高考英语短文改错测试重点及分类解析

　　第一章　　短文改错测试重点及分类解析

　　根据短文改错的命题特点， 我们可以按照以下四步进行备考快速练习。

　　第一步： 审题。通读全文， 了解大意。全面把握文章整体(时态、 题材及内容)。

　　第二步： 重读全文， 应先确定一些明显的错误， 以便疏通短文， 化繁为简， 为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、 句法到行文逻辑三方面着手， 逐句而不是逐行地分析、 找错。

　　第三步： 综观全篇， 看错误类型的比例是否得当、 前后逻辑是否一致、 有无前后矛盾等现象。

　　第四步： 认真检查， 避免出现以下错误： 符号不规范； 一个词改为几个或几个改为一个； 该大写的未大写； 合成词只改了其中一部分等。

　　下面，我们根据词性不同， 来对改错题目进行分类解析。

　　第一节 名 词

　　在短文改错中见到名词时， 应检查是否有数、 格及名词前限定词用法等错误。汉语中的名词在形式上无复数变化， 而是通过在名词前加数词来表示； 英语则不同， 除了在名词前加数词之外， 如果是可数名词， 还应将该名词变为复数形式。

　　1. 检查句中名词的单复数形式是否符合句意。

　　2. 检查句中有无可数名词和不可数名词的误用。

　　3. 检查句中有无所有格的误用。

　　4. 检查句中有无名词前限定词的误用。

　　练 习

　　请改正下列句子中的语法错误， 注意名词的使用。

　　1. He is on good term with me.

　　2. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.

　　3. His opinion is considered to be great value.

　　4. He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school.

　　5. Give me three spoonful of sugar.

　　6. His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian.

　　7. A few peoples live to be a hundred years old.

　　8. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.

　　9. He is a friend of my brother.

　　10. The observation of the law is the first duty of every citizen.

　　注 释

　　1. term → terms, term的复数形式表示条件、 关系， on good terms with...意为“与……关系良好”。

　　2. friend → friends, make friends with...与某人交朋友。

　　3. be great value → be of great value, value是名词， be of+名词=be+形容词。即of great value=greatly valuable。

　　4. girl’s → girls’， 女子高中是a girls’ high school。

　　5. spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可数名词。

　　6. scandinavian → Scandinavian’s。.

　　7. peoples → people此处people作“人讲”， 是复数名词。

　　8. year’s → years’。

　　9. brother → brother’s应是brother’s friends, 其后做了省略。

　　10. observation → observance(遵守), observation意为观察。

　　第二节 动词的谓语形式

　　一、 谓语动词的时态

　　1. 掌握各种时态的用法

　　2. 注意时态的协调一致

　　1)在简单句中， 时态要与时间状语一致。

　　2)当两个或两个以上的谓语共用一个主语时， 其时态要求一致。

　　3)由并列连词连接的两个句子， 时态上也要求一致。

　　4)当遇到宾语从句和间接引语时， 若其主句是过去时， 则在从句中也必须使用过去时。但是当宾语从句表示的是客观事实和真理时， 一般用一般现在时。

　　5)与宾语从句一样， 主语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句的时态也要求和主句的时态一致。

　　6)定语从句和状语从句也要与主句的时态相呼应， 当从句谓语表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生时， 要用相同的时态。

　　二、 谓语动词的语态

　　1. 检查句子是否该用被动语态。

　　2. 检查被动语态形式是否正确。

　　3. 检查被动语态的时态与句中其他时态是否相呼应， 其数是否与其主语一致。

　　三、 谓语动词的语气

　　虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式， 用来表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实， 而是一种与事实相反的愿望、 可能、 推测、 建议、 要求、 假设或主观的设想等。改错时应特别注意：

　　1. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用。

　　2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。

　　3. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用。

　　四、 情态动词

　　下列用法常是短文改错的焦点：

　　1. must表示“必须， 不得不”时， 其否定式是needn’t或do not have to； must not则表示“不许， 禁止”。

　　2. need与dare既可作情态动词， 也可作实义动词； 而作实义动词时， 若要构成问句和否定句， 就需要助动词do/does/did。

　　3. “can+have+过去分词”结构用在疑问句和否定句中， 表示对过去的事情所作的推测。

　　4. “could+have+过去分词”结构除用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测外， 还可用来表示某事有可能在过去发生， 但实际上并没有发生。

