对过去的否定推测则多用"can't+have+过去分词"，如：I don't think he can have heard you. Call again.
［误］ We could not help to laugh at once.
［正］ We could not help laughing at once.
［正］ We could not help but laugh at once.
［析］ "couldn't help+动名词"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but与could not but后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help) but respect him.
can be able to
can与be able to都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，be able to则可用任何时态，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而be able to后面不接不定式的被动态。
can could
can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story?
care
［误］ I don't care coffee.
［正］ I don't care for coffee.
［误］ Take care for your steps.
［正］ Take care of your steps.
［析］ care for是"对某物感兴趣"，而care of是"关心，要当心某事"，如：She didn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing.
［误］ I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain.
［正］ I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain.
［析］ 在it doesn't matter, I don't care, I don't mind, 及in case引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：I've got a football in case we have time for a game.
change
［误］ I want to change my camera with that one.
［正］ I want to change my camera for that one.
［析］ change for为"以某物为交换物"。而change with则是"随……而变"，如：The wood's colour changed with the season.
cheap
［误］ A teacher's salary is generally very cheap.
［正］ A teacher's salary is generally very low.
［析］ 工资的高低要用low，cheap是指价格便宜，如果要讲物美价廉则要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive.
choose
［误］ We each had to have a choose of A or B.
［正］ We each had to have a choice of A or B.
［析］ choice是名词，而choose是动词。
class
［误］ The class is watching TV.
［正］ The class are watching TV.
［析］ class作主语时，如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词，如：The class are, in general, very bright.
clean
［误］ Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot.
［正］ Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I clean forgot.
［析］ clean可以作为副词讲，其意为"完全"，而cleanly则意为"正确地"、"干净利落地"，如：The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作为形容词讲时意为"清洁的"、"干净的"，如：Her face is not clean now.
clever
［误］ I'm not clever in English.
［正］ I'm not clever at English.
［析］ clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特长。
close
［误］ It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.
［正］ It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.
［析］ 这里的close是动词，意为"关闭"，而keep后要加形容词，所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词。作形容词用的close意为"近的"、"亲密的"。
［误］ Come closely so that I can see you.
［正］ Come close so that I can see you.
［误］ Good teaching and good testing are close related.
［正］ Good teaching and good testing are closely related.
［析］ close,closely同样可以作副词用，但其意义不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely则是"紧密"、"严密"、"密切"之意。
［误］ My school was quite close from my home.
［正］ My school was quite close to my home.
［析］ "与……接近"是close to…，例如：
He was close to fifty.
There is a busstop close to the station.
close shut turn
shut与close是同义词，如close the door或shut the door. 但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut语气较强，并含有隔离之意。而turn off是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类，有切断之意。
cloth
［误］ The children wear very good cloth to go to school.
［正］ The children wear very good clothes to go to school.
［误］ I need a lot of clothing.
I'm going to make a new cloth.
［正］ I need a lot of cloth.
I'm going to make a new dress.
［析］ cloth是"布"、"布料"，没有复数形式。一块布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes统指衣服，是复数名词，"一套衣服"要讲a suit of clothes， 如果是"一件件衣服"应讲shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的总称，是不可数名词。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英语中的dress是指比较正式的服装，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(学生套装)，a working dress(工作服)。
coffee
［误］ Please give me two waters.
［正］ Please give me two coffees.
［正］ Please give me two cups of water.
［析］ 虽然coffee, water, tea等都是物质名词，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的却不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.
colour(color)
［误］ Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.
［正］ Flowers are red, yellow and white.
［析］ 中文的"花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色"，若译为英文Colours of flowers are…，就显得重复了。
［误］ I like green colour.
［正］ I like green.
［正］ I like colour green.
［析］ colour green中的colour是green的同位语，所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。
come
［误］ I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.
［正］ I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.
［析］ come across是"偶然碰见、遇见"，要直接加宾语，如：I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.
［误］ Where do you come from?
I come from the station.
［正］ Where did you come from?
I came from the station.
［正］ Where do you come from?
I come from China.
［析］ Where do you come from?意为"你是什么地方的人?"而Where did you come from?则是"你从何处来?"
