顾漫作品集txt:高中英语＂反意疑问句＂汇总]

一、There be 句型陈述句比较特殊, 其附加疑问句的结构为there be的倒装，而不带句子主语。例如：
There is something wrong with the computer, isn't there? 这台电脑有点毛病，是不是？
There aren't any fish in the river, are there? 这条河里没有鱼, 是吗?
二、当陈述部分的主语是everyone,everybody, someone, nobody, no one,none, anyone, somebody等合成不定代词时, 在非正式文体中，附加疑问句中的主语通常用he或they。例如：
Someone opened the door, didn't he/they? 有人开了门，是不是？
Nobody went to the cinema, did they? 没人去看电影，是吗？
三、当陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, something, anything等合成词，附加疑问句中的主语用it。例如：
Nothing serious happened, did it? 什么事情也没有发生，对吗？
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切准备就绪了，不是吗？
四、当陈述部分的谓语动词是am的肯定形式时，附加疑问句的谓语动词用aren't，而不用am not;当陈述部分的谓语动词为am not时，附加疑问句的谓语仍用am。例如：
I am five years younger than you, aren't I? 我比你小五岁，不是吗？
I am not late, am I? 我没有迟到，对吗？
五、当陈述部分带有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意义的词时，附加疑问句的动词用肯定形式。例如：
The old man can hardly read, can he? 这位老人不识字，对吗？
Little food has been left, has it? 吃的东西几乎没剩下，是吗？
He has few good friends, has he? 他几乎没有要好的朋友，是不是？
六、当陈述句部分带有否定前缀的词时，此陈述句当作肯定句， 其后的附加部分用否定形式。例如：
The students were impolite, weren't they? 那些学生没有礼貌，不是吗？
It's illegal to drive a car without a license, isn't it? 没有驾照开车是违章的，不是吗？
※ 含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构。例如：
　 You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？
七、如果陈述句是主从复合句而主句的谓语是动词I(we) + think, believe, suppose, imagine, reckon, fancy等词时，附加部分应与从句中的谓语在时态上保持一致。例如：
I suppose you are not serious, are you? 我想你不是当真吧，是吗?（不可用don't I?）
We think they have finished their homework, haven't they? 我们认为他们已经完成了家庭作业，不是吗？
I believe that you will enjoy the party, won't you? 我相信你会喜欢这次聚会的，不是吗？
八、当陈述部分是祈使句时，附加部分可以不与前面的祈使句的动词保持一致，而是根据不同的用意选用shall, will, can 等。例如：
Don't make noise, will you? 不要吵闹，行吗？
Let's help each other, will you/won't you? 让我们互相帮助，好吗？
Let me do it for you, will you/won't you? 让我来帮你做这件事，行吗？
Let us have a look at your new dictionary, will you/won't you? 让我们看一看你的新词典，好吗？
〔注〕Let's（包括说话者本人）开头的祈使句，附加部分常用shall we?或shan't we? 表示征求意见。  Let us/me/him不包括听话人在内开头的祈使句，附加部分则要用will you?或won't you?
九、含had better的陈述句，附加部分用助动词had; 含would 的陈述句，附加部分动词用would。例如：
 You'd better go home now, hadn't you? 你最好现在回家，好不好？
 You'd like to see the film, wouldn't you? 你很想看电影，是吗？
※ 陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：
　　You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？
十、8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：
One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？
※ 当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：
    What you need is more important, isn't it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？
十、附加疑问句有时可用Eh? Right? Am I right? Don't you think? Isn't that so?等。例如：
She didn't pass the entrance examination, eh? 她没有通过入学考试，呃？
They forgot to attend the lecture, am I right? 他们忘记去上那次课了，对不对？
十一、用must表推测的反意疑问句的有关用法 
1）对现在情况的推测，问句部分用主动词（do,be)一般现在时的适当形式。若是现在进行时，问句部分用现在进行时的适当形式表示。若是there be结构，问句用isn't/aren't there。如：
1)He must be there,isn't he?
2)He must have a big family,doesn't he?
3)He must be waiting outside,isn't he?
4)There must be some students in the room,aren't there?
2）对已发生的过去情况的推测，若陈述句谓语部分有“must have done”，而且有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用didn't；若没有表示过去的时间状语，问句部分用haven't或hasn't。如：
1)They must have gone there last night,didn't they?
2)They must have arrived by now,haven't they?（根据by now来判断）
3)They must have been to the Great Wall,haven't they?
3）若是被动，应按被动结构来处理。如：
1)The room must have been cleaned yesterday,wasn't it?
2)The room must have been cleaned,hasn't it?
4）若句中有表示过去完成时的时间状语，问句部分应用hadn't.如:
They must have learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term,hadn't they?
(本题中must表推测，如果将它去掉，还原为真实句就是They had learnt 5000 English words by the end of last term.因此，反意问句是hadn't）