　　5. “may/might+have+过去分词”结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测。(“可能已经……了”)

　　6. “must+have+过去分词”结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的肯定判断。(“……一定已经……了吧”)

　　7. “should/ought to+have+过去分词”结构用来表示过去应做而未做的事， 含有自责或责备的语气。(“本来应该……的”)

　　8. “need not+have+过去分词”结构用来表示过去做了没有必要做的事。(“本来不必……的”)

　　练 习

　　1. After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.

　　2. When I reach at the end of a cigarette, my money has gone up in smoke.

　　3. The island has little vegetation(植被)， it scarcely raises above the surrounding sea.

　　4. In our school the teachers would leave most students go out early on Friday afternoons before football games.

　　5. Ours was the first group of swimmers who had dove into the new pool.

　　6. I will like to know where you were born.

　　7. I would like you read it again.

　　8. What will you like to do when you finish your course at Leeds?

　　9. I hope you can visit my country soon, because I’d to show you some lf. the beautiful places near my home.

　　10. My father mustn’t have said such a thing.

　　注 释

　　1. had chose → had chosen.

　　2. reach at → reach, reach是及物动词。

　　3. raises above → rises above, raise是及物动词， rise是不及物动词。

　　4. leave → let.

　　5. had dove → had dived.

　　6. will → would.

　　7. you read → you to read. would you like其后加不定式。

　　8. will → would.

　　9. I’d to → I’d love/like to.

　　10.mustn’t → can’t， 否定推测要用can’t或couldn’t, can’t + have + p.p.表示对过去事情否定推测。

　　第三节 动词的非谓语形式

　　一、 动词不定式

　　1. 不定式可作主语。

　　2. 当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时， 一般要用不定式的被动式。但是在某些形容词后面， 即使是这样， 也不用被动式。

　　3. 某些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。

　　4.当不定式作宾语， 且后面又有宾语补足语时， 通常用it作形式宾语来代替不定式， 而把不定式后置。

　　5. had better, would rather than等词的后面只跟不带to的不定式。

　　6. 动词不定式的一般式表示它与谓语动词同时发生， 或在其后发生； 其完成式则表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。但要注意动词plan, expect, wish, intend, mean, want, would(should) like等后面的不定式的完成式表示原打算要做而最终未做成的事情。

　　二、 动词的-ing形式改错指导

　　以下动词只能跟-ing形式作宾语， 不能跟不定式。如： advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, appreciate, imagine, include, mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等。

　　三、 过去分词改错指导

　　注意下列几组动词的-ing形式和过去分词之间的区别： surprising(令人吃惊的)， surprised(感到惊讶的)； interesting(令人感兴趣的)， interested(感兴趣的)； disappointing(令人失望的)， disappointed(感到失望的)； encouraging(令人鼓舞的)， encouraged(感到鼓舞的)

　　练 习

　　1. I was used to go to the cinema once a week.

　　2. He has never been heard speak ill of others.

　　3. We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security.

　　4. He always enjoys to read a detective story.

　　5. His father would not let him to go.

　　6. It is difficult to make yourself understand in English.

　　7. You should avoid to keep company with such people.

　　8. Smiling graciously, my offer was accepted by him.

　　9. You had better not to go there.

　　10. The doctor advised me giving up to smoke.

　　注 释

　　1. was used to → used to， used to +动词原形表示过去的习惯， be used to+名词/动名词表示习惯的持续。

　　2. speak → to speak， 感观动词/使役动词改为被动语态时， 要将主动态时省去的“to”还原。

　　3. say → said， said是过去分词作补足语， 而it是形式主语。

　　4. to read → reading, enjoy其后只可加动名词。

　　5. to go → go, let是使役动词， 其后接不带to的不定式作补足语。

　　6. understand → understood, make oneself understood译为“使别人了解自己的意图即自己被别人理解”。

　　7. to keep → keeping， avoid其后加动名词作宾语。

　　8. my offer was accepted by him → he accepted my offer， 分词短语smiling graciously的动作执行者是he， 而不是my offer。