［误］ The stars are coming out from the cloud.
［正］ The stars are coming out of the cloud.
［析］ come out of意为"从……地方出来"。
come in come into enter
come in与come into的意义相同，但come into后面要加宾语，而come in后面不用宾语。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.
enter常作为及物动词使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel.
congratulate
［误］ I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.
［正］ I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.
［析］ 动词congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝贺某事"。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success.
又如：Congratulations!
cook
［误］ My father is a good cooker.
［正］ My father is a good cook.
［析］ 很多动词加上er则变为执行该动作的一种人，如workworker,teachteacher. 但cook即是动词"做饭"，同时名词也是"厨师"。而cooker则是"厨具"、"炊具"之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高压锅)。
corner
［误］ There is a post office in the corner of the street.
［正］ There is a post office at the corner of the street.
［误］ A girl sat at the corner of the room.
［正］ A girl sat in the corner of the room.
［析］ in the corner是在建筑物内部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building.
cost
［误］ I cost ten dollars for the book.
［正］ I spent ten dollars on the book.
［误］ I cost two hours to do my homework.
［正］ It took me two hours to do my homework.
［析］ cost, spend. take都可以作"花费"讲，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱"，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+时间+(in)doing something"，如：I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金钱+on something"，如：I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:"It+takes+somebody+时间+to do something", 如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom.
country
［误］ You can find cows in a country.
［正］ You can find cows in the country.
［析］ country即可作"国家"讲，也可作"农村"讲。当作"农村"讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。例如：
［误］ Farmers live in the countries.
［正］ Farmers live in the country.
［析］ 但作为"国家"讲时则可有单、复数形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族组成的国家，如：The Chinese nation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：the state farm(国营农场)。
cross
［误］ There are traffic lights at the cross.
［正］ There are traffic lights at the crossing.
［析］ cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：Red Cross(红十字会)。
［误］ The little boy is going to across the street.
［正］ The little boy is going to cross the street.
［析］ across是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。
cross pass
cross是指横过某地，如：He crossed the square. 而pass则强调从某物体旁经过，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.
crowd
［误］ The room soon was crowded by people.
［正］ The room soon was crowded with people.
［析］ crowded在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：The room was crowded with books.
cup
［误］ A silver glass was given to the winner.
［正］ A silver cup was given to the winner.
［误］ My mother was looking for the whisky cup.
［正］ My mother was looking for the whisky glass.
［析］ glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不讲I drink a cup of wine at supper.
D
dance
［误］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a dance.
［正］ We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)
date
［误］ He studied ten hours a date.
［正］ He studied ten hours a day.
［析］ date是指具体日期。如问What's the date today? 应回答具体日期："October 1st 1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如What day is today? 问的是星期几，应回答"It's Sunday."
［误］ Today's date is January first. 1998.
［正］ Today's date is January 1， 1998.
［正］ Today's date is January 1st， 1998.
［析］ 在日期书写中不要用序数词全写，而要用1st， 2nd， 3rd……如果一定要用序数词，其顺序应为：It is the first of January.
day
［误］ This is a book about every day English.
［正］ This is a book about everyday English.
［正］ This is an everyday English book.
［误］ We go to school everyday.
［正］ We go to school every day.
［析］ everyday是形容词，意为"日常的"，而every day则是"每天"、"天天"之意。
dead
［误］ My father has died for ten years.
［正］ My father has been dead for ten years.
［析］ die是瞬间动词，它可以用于完成时，如：My father has died. 但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时，如：My father died three years ago
［误］ We'll always remember the deads who were killed in the war.
［正］ We'll always remember the dead who were killed in the war.
［析］ 形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人，如the rich(富人)，the sick(病人)，the poor(穷人)，其后的谓语动词要用复数，如：The rich are not always happy.
dead deadly
dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思，如dead right, dead tired, dead sure。而deadly则是"致命的"，如：The rich man had many deadly enemies. 又如：Cancer is a deadly disease.
dead died
dead是形容词，如：Mrs Ginty was dead. 而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词，如：She died in 1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是pass away, 如：My father passed away, this morning.
deer
［误］ In the zoo, there are many deers.
［正］ In the zoo, there are many deer.
