西安交大附中官网:人教版八年级英语下册第五单元学案

中学教案学案 2010-03-03 16:53:52 阅读1553 评论5   字号：大中小 订阅

Unit4  He said I was hard-working

Section A

教师寄语：There will be no regret and sorrow if you fight with all your strength. (只要全力拼搏了，就没有遗憾，没有后悔。)

一、         学习目标：

1) Important words: mad, anymore, message, suppose, hard-working

2) Important phrases: watch soap operas, be supposed to do, first of all, pass on, sth. happen on …

3) Important Sentences

① She said she was mad at Marcia.

② She said she was having a party for Lana.

③ What happened on “Young Lives” last night?

④ You are supposed to meet at the bus stop to return it.

4) Grammar: 直接引语和间接引语

二、         重点难点：

1.直接引语与间接引语之间的转化；

2.区分bring/take；

三、学习过程：

 Step1单元语法讲解：（直接引语和间接引语）

 (一) 直接引语和间接引语的含义：

引述别人的话时，一般采用两种形式：一是引用别人的原话，两边用

引号标出，称为直接引语；二是用自己的语言转述别人的话，称为间

接引语。间接引语在句中实际上就是宾语从句。

  (二) 直接引语变间接引语的方法：

1.                                                        从句人称的变化：

由直接引语变间接引语时，从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。

1） 直接引语的主语是第一人称时，变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。eg:① They said,“We will go there by bus”

他们说“我们将乘公共汽车去那儿”。

   → They said they would go there by bus.

他们说他们将乘公共汽车去那儿。

  ② He said,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”

→ He said that he was visiting his aunt next week.

2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。eg:

① She said to me,“Are you interested in science?”

她对我说：“你对自然科学感兴趣吗？”

→ She asked me if /whether I was interested in science.

她问我是否对自然科学感兴趣。

  ② He said to me,“You are hard-working.”

→ He told me that I was hard-working.

3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称时，变为间接引语时人称保持不变。

 eg: His mother said to me,“ He can’t go to school.”

他的妈妈对我说：“他不能去上学”。

→ His mother told me that he couldn’t go to school.

   他妈妈告诉我他不能去上学了。

2.                                                从句时态的变化：

1） 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，直接引语变间接引语时，从局的时态保持不变。

 eg: He says,“I am visiting my aunt next week.”

他说：“我下周要去看望我的姑姑”。

→ He says that he is visiting his aunt next week.

2）如果主句的时态为一般过去时，从句的时态要做相应的变化。

① 一般现在时改为一般过去时；

② 现在进行时改为过去进行时；     

③ 一般将来时改为过去将来时。

 注意：如果直接引语为客观真理、客观事实、自然现象时，变为间接引语时，时态不做变化。

eg: The teacher said to us ,“Light travels faster than sound”.

老师告诉我们：“光传播的速度要比声音传播的速度要快”。       

→ The teacher told us that Light travels faster than sound.

3.                                                句型的变化：

1）如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时要用that来引导，that可省略。 eg: He said,“I like watching TV.”他说：“我喜欢看电视”。

→ He said that he liked watching TV.

2）如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，需用if或whether来引导，且用陈述句语序。eg: He asked me,“ Will you buy the red coat?”

   他问我：“你要买那件红外套吗？”

  → He asked me if/whether I would buy the red coat.

3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，引导词就是特殊疑问词，且用陈述句语序。  eg: She asked me,“Where are you from?”

   她问：“你从哪里来的？” →  She asked me where I was from.

4）如果直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词变为不定

如：tell(  ask , order ,…) sb. (not) to do sth.

 eg: “Open the door.” The teacher said to me.

→ The teacher told me to open the door.

“Don’t open the door.” The teacher said to me.

→The teacher told me not to open the door.

语法针对性练习：

1.She said she ______ sorry for being late.

A.is       B.was       C.were      D.are

2.I asked her ______.

A.why does she want to copy my homework.

B.why did she want to copy my homework.

C.why she wants to copy my homework.

D.why she wanted to copy my homework.

3.My father told me the earth ______ round.

A.is     B.was     C.will be     D.would be

4.She asked me ______ she could use my mobile phone.

A.that     B.for     C.weather     D.if

5.He told us ______ he would buy a new car.

A.which     B. that     C. what    D. if

Step2 Learn the new words

预习导学：

1.mad adj.

① 生气的；气愤的  构成结构：be mad at sb.=_________意为“生某人的气”

eg: 我妈妈很生我的气，因为我没有完成家庭作业。

  My mother is ______ ______ me because I didn’t finish my homework.

② 疯狂的；着迷的   相当于crazy,构成短语：be mad to do sth.

eg: 你开车这么快，一定是疯了。

 You must be mad ______ ______ so fast.

2.not … anymore 不再；再也不

eg: 我将再也不是你最好的朋友了。I_____   be your best friend______.他不再住这儿了。  He ____    live here ______  .