　　9. to go → go， had better其后接动词原形。

　　10.giving up to smoke → giving up smoking, advise sb. to do sth.,而give up其后接动名词或名词。

　　第四节 形容词与副词

　　在短文改错中见到形容词和副词时， 检查句中是否误把形容词作副词或误把副词用作形容词， 尤其是一些词形完全一样的形容词与副词。

　　1. 检查句中形容词与副词的位置是否正确。

　　2. 若句中有系动词， 检查其后跟的是形容词还是副词。

　　3. 检查句中有无易混淆的形容词的误用和易混淆的副词的误用。

　　4. 检查句中有无形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成错误。

　　5. 检查句中有无形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的使用错误。

　　6. 检查并列结构前后形容词与副词的级别是否对等。

　　练 习

　　1. He was impossible to find it out.

　　2. You should be respectable towards your teachers.

　　3. I am absolutely uncapable to tell a lie.

　　4. I’ll be convenient next Sunday.

　　5. You must make your parents happily.

　　6. He looked differently after his return from Europe.

　　7. The number of girls is very few.

　　8. This shirt is wool(l)en.

　　9. Let asleep dogs lie.

　　10. All the present students must cast their votes.

　　注 释

　　1. impossible → unable. Impossible是非人称形容词， 不可用来修饰人， 或可用It is impossible for him to find it out.

　　2. respectable → respectful(恭敬的), respectable(可尊敬的)。

　　3. uncapable → unable/uncap able to tell或incapable of telling, capable的反义词是incapable, be unable to+动词原形， be incapable of + doing(没有能力做)。

　　4. I’ll be convenient next Sunday → Next Sunday will be convenient to me ,convenient是非人称形容词。

　　5. happily → happy, 这里是宾语+宾语补足语。

　　6. differently → different, look是感观动词， 其后要用形容词修饰其主语。

　　7. few → small， 主语The number(表示数目)用small/large表示大小。

　　8. is woolen → (made) of wool, 该句还可写为“This is a woolen shirt.” woolen只可用作定语， 不可用作表语。

　　9. asleep → sleeping, asleep是睡熟的， 不可用作定语。Let sleeping dogs lie.(勿惹是生非， 勿打草惊蛇)。

　　10.the present students → the students present(出席的学生), the peasant students(现在的学生)。

　　第五节 冠 词

　　1. 检查有无两个不定冠词之间的误用。

　　2. 检查有无定冠词不定冠词之间的误用。

　　3. 检查有无漏用冠词的情况。

　　4. 检查有无错用冠词的情况。

　　练 习

　　1. Last Sunday we went to school to play basketball.

　　2. Plato left behind him a view of the universe set forth in his dialogue in an unique combination of logic and drama.

　　3. I have read a interesting story.

　　4. What kind of a book do you have?

　　5. You’re in right; it’s not your fault.

　　6. The most of us are flattered when we receive a compliment.

　　7. Why are you at home in such a fine weather?

　　8. He was elected the Mayor of New York.

　　9. Horse is useful animal.

　　10. Goldsmith is said to have traveled from a place to a place.

　　注 释

　　1. school → the school， 表示去某场所而不是去上学(go to school)。

　　2. an → an unique［ju?蘖nik］其第一音素是辅音。

　　3. a → an.

　　4. a book → book, kind of后面名词不加不定冠词。

　　5. right → the right, in the right(有理)， 而in right右边。

　　6. The most → Most, most表示大多数时不加the。

　　7. in such a fine weather → in such fine weather. weather是不可数名词。

　　8. The Mayor → Mayor独一无二的官职、 头衔， 职称作补足语或表语时不加冠词。

　　9. horse → A horse， horse是可数名词单数形式其前面必须有冠词， 不可单独使用在句子中。

　　useful animal → a useful animal.