［析］ deer是单、复数同形的词，如：one deer，two deer，这样的名词还有fish，sheep等。但如果讲There are many fishes here. 这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"
desk
［误］ The boy sat in his desk.
［正］ The boy sat at his desk.
［析］ 在课桌旁坐着应用介词at, 而at desk 则应译为"在学习"，at table应译为"在吃饭"。
die
［误］ In South Africa many people died from cancer.
［正］ In South Africa many people died of cancer.
［误］ The old man died of overwork.
［正］ The old man died from overwork.
［析］ 死于疾病应用die of，而死于某种外因事故则多用from.
［误］ His mother is died.
［正］ His mother is dead.
［误］ The old woman was dead at the age of seventy.
［正］ The old woman died at the age of seventy.
［析］ dead是形容词，而die是动词。形容词表示状态，动词则表示动作。
［误］ He died in a traffic accident.
［正］ He was killed in a traffic accident.
［析］ 由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to be killed.
［误］ When the doctor came，the old man had already died.
［正］ When the doctor came，the old man was already dead.
［正］ The old man died before the doctor came.
different
［误］ My room is different with yours.
［正］ My room is different from yours.
［误］ The village is very different with what it was.
［正］ The village is very different from what it was.
［析］ different from是"与……不同"之意。
difficult
［误］ English is very difficult to be learned.
［正］ English is very difficult to learn.
［误］ He learned physics is difficult.
［正］ It is very difficult for him to learn physics.
［析］ 要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。It is difficult for somebody to do something.为"对于某人来说做某事很困难。"
difficulty
［误］ There was little difficulty to find him.
［正］ There was little difficulty in finding him.
［析］ 这种用法还有trouble, 即difficulty (trouble) in doing something.
dinner
［误］ When did you have the supper?
［正］ When did you have supper?
［析］ 英语中一日三餐前无冠词，例如：
［误］ I had a lunch at 12 o'clock.
［正］ I had lunch at 12 o'clock.
［析］ 在某些特定场合，如指某次宴会，则要加冠词，如：The dinner was given in honour of the guest.
dress
［误］ My father bought a new dress for himself yesterday.
［正］ My father bought a new suit for himself yesterday.
［析］ 一般来讲男套装用suit，女服则用dress；作男服的服装店是tailor shop (tailor's), 而做女装的服装店是dressmaker's.
［误］ The mother dressed the clothes on her child.
［正］ The mother dressed her child.
［析］ dress作及物动词当"穿衣服"讲时，其后不能接衣服而只能接人，如：The boy is still too young to dress himself. 但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时，则多用其过去分词作形容词，如：He is not dressed in his new suit.或She is dressed in red. 词组dress up是过节日时应服装整齐，如：They dressed up for the holiday.
dress have on put on wear
要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是have on和wear，如：He has on a white coat. He was wearing heavy shoes. 而put on则表示穿衣的动作，如：Put on your coat,it is cold outside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作，作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服，作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如：I saw a lady dressed in red. I saw a girl dressing herself.
drop
［误］ The students fell their voice.
［正］ The students dropped their voice.
［析］ drop与fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意，有时可以互换，如：The dictionary fell (dropped) from the table. 但drop还可以作及物动词，而fall一般只能作不及物动词。
［误］ I shall drop in you.
［正］ I shall drop in on you.
［析］ drop in是随便拜访某人，而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。
during
［误］ During I was sick，I couldn't eat well.
［正］ While I was sick，I couldn't eat well.
［析］ during后不能接从句，而when和while后可接从句。
［误］ I have been studying English during three days.
［正］ I have been studying English for three days.
［析］ during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间，而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时，不能用完成时。
E
each
［误］ Every of them has his habit.
［正］ Each of them has his habit.
［析］ each可以作形容词，但也可作代词，而every只能作形容词。
［误］ The manager comes to America almost each month.
［正］ The manager comes to America almost every month.
［析］ each与every都作形容词讲时，都有"每个"之意，但有不同。each多指个体，而every则多指整体。如：We want every student to succeed. each不同来表达总体概念，所以不能与almost, nearly， likely等词连用。
［误］ We each has a book.
［正］ We each have a book.