3.first of all 首先 = __________

4.message cn. 消息；信息；口信

 拓展：给某人捎口信 ________给某人留口信 _______发短信 _________

5.pass on 传递  试译：传递给某人某物 __________________________

= pass on sth. to sb.

 eg: 请把钢笔传递给Tom. ____________________________________

     这是Tom的钢笔，请传给他。 ____________________________

6.suppose v. 假定；认为；期望

 短语：be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. 译作：__________

     be not supposed to do sth. = shouldn’t do sth. 译作：__________

   eg: 你应该认真听讲。You _____ _____ _____ _____ carefully.

      你不应该上课迟到。You ____ _____ _____ _____ late for class.

7.hard-working adj. 勤勉的；努力工作的

  eg: 他是一个努力工作的人。He is a _________ person.

      你很努力。You are _________.

预习自测:

根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词或短语：

1.He left a m______ on your table.

2.Don’t ______(生气) her. She is  still too young.

3.They both ______(传递)their sticks at the same time.

4.He ______(归还) my MP3 to me yesterday.

5.They will ______(举办一个惊喜的晚会) for Tom.

Step 3 课文重点知识讲解：

1.                                                        You are supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it.

精讲：return v.

①“归还” 相当于 give back

短语：换给某人某物 return sb. sth.= ___________________

     = give sth. back to sb.

eg: 请把伞还给我。_____________________________________

② return to someplace “返回某地”相当come/go back to some place.

 eg: 他就要回上海了。He will ______ ______ Shanghai.

2.                                                        Lana told Marcia she would bring some books to her house.

区别：bring / take

① bring “拿来，带来”指从别处把物或人带到或拿到说话者所在的位置。

② take “拿走，带走”表示把人或物拿开或带离说话者所在的位置。

③ take with “随身携带”

eg: 明天不要忘了把你的作业带到学校里来。

Don’t forget ______ ______ your homework to school tpmorrow.

请把这些书带给Tom。 Please ______ these books to Tom.

出门时不要忘了带把伞。

Don’t forget ______ ______ an umbrella,when you go out.

【当堂达标】

(一)  单项选择

1.Can you ______ some music CDs to the party?

A.take   B.bring   C.carry   D.borrow

2.She ______ she ______ a party for her sister the next day.

A.says; were having B.said; had

C.says; had         D.said; was having

3.The accidents happened ______ a cold winter morning.

A.in    B.on    C.at    D.of

4.We are supposed ______ there before seven. So we must hurry up.

A.get   B.to get   C.getting   D.not to get

(二) 将下面的句子变成间接引语

1.My mother said：“I am going to make dumplings”.

2.She said：“I do homework every day.”

3.He said：“I will play basketball this night.”

Step3课后反思

我的收获是________________________________________________

我的不足是___________________________________________________

我努力的方向是_________________________________________________

Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.

Section B

教师寄语：

My road is under my own control. 我的路，就在我的掌握之中。

一、学习目标：

1) Vocabulary: do well in, in good health, nervous, envelop, true, disappointing, lucky

2) Important Sentences:

1.I hope that grandma is well now.

2.I had a really hard time with science this semester and I wasn’t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science teacher.

3.That’s all the news I have for now.

4.It’s just that I find science really difficult.

3) Grammar: 直接引语和间接引语

二、重点难点：

1.熟练掌握直接引语和间接引语

2.进一步巩固重点句型

三、学习过程：

Step1 learn the new words

预习导学：

1.do well in 在……方面做得好；擅长……… 相当于________________

eg: 他英语学得好。He ______ ______ ______ English.

他比我更擅长弹钢琴。 He ______ ______ ______ ______ the piano than me.

2.be in good health 身体健康  相当于：_________________

eg: 我希望你身体健康。I hope you ______ ______ ______ ______ .

  拓展：be in danger _________be in trouble _______;be in safety ________

3.nervous adj. 神经紧张的；不安的

试译：变得紧张 ________________ 不要紧张 ________________

 4.envelope n. 信封   试译：一张信封___________

 5.semester n. 学期    相当于：______

 6.true adj. 真实的；正确的；忠诚的   其副词形式为：______

     其名词形式为：______;  tell the truth ________________

   eg: 这是一个真实的故事。This is a ______ story.

7.区别：disappointing / disappointed

① disappointing “令人扫兴的；使人失望的” 常用来修饰物；

② disappointed 指人“感到失望的” 常用来修饰人；

eg: 听到这个令人失望的消息时，我们都感到很失望。

When we heard the ______ news, we all felt ______.

8.lucky adj. 幸运的  其反义词为：______;其副词形式为：______

其名词形式为：______;good luck _______;bad luck __________

eg: 幸运的是他通过了考试。______, he passed the exam.

9. own ① 代词 通常位于形容词性物主代词之后，构成 one’s own …

表示“某人自己的……”eg: 这是他自己的车。This is ______ ______ car.

②  v. 拥有  相当于have eg: 他拥有一所大房子。He ______ a big house.

③  owner n. 主人

    eg: 他是这个小屋的主人。He is the ______ of the small house.

10.get over

① 克服   eg:你能把它克服掉。You can ______ ______ ______.

       ② 恢复   eg:他花了两个月的时间把病养好了。

It took him two months ______ ______ ______ his illness.