　　10.from a place to a place → from place to place, 两个相对等的名词由and连接表示一种习惯用语时不加冠词。

　　第六节 代 词

　　一、 人称代词改错指导

　　1. 注意人称代词单复数的使用。

　　2. 注意人称代词主格和宾格的区别。

　　二、 物主代词改错指导

　　对物主代词的考查主要涉及：

　　1. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的区别。

　　2. 物主代词指代的使用。

　　三、 反身代词改错指导

　　表示“某人自己”的代词称作反身代词。它在句中可作宾语、 同位语和状语， 但不能作主语。在使用反身代词时， 同样要注意其单复数和人称必须与所指代的名词一致。

　　四、 不定代词改错指导

　　常用的不定代词有some, any, no, none, many, much, few, little, each, every, one, all, both, either, other, another, others及由some, any, no, every构成的复合词。不定代词的用法较复杂， 需要考生特别注意。

　　五、 指示代词改错指导

　　指示代词有this, that, these, those, it, such, same等。this和these一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物， 也常用来指后面要提到的事情， 有启下的作用。that和those则常用来指时间或空间上较远的人或物， 也可用来代替前面出现过的名词， 以免重复。

　　练 习

　　1. Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.

　　2. Depend upon that he will come here.

　　3. Whom do you think is the writer of this book?

　　4. His brother’s case is quite different from me.

　　5. The population of London is two times as large as this city.

　　6. People find increasingly difficult to make their living.

　　7. “I must say good-bye now.” “So I must.”

　　8. He is taller than any one in his class.

　　9. I spoke a man who I thought to be my cousin.

　　10.Only yesterday the hotel manager assured my husband and me that he would accept our reservation for a room.

　　注 释

　　1. whomever → whoever, 这里是由whoever引导的宾语从句作for的宾语， 而whoever在从句中作主语。

　　2. Depend upon that → Depend upon it that, that所引导的从句不可作介词宾语， 必须加上it， 再由that引导定语从句。

　　3. Whom → Who， 这里do you think是插入语， 这里who是作句子主语。

　　4. me → mine。

　　5. as this city → as that of this city,这里的that 代替the population作比较的部分是不可省略的。

　　6. find → find it， 这里的it是形式宾语， 而to make their living是不定式作宾语。

　　7. So I must. → So must I.

　　8. any one → anyone else， 这里he也包含在他的班级里， 所以应加else， 表示他比其他的人高。

　　9. spoke → spoke to

　　10. I → me， 这里与husband一起作assured的宾语。

　　第七节 数 词

　　1. 检查有无基数词与序数词之间的误用。

　　2. 检查在表示几百、 几千、 几百万等数字时表述是否正确。

　　3. 检查分数的表达是否正确。

　　4. 检查在表示“历史上的几十年代和某人几十岁时”的表达方式是否正确。

　　5. 检查数词与其他词构成的复合形容词是否正确。

　　练习

　　1. About three-fifth of the workers of that steel works are young people.

　　2. When he was in his fifty, he moved to England.

　　3. 439 is four hundreds and thirty-nine.

　　4. The sun is 93 millions miles away from the earth.

　　5. This big steel plant has a thousand of workers.

　　6. Hundred of people attended the meeting last night.

　　7. People lived a hard life in forties.

　　8. 333 is three hundred thirty-three.

　　9. He wrote a two-thousand-words report.

　　10. There are about three hundreds people in the park on National Day.

　　注 释

　　1. three-fifth → three-fifths， 分数表达法是分子用基数词， 分母用序数词， 当分子大于1时， 分母应加s。

　　2. fifty → fifties, in his fifties(在他五十多岁时)， in the fifties(在50年代)。

　　3. hundreds → hundred.

　　4. millions → million.

　　5. a thousand of warders → a thousand worker. Hundred, thousand, million等词在表示具体数字时， 都不加s， 在表示不确定数字时加s， 同时加of， 如： hundreds of数百； thousands of 数千。

　　6. Hundred → Hundreds.

　　7. forties → the forties， 指40年代。

　　8. hundred → hundred and.

　　9. two-thousand-words → two-thousand-word.

　　10. hundreds → hundred.