［析］ each 作同位语时，其数应与其同位的名词相同，而each作主语时则应取其单数形式。
each other one another
each other与one another这两个词组的区别在很多语法书中强调each other是两者之间，而one another是多者之间，其实不然，如：All students must care for each other, must love and help each other. 事实上这两个词组是同义的，如果要讲有什么区别的话，当我们非常笼统地谈，而不特指什么人时，多用one another.
early
［误］ Could you come here more early?
［正］ Could you come here earlier?
［析］ 单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用er和est来作其结尾，如fast, soon, early, hard, long, near等。
earth
［误］ What on the earth do you mean?
［正］ What on earth do you mean?
［析］ on earth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气，其意为"究竟"、"到底"。而作为"地球"讲时则要加定冠词，如：How far is the earth from the moon. 而作为"泥土"讲时则为不可数名词，如：He filled the pot with earth and wanted to plant some flowers.
easy
［误］ You can easy imagine my surprise.
［正］ You can easily imagine my surprise.
［析］ easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词，如take it easy (不要紧张)，go easy, stand easy等。 例如：Easy come, easy go. (钱来的容易花的也快. )Easier said than done. (说的容易做着难。)
east
［误］ Japan is on the east of China.
［正］ Japan is to the east of China.
［析］ 在讲述地理位置时，有3个介词常用，它们是in, on和to, 其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内，如：Shanghai is in the east of China. on则表示双方接壤，如：North Korea is on the northeast of China. 而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to, 如：Taiwan is to the east of Fujian.
either
［误］ -I don't like opera.
-I don't like too.
［正］ -I don't like opera.
-I don't like either.
［析］ 在否定句中用either表示"也"，而在肯定句中用too表示"也"。
［误］ Either you or I are right.
［正］ Either you or I am right.
［析］ 这在语法书中被称作就近原则，即哪个主语离谓语动词近，则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词，相同用法的还有neither…nor…，not only…but also…，以及or在连接两个主语时。如：You or he is to go home. The others will have to stay in the classroom.
elder
［误］ My older brother has gone to Shanghai.
［正］ My elder brother has gone to Shanghai.
［析］ 在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示"哥哥姐姐"，如：my elder sister 姐姐，但表示岁数时则多用older，如：She is two years older than I.
empty
［误］ Are these seats empty?
［正］ Are these seats taken?
［析］ empty是指空洞的没有任何物体，如：The house was empty, 其意思是没有任何家具或屋内无人。但座位是否有人坐应用take.
English
［误］ My sister studied English language very well.
［正］ My sister studied the English language very well.
［正］ My sister studied English very well.
［析］ 在泛指某一种学科时，不应加冠词，如：I like history.但如特指某一门学科时则应加冠词，如：He likes the history of America.
enjoy
［误］ I enjoy to play football.
［正］ I enjoy playing football.
［析］ enjoy后要接动名词，而不接不定式。
［误］ Did you enjoy at the English evening?
［正］ Did you enjoy yourself at the English evening?
enough
［误］ I'm sorry. You are not studying enough carefully.
［正］ I'm sorry. You are not studying carefully enough.
［析］ enough要用在形容词或副词之后。
［误］ Do you have enough of money?
［正］ Do you have enough money?
［正］ Do you have enough of the money?
［误］ The coffee isn't enough.
［正］ There isn't enough coffee.
［析］ enough可以作be动词的表语，但其主语应是代词，如：That's enough. It was enough. 如果是名词时应换用上面的句型。
entrance
［误］ The entrance of the cinema is on your right.
［正］ The entrance to the cinema is on your right.
［析］ 在表示通往某处时entrance后面多用to作介词。这样的用法还有key to the door, answer to the question等。
evening
［误］ I walked home in a cold evening.
［正］ I walked home on a cold evening.
［析］ in the evening这一词组如加上另外的修饰词则其介词应换为on.
everyone
［误］ Everyone of you goes to class.
［正］ Every one of you goes to class.
［析］ everyone其后不能接of结构。在否定句中如果要讲"每一个人都没有注意到它"，就译作：Nobody noticed it. 要注意Every one of us is not right. 应译为"我们不都对。"而None of us are right. 才应译为"我们全错了。"
exam
［误］ We take part in an exam.