11.poor adj. 贫穷的； 其反义词为：_______

      译：在一个贫穷的山村____________________________

12.graduate

① n. （大学）毕业生       译： 一名北大毕业生___________________

② v. 毕业  构成短语：graduate from 意为“从……毕业”

      eg: 他毕业于北京大学。He ______ ______ Peking University.

13.volunteer ① n.志愿者  译：作为一名志愿者______________________

                ② v. 志愿;自愿   构成短语：volunteer to do sth.

            eg:他自愿帮我。He volunteered ______ ______ me.

14.海拔200米_______________; 稀薄的空气_________________

eat的过去式形式为：_________________-

15.decision n. 决定；决心   其动词形式为：_________

   决定做某事：__________________=____________________/________________

16.开拓学生们对外部世界的视野_______________

17.danger n. 危险   其形容词形式为:________

译：出于危险中_______________       脱离险境_________________

预习自测:（用所给词的适当形式填空）

1. ______ (luck),she caught the last bus.

2. Don’t worry about me. Please tell me the ______(true)

3. It is ______ (report) that the new supermarket will be open next week.

4. This is the ______(bad) day I have ever had.

5. He didn’t answer the question. So it made him ______(disappoint)

Step2 课文重点知识讲解：

1.I hope that grandma is well now.

   区别：hope / wish

① hope 表示有可能实现的愿望，其后常跟动词不定时及that从句。

注：不存在 hope sb. to do sth.形式。

eg: 我希望下周见到你。 I ______ ______ ______ you next week.

我希望你明天来。 _______________________________.

我希望如此___________;我不希望如此__________________

② wish 表示愿望实现的可能性不大。

常用句型：wish to do __________; wish sb. to do;__________

以及 wish 后跟that从句（从句多用虚拟语气）。

eg: 我希望有一天我能飞。I wish that I ______ ______ one day.

2.I had a really hard time with science this semester,and I wasn’t surprised to find that my worst report was from my science teacher.

① have a hard time with sth.= have a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事费劲；有困难

eg: 我费了好大的劲才通过这次考试。 I had a hard time ______ this exam.

② be surprised to do sth.“对做……感到惊讶”

eg: 听到那条令人惊讶的消息，我们都感到很惊讶。

 We are ______ to hear the _____ news.

3.That’s all the news I have for now. for now 为固定短语，译作：___________

4.It’s just that I find science really difficult.

find 用法小结：

① find + sth.+ adj./doing 表示发现某物怎么样。

eg: 我发现地上躺着一只狗。I find a dog ______(lie) on the ground.

② find +it +adj.+to do sth.表示发现做某事怎么样。

我发现学英语很难。I find it difficult ______ ______ English.

【当堂达标】（单项选择）

1.In English, she is ______ writing in her class.

A.better at  B.good at  C.the best at  D.the best in

2.I ______ him to stay here for one more week.

A.think   B.make   C.want   D.hope

3.It is ______ nice of you to say so.

A.truly   B.true   C.really   D.real

4.I found ______ to make everyone please with me.

A.that difficult B.it difficult C.that be difficult D.it be difficult

四、课后反思

我的收获是___________________________________________________

我的不足是___________________________________________________

我努力的方向是_________________________________________________

答案：

Unit 4  Section A

语法针对性练习答案：1-5 BDADB

预习导学答案：

1. be angry with; angry with; to drive

2. won’t; anymore; won’t; anymore

3. at first

4. give sb. a message; leave a message to sb.; send a message

5. pass sth. on to sb.; Please pass the pen on to Tom;

   This is Tom’s pen, please pass it on to him.

6.被期望做……；被期望不做……；are supposed to listen;

aren’t supposed to be

7. hard-working; hard-working

预习自测答案:

1. message 2. be mad at 3. pass on 4. returned 5. have a surprise party

课文重点知识讲解答案：

1. return sth. to sb.; Please return the umbrella to me.; return to

2. to bring; take; take with

达标检测答案：一、1-4 BDBB   二、1. My mother said she was going to make dumplings.  2.She said she did homework every day.  3. He said he would play basketball every day.

Unit 4  Section B

预习导学答案：

1. be good at; is good at/does well in; is much better at

2. keep in good health; are in good health; 处于危险中；处于困境中；安全

3. get nervous; Don’t be nervous   4. an envelope

5. term   6. truly; truth; 讲实话； true

7. disappointing; disappointed    8. unlucky; lucky; luck; 好运；倒霉

9. his own; owns; owner       10. get it over; to get over

11. rich; in a poor village

12. a Peking University graduate; graduated from

13. as a volunteer; to help    14. 200 meters above sea level; thin air

15. decide; make a decision to do; decide to do ; make up one’s mind to do

16. open up the students’ eyes to the outside world

17. dangerous; be in danger; out of danger

预习自测答案:

1. luckily  2. truth  3. reported  4. worst 5. disappointing

课文重点知识讲解答案：

1.hope to see; I hope you will come tomorrow.I hope so; I hope not

2.passing; surprised; surprising 3.至今 4. lying; to learn

达标检测答案：1-4 CCCB