　　第八节 介 词

　　1. 检查介词有无误用。

　　2. 检查句中有无遗漏介词， 特别要注意作定语用的不定式后是否缺少必要的介词。

　　3. 检查句中有无多余的介词。

　　4. 检查句中介词与动词、 名词、 形容词、 副词等的搭配是否正确。

　　练 习

　　1. You must write your letter with ink.

　　2. A man is known to the company he keeps.

　　3. The field was dotted the great yellow hats of peasants.

　　4. Don’t approach to a work of art in such a spirit.

　　5. The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.

　　6. I was impressed at the zeal which he spoke of the plan.

　　7. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.

　　8. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill.

　　9. It is known to everyone that butter is made of milk.

　　10. The girl is proud of that her family is well descended.

　　注 释

　　1. with → ink, ink用于使用之材料， with用于工具或媒介。

　　2. to → by, be known to sb.， 为某人所熟悉， 本句是谚语“观其友而知其人”。

　　3. dotted → dotted with, be dotted with(点缀着……)。

　　4. approach to → approach, approach是及物动词。

　　5. absorbed → absorbed in, be absorbed in(专心于……)。

　　6. at → with, which → with which, be impressed with(被……所感动)， with which起副词作用。

　　7. at → on, insist on(坚持)。

　　8. reached to → reached, reach是及物动词。

　　9.of → from, made from...是指制作过程中发生性质变化， made of是物质质地未变。

　　10. proud of that → proud that, that从句前的介词of必须省略。

　　第九节 连 词

　　1. 并列句中， 检查并列连词的使用是否正确， 有无遗漏并列连词的情况。

　　2. 复合句中， 检查从属连词的使用是否正确。

　　3. 检查主语从句和同位语从句前的连词是否遗漏。

　　4. 检查有无连词之间的误用， 尤其是if和whether之间的误用。

　　练 习

　　1. We become more and more impatient of interruptions when the years go on.

　　2. It was not until it began to rain when I noticed his umbrella left in my car.

　　3. At the age of six, my father took me to the circus for the first time.

　　4. He acted like he had never been in a museum before.

　　5. You’ll be permitted to bring a watch so that you may keep track of the time during you are taking the test.

　　6. It was not long since they made their appearance.

　　7. It was not so much the amount of the money but the money itself that surprised him.

　　8. There may not be much choice between this one or that.

　　9. We must eat for we may live.

　　10. Which do you like better, coffee and black tea?

　　注 释

　　1. when → as,随着。

　　2. when → that, It is(was)not until...that是not...until的强调句型。

　　3. At the age of six → When I was six years old, At the age of six用于句中是指my father。

　　4. like → as if, as if可以引导虚拟语气的结构。

　　5. during → while, during是介词， 不可引导从句。

　　6. since → before, not long before(不久……就……)。

　　7. but → as, not so much...as(与其说……不如说)。

　　8. or → and, between...and...(在……与……之间)。

　　9. for—that, that(so that, in order that)+may(might)(为了……)表示目的的连接词， 而for为表示原因的连接词。

　　10. and—or， 表示选择。

　　第十节 从句与一致关系

　　一、 名词性从句

　　短文改错对名词性从句的考查侧重于连词的选择和从句的时态。

　　1. 检查语序是否正确。

　　2. 检查连接词是否误用。

　　3. 检查是否漏掉了连接词， 尤其是主语从句和同位语从句中的that。

　　4. 检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确。

　　5. 检查主语从句与谓语的数是否一致。

　　6. 检查主语从句后置时， 作形式主语的it是否出现。

　　7. 检查有无if与whether的误用。

　　二、 定语从句

　　定语从句的改错主要涉及关系代词、 关系副词的运用以及定语从句中的主谓一致问题。

　　1. 判断关系代词及关系副词的使用是否正确。

　　2. 判断先行词与定语从句的谓语动词的数是否一致。

　　3. 检查关系代词的格的使用是否正确， 尤其是在关系代词作主语和介词前置时。

　　4. 检查有无关系副词与介词重复使用的情况。

　　5. 检查有无漏掉作主语的关系代词的情况。

　　6. 检查非限制性定语从句的关系代词使用是否正确。

　　7. 检查定语从句中除了关系代词或关系副词外， 是否还有多余的代词或副词。

　　三、 一致关系

　　1. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了语法一致的原则。

　　2. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了意义一致的原则。

　　3. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了邻近原则。

　　练 习

　　1. My roommate lives in a small town in central Missouri, a quiet town which I would like to live myself.

　　2. The United States is composed of fifty states; two of those are separated from the others by land or water.

　　3. What far is it from here to the station?

　　4. They want to know how they can do to help us.

　　5. —Who’s got all my money?

　　—I do.

　　6. You smoke again! Why not to give it up?

　　7. These photos will show you how our village looks like.

　　8. Someone is at the door. Who is he?

　　9. —Those shirts are very expensive.

　　—Do you know how they cost?

　　10. —Who you think is the richest man in this town?

　　—I think Mr. Kim is.

　　注 释

　　1. which → where， to live → to live in， live是不及物动词。

　　2. of those → of which, those不是关系代词， 不可引导定语从句。

　　3. What → How, what修饰名词， 而how修饰形容词、 副词， 用于感叹句。

　　4. how → what， what作引导词， 同时作they can do中动词do的宾语。

　　5. I do → I have.

　　6. to give it up → give it up, why not其后接不带to的不定式。

　　7. how → what, 从句中looks like中的like是介词， 提问的是like后的宾语。

　　8. he → it.

　　9. how → how much/what.

　　10. who you think → who do you think， do you think是插入语， 去掉插入语， 应是陈述语序的疑问句。

　　第十一节 倒装与省略

　　1. 检查是否有该倒装而未倒装的情况。

　　2. 检查是否有该省略而未省略的情况。

　　练 习

　　将下列各句改为倒装句， 并强调划线部分的语气。

　　1.The defeated army ran away, leaving many wounded soldiers.

　　2.We can know the past, but we only feel the future.

　　3.The news impressed me so strongly that I could not utter a word for some time.

　　4.Our eyes are opened only after we have made a mistake.

　　5.I have often heard it said that he is not trustworthy.

　　6.His faithful dog sat by his side.

　　7.We must in no case imagine that material comfort is the final goal of human happiness.

　　8.I never expected that the man would turn up at the meeting.

　　9. I found so many happy people nowhere else.

　　10. he said good-bye to me and he drove off.

　　注 释

　　1. Away ran the defeated army....

　　2. ...but the future we only feel.

　　3. So strongly did the news impress me that....

　　4. Only after we have made a mistake are our eyes opened.

　　5. Often have I heard it said....

　　6. By his side sat his faithful dog....

　　7. In no case must we imagine....

　　8. Never did I expect that....

　　9. Nowhere else did I find....

　　10. He said good-bye to me, and off he drove.

　　第二章

　　短文改错综合练习

　　Exercise 1

　　It is Sunday today. I have been studying all day long. On 1. _______

　　the morning, I had dry breakfast. We had no water to2. _______

　　drink because the water supply had cut off. The water had 3. _______

　　come back in the evening. I did maths then. I didn’t stop after 4. _______

　　12 o’clock. After a short lunch I had the break. Then I went to5. _______

　　my Sunday English class.

　　After a long and tired class for more than two hours, I got 6. _______

　　to home. Some work had been done but some hadn’t. I must 7. _______

　　review all my subject such as the Sciences and the Humanities, 8. _______

　　which include Chinese, English, Politics and History as 9. _______

　　well. That’s terribly! Especially when there was no water. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. On改为In。in the morning为固定搭配。

　　2. dry前加a。一般来讲， 三餐前不加任何冠词， 但当三餐前有形容词修饰时， 则必须在形容词前加不定冠词。如：We usually have breakfast at eight. I have a wonderful breakfast this morning.

　　3. 第一个had后加been。根据逻辑， 此处应为被动语态。

　　4. after改为until。构成“not...until...”句型。

　　5. the改为a。have a break意为“休息一会儿”， 为固定搭配。

　　6. tired改为tiring。tired为形容词“劳累的”， 多用来修饰人； tiring也为形容词， 意为“令人劳累的”， 用来修饰事物。

　　7. 删去to。home为副词。

　　8. subject改为subjects。subject是可数名词。

　　9. 此行无错。

　　10.terribly改为terrible。系动词后要用形容词。

　　Exercise 2

　　Dear students,

　　The Students’ Union was going to hold an English Speech 1. _______

　　contest in the evening of December 30. The purpose 2. _______

　　is increase the students’ interest in learning English and 3. _______

　　improve their spoken English. Which is going to be held in4. _______

　　the school main hall and will begins at 7:30. And the 5. _______

　　best five students of this English contest will be given6. _______

　　prizes. Someone in Grade Three will be 7. _______

　　welcome to take part in it. Those would like to take part 8. _______

　　in this contest should go to the office of the Students’9. _______

　　Union and sign it up your names and the topics of your 10. ______

　　English Speech.

　　Welcome to this great fun!

　　答案及解析

　　1. was改为is。

　　2. in改为on。指具体某一天的晚上， 要用介词on。

　　3. is后加to。此处为不定式作表语。

　　4. Which改为It。此处应用it指代前文的an English Speech contest， 如用which指代则无主句。

　　5. begins改为begin。will后需用动词原形与will共同构成谓语部分。

　　6. 此行无错。

　　7. Someone改为Everyone。everyone侧重整体， 指“每个人”； someone侧重个体， 意为“某个人”。

　　8. Those后加who。此处用who引导定语从句。

　　9. go改为come。根据文章第一句话可知， 此通知发出者是the Students’ Union。所以要用come而不用go。

　　10. 删去it。此句中已有宾语your names， 不需用it。

　　Exercise 3

　　Listening to foreign broadcast easier 1. _______

　　if we know something about. There are clues 2. _______

　　that can help us. One clue is the time of 3. _______

　　day. Morning programs usually contains many 4. _______

　　short items of news, informations, etc. The 5. _______

　　items are short because of most of us are 6. _______

　　getting ready to going to work in the 7. _______

　　morning. Often we do not have time listen 8. _______

　　to long programs. There are time for more 9. _______

　　details about the subjects discuss in evening programs.10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. easier前加is。此处应构成“主语+系动词+表语”句型。

　　2. about后加it。about是介词， 后面应接名词、 代词、 动名词作宾语。

　　3. 此行无错。

　　4. contains改为contain。主谓一致错误。主语programs为复数形式。

　　5. informations改为information。information为不可数名词。

　　6. 删去because后面的of。because后面应接一个句子； 而because of后面应接名词、 代词、 动名词。

　　7. going改为go。be ready to do sth.为固定短语， 意为“准备做某事”。

　　8. listen前为to。have time to do sth.意为“有时间做某事”。

　　9. are改为is。主谓一致错误。主语time为不可数名词， 谓语应用单数形式。

　　10. discuss改为discussed。非谓语动词错误。此处动词discuss与其逻辑主语subjects应为被动关系， 故用discussed作定语。

　　Exercise 4

　　Life on earth depends the sun. Day after 1. _______

　　day we see its light and feel its warm, but we 2. _______

　　do not often consider about its origin. 3. _______

　　Yet there are many remarkable things about the 4. _______

　　sun. One is their distance from the earth. Even 5. _______

　　if it could be made, a trip to the sun would spend a long 6. _______

　　time even by the fastest rocket. 7. _______

　　The sun is a large satellite. The planet 8. _______

　　earth is very small in comparison. The sun make 9. _______

　　us to feel hot, even at a distance of 93 million miles. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. depend后加on。此处depend为不及物动词， 应与on连用， 表示“依赖， 依靠”。