［正］ We take an exam.
［析］ take part in为"参加"某种活动，运动，而在学科中选择某一学科学习并进行考试应用take.
except
［误］ The room is clean except two desks.
［正］ The room is clean except for two desks.
［误］ I come here every day except for Sunday.
［正］ I come here every day except Sunday.
［析］ 在同一类物体中排除某一部分用except, 在不同类物体中排除某一物体时用except for。而except that其后接从句，如：She is a good girl except that she is careless sometimes. 而besides则是"包括在内"，如"我学习英语同时还学法语。"应译为：I study English besides French.
exercise
［误］ The students exercise spoken English in the morning.
［正］ The students practise spoken English in the morning.
［析］ exercise多指运动、训练，而practise则多指把理论付诸于实践的练习。
［误］ Everyone should do exercises every day.
［正］ Everyone should do exercise every day.
［析］ 作为运动讲exercise是不可数名词，而当"练习"、"体操"、"早操"则是可数名词，例如：I do a lot exercises in the P.E. class.
F
fail
［误］ Tom failed his exam.
［正］ Tom failed in his exam.
［正］ Tom failed to pass the exam.
［析］ fail为不及物动词，其后可用in加名词，或直接接不定式。
family
［误］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's families are waiting for me.
［误］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family is waiting for me.
［正］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family are waiting for me.
［析］ family是集合名词，把它当作整体看它是单数，如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数。如：Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.
far
［误］ My school is ten miles far from here.
［正］ My school is ten miles away from here.
［析］ far一般不与实际距离连用。
［误］ "Did you walk far?"
"Yes，I walked far."
［正］ "Did you walk far?"
"Yes, I walked a long way."
［析］ 一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语，而用a long way.far组成的常用词组有：as far as. ①远至，一直到。如：He walked as far as the station. ②就……而言。如：As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如：I can help you as far as I can. so for到目前为止。例：He is very well so far.
farther further
far有两个比较级，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距离的远近，如：Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further则是指"进一步的"，如：Will we need any further discussion on this matter.
fast
［误］ A fast train runs fastly.
［正］ A fast train runs fast.
［析］ fast其形容词与副词形式相同。
fast soon
fast指行动本身的速度快，如：The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短，时间到来的迅速，如：She will come soon.
feel
［误］ I feel badly about my mistakes.
［正］ I feel bad about my mistakes.
［析］ 感观动词如feel, smell等后面要接形容词而不是副词。feel good是指某人精神好，而feel well是指人身体状况良好。
［误］ I try not to hurt her feeling.
［正］ I try not to hurt her feelings.
［析］ feeling在作"感情"讲时要用复数，而作"感觉"讲则要用单数。如：I have a feeling that we will win the game.
few
［误］ Few of them is very good.
［正］ Few of them are very good.
［析］ few意为"几乎没有"，但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.
［误］ There are less farms than there used to be.
［正］ There are fewer farms than there used to be.
［析］ few的比较级为fewer，其后接可数名词；而little的 比较级为less，其后接不可数名词。
field
［误］ He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.
［正］ He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.
［析］ in the field是"在田野上"或是"在某一学科领域内"，而on the field则多指"在战场上"。如：He lost his life on the battle field.
fill
［误］ She filled orange into my glass.
［正］ She filled my glass with orange.
［析］ 表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fill with词组，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.
fill full
fill是动词，但有及物与不及物两种用法，当表示"充满"之意时是不及物动词，应用fill with，如：The little girl's eyes filled with tears. 而当表示"使……装满某物"时，是及物动词，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with应看作系表结构，如：The boy's mother was filled with anger. full是形容词，要用be full of这一词组，如：The boy was full of joy.
find
［误］ He has finded his lost bike.
［正］ He has found his lost bike.
［析］ find是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为"建立"，它是规则动词，其过去式及过去分词均为founded.
［误］ It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.
［正］ It is very difficult to find a suitable job.
［析］ look for为"寻找"，而find是找到。寻找工作并不难，难的应是找到合适的工作。
find find out
find out意为"找出、算出、发现"，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要侧重点在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.
finish
［误］ I finished to read that book last night.
