韩国网民评论超级中国:性荷尔蒙影响职业选择？！

你会成为老师,飞行员，护士还是工程师？根据心理学家的说法，性荷尔蒙强烈地影响人们的兴趣，进而影响人们所选择的职业。

"Our results provide strong support for hormonal influences on interest in occupations characterized by working with things versus people," said Adriene M. Beltz, graduate student in psychology, working with Sheri A. Berenbaum, professor of psychology and pediatrics, Penn State. 

“我们的结果为性荷尔蒙影响人们的职业选择（职业按照与事物相关还是与人相关来区分）提供了有力的支撑。”心理学研究生Beltz这样说，她与宾夕法尼亚州心理学与儿科学教授Berenbaum一起进行研究工作。

Berenbaum and her team looked at people's interest in occupations that exhibit sex differences in the general population and are relevant to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) careers. The researchers studied teenagers and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia -- a genetic condition -- and their siblings who do not have CAH. 

Berenbaum和她的团队发现在人们的职业兴趣表现出了总人口上的性别差异，并且这跟科学，技术，工程及数学的职业有联系。研究者将有先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的青少年及青年与没有的人进行对比。

People with CAH are exposed to more androgen -- a type of male sex hormone -- than is normal while in the uterus. Females with CAH are genetically female and are treated as females, but their interests tend to be more similar to stereotypically male ones. 

没有CAH的人比起其在子宫时期外在显露出有更多的雄性激素。具有CAH的女性是通常意义上的女性并且也被当作女生，但是她们的职业兴趣却更接近于严格意义上的男性。

The researchers report in the current issue of Hormones and Behavior that females with CAH were significantly more interested than females without CAH in careers related to things compared to careers related to people. The researchers also found that career interests directly corresponded to the amount of androgen exposure the females with CAH experienced -- those exposed to the most androgen in the uterus showed the most interest in things versus people. 

研究者在最新的文章中指出具有CAH女性的荷尔蒙及行为相对于没有CAH的女性来说，她们显然对与事物相关的工作兴趣要大于与人相关的工作。同时他们也发现职业兴趣与雄性激素的量直接相关，这也暴露了女性的CAH经历，那些在子宫中暴露出最多雄性激素的人显示他们的职业兴趣对与事物西的兴趣要大于人

"We took advantage of a natural experiment," said Berenbaum. "We're suggesting that these interests are pretty early developing." 

“我们利用了自然实验的好处” Berenabaum说，“我们建议这些兴趣应该尽早地被发展。”

Females without CAH had less interest than males in occupations related to things, such as engineer or surgeon, and more interest in careers focused on interacting with people, such as social worker or teacher. There was no significant difference reported between males with CAH and males without the condition. 

没有CAH的女性比起男性来说更加对与事物相关的职业不感兴趣，例如工程师和外科大夫，但是对与人互动的职业则有更浓厚的兴趣，例如社会工作者和老师。在有CAH的男性和没有的男性之间则没有显著的差异。

"We found there is a biological influence on that interest toward things, so maybe women aren't going into STEM careers because what they're interested in -- people -- isn't consistent with an interest in STEM careers," said Beltz. "Maybe we could show females ways in which an interest in people is compatible with STEM careers." 

“我们发现在与事物相关的职业兴趣方面有明显的生物学影响，所以可能女性不会去选择与数学相关的职业是因为他们所感兴趣的是-人-与对数学类职业感兴趣是不协调的。”Beltz说。“或许我们可以从这个角度来看待女性即对与人相关职业感兴趣抑或对数学类职业感兴趣”

The researchers asked the participants to rate each item in a list of 64 occupations, according to whether they would like, dislike or were indifferent to doing that job. The occupations were grouped into six categories of careers -- realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising and conventional. This list and the categories are based on a well-established and validated system often used by vocational counselors. 

研究者要求参与者在一张列有64中职业的表中进行评分，根据是否他们喜欢，不喜欢或者是一般。这些职业被分成六个类别-分别是现实类，调查类，艺术类，社会类，商业类和传统类型。这张表及其职业分类都是基于经常被职业咨询师所使用的一个完善而有效的系统。

The realistic and investigative categories reflect thing-oriented careers like farmer and scientist, social and artistic categories reflect people-oriented jobs such as teacher and artist, and the enterprising category was in the middle with occupations like realtor and hotel manager. 

现实及调查类型反映了以事物为主导类型的职业例如农民和科学家，社会及艺术类别则反映了以人为主导类型的工作例如老师和艺术家，二商业类别在职业倾向中居中例如房产经纪人和酒店管理者。

Also working on this research was Jane L. Swanson, professor of counseling psychology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale. 

南伊利诺伊大学卡本代尔的咨询心理学教授Swanson也同样在进行此

The National Institutes of Health supported this research.

国家卫生研究院为此项研究提供了支持。