　　2. warm改为warmth。warm为形容词， 在its后应用名词warmth作feel的宾语。

　　3. 删去about。此处consider为及物动词， 直接接宾语。

　　4. 此行无错。

　　5. their改为its。依上文此处指代“太阳的”。

　　6. spend改为take。take应由物作主语， 表示时间或金钱的花费， 而spend则通常用人作主语。

　　7. by改为in。in the fastest rocket为固定用法， 表示具体的运输工具。

　　8. satellite改为star。satellite意为“卫星”， star多用来指恒星。

　　9. make改为makes。此处make应与主语第三人称单数the sun保持一致。

　　10. 删去to。当不定式作make的宾语补足语时， 应省略to。

　　Exercise 5

　　After I finished the school this year, I began to 1. _______

　　look for work. Now several month later, I still hadn’t2. _______

　　found the job that I was interested. Last Sunday morning3. _______

　　I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr. Smith. 4. _______

　　He said to me on the phone, “I hear you do very 5. _______

　　well in your studies. I may provide a job for you.” I entered 6. _______

　　his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I 7. _______

　　will go through the job -hunting talk today and he would8. _______

　　take me on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised, 9. _______

　　what he said disappointing. He only needed a model. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. 删去the。冠词错误。finish school意为“完成学业， 毕业”， school为抽象名词， 前不加冠词。

　　2. month改为months。名词单复数错误。several修饰可数名词复数形式。

　　3. interested后加in。介词错误。be interested in是固定词组。

　　4. him改为himself。代词错误， 根据文意应为“自称是”。

　　5. do改为did。动词错误。句意应为“我听说你(过去)学习不错”， 因为现已毕业。

　　6. 此行无错。

　　7. beaten改为beating。非谓语动词错误。a beating heart相当于a heart which is beating。

　　8. will改为would。动词时态错误。主句是过去时， 宾语从句要用相应的时态。

　　9. surprised改为surprise。to one’s surprise/joy为习语搭配， 只能是名词。

　　10. said后加was。动词谓语漏用错误。What he said是主语从句， was disappointing是谓语。

　　Exercise 6

　　Once an old man saw a bag on his way to home. 1. _______

　　In the bag there was a wolf. It was catching and put in 2. _______

　　the bag by a shepherd(牧羊人) a few minutes ago.

　　The wolf asked the old man to let him out.3. _______

　　The old man took pity on him and opened bag.4. _______

　　When the wolf got out, said to the old man, “I am very hungry. 5. _______

　　I want to eat you.” The other old man could do nothing 6. _______

　　and cry for help. Just then the shepherd came and saw this. 7. _______

　　He beat the wolf to death by a stick. Then he said to the 8. _______

　　old man, “wolves want to eat men all the time. It’s nature 9. _______

　　will never change. We should took this as a good lesson.” 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. 删去to。home是副词， 前面不能接介词。

　　2. catching改为caught。主语it与catch的关系为被动关系， 故用was caught。

　　3. 此行无错。

　　4. bag前加the。bag在此重复提到， 为特指。

　　5. said前加he。代词漏用错误。此句缺少主语， 并且要与上文him保持一致。

　　6. 删去other。接上下文没有“另一个老人”。

　　7. and(cry)改为but(cry)。can do nothing but意为“只得做”， 为习惯搭配。

　　8. by改为with。介词错误。“用……工具”常用“with...”。

　　9. It’s改为Its。同音词混淆错误。此处应为“它的本性”。

　　10. took改为take。情态动词后应接动词原形。

　　Exercise 7

　　Dear Sir,

　　I’m glad to recommend (推荐) to you my friend Li Ming.

　　Li Ming was born on July 15, in 1974 in Beijing. 1. _______

　　He graduated from Xisi Primary School in 1986. 2. _______

　　When he was in the middle school, he did good in maths, 3. _______

　　physics and chemistry and fond of art. After graduating 4. _______

　　from No.4 High School, he entered into Beijing 5. _______

　　University study physics. After four years of hard 6. _______

　　work there, he went to the United States for farther7. _______

　　study. Because of his excellent work, he get a doctor’s 8. _______

　　degree in physics this year. He is now in good

　　health but would like to make contributions to our 9. _______

　　country. I should be most grateful if you would favorably

　　consider my recommendation.

　　Looking forward to receive your early reply.10. ______

　　Yours truly,

　　Wang Li

　　答案及解析

　　1. 删去1974前的in。时间状语是年、 月、 日的只需用一个介词； 但若是年、 月、 日、 时的， 则要用at six thirty, on the morning of May 4th, 2001。

　　2. 此行无