［正］ I finished reading that book last night.
［析］ 英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语，这样的动词在中考范围内有两个，即finish和enjoy。
fire
［误］ There's no smoke without a fire.
［正］ There's no smoke without fire.
［析］ 此句应译为中文"无风不起浪"。fire作为物质名词"火"讲时为不可数名词，而作为"炉火"、"火灾"讲则是可数名词，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要讲"着火了"要用be on fire, 如：The factory was
on fire.
［误］ The man fired to us.
［正］ The man fired at us.
［析］ fire (on) at均指"向某目标开火"，at用于较小目标，而on用于较大目标。
first
［误］ Is this your firstly visit to Beijing?
［正］ Is this your first visit to Beijing?
［析］ 除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外，这个词已不多见，而均被first取代。first还有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
follow
［误］ I received a letter which ran as follow.
［正］ I received a letter which ran as follows.
［析］ as follows是惯用法，其意为"如下"，不论在任何场合均要用follows.
［误］ As follows are his arguments.
［正］ The following are his arguments.
［析］ as follows主要用于句尾，而the following则用于句首。
food
［误］ Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［正］ Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.
［析］ food泛指食物时为不可数名词，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。
foot
［误］ There is a fivefeetwide bridge.
［正］ There is a fivefootwide bridge.
［析］ 用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。
［误］ We went to college on feet.
［正］ We went to college on foot.
［析］ by后面加接交通工具时，不应加任何冠词，不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后，其前面的介词要作适当的改变，如：I came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.
for
［误］ I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.
［正］ I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.
［正］ I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.
［析］ 用for表示目的时，其后面只能接名词，而不要接动名词。
［误］ I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.
［正］ I went to the office to see the headmaster.
［析］ 用不定式来表示动作的目的。
［误］ I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.
［正］ I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.
［正］ I will leave for Shanghai.
［析］ leave for为一固定搭配，不要改动。
［误］ I bought a book to you.
［正］ I bought a book for you.
［误］ He is a friend for us.
［正］ He is a friend to us.
［析］ 在英文中"为"一词在泛指时用to, 在特指时要用for.
［误］ This food is good to us.
［正］ This food is good for us.
［析］ 词组be good (bad) for 表示"对……有好(坏)处"。
［误］ For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.
［正］ I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.
［析］ for作为"因为"讲时一般不要置于句首，而且口气也比because弱的多。
forget
［误］ I left my key.
［正］ I left my key at home.
［正］ I forgot my key.
［析］ leave是"丢下"之意，所以一定要接地点状语，而forget是"忘记"，所以不用接地点状语。
［误］ I will not forget the rules.
［正］ I will never forget the rules.
［误］ Please don't forget posting my letter on your way home.
［正］ Please don't forget to post my letter on your way home.
［析］ 要注意forget to do something为"忘了去作某事"，而forget doing something则应译为"对已经作过的事记不起来了"。如：He forget returning the book to the library. 应译为"他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了。"同样用法的词还有remember和regret.
free
［误］ You can speak free in front of my parents.
［正］ You can speak freely in front of my parents.
［析］ free作为副词时意为"免费"、"不必付款"，如：You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely则意为"自由地"、"无限制地"。
French
［误］ She comes from French.
［正］ She comes from France.
［析］ French是"法语"、"法国的"，而France才是"法国"。
friend
［误］ He nodded to me friendly.
［正］ He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.
［析］ friendly是形容词，不是副词。在英语中应避免讲He is a friend of my mother. 又比如：I go to school with my friend. 从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法。而应讲He is a friend of my mother's. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 则是"交朋友"之意，例如：I hope you will be friends with me. 而不应讲I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友还有一惯用法是make friends.
from
［误］ Where do you come from?I come from the library.
［正］ Where do you come from?I come from England.
［正］ Where did you come from?I came from the library.
［析］ Where do you come from?应意为"你是从什么国家(地方)来的?"(即意为"你是哪的人?")而Where did you come from? 才是"你刚刚从哪来?"
front
［误］ There are three tall trees in the front of my house.
［正］ There are three tall trees in front of my house.
［析］ in front of是某物体外部的前面，而in the front of是在某物体内部的前面。如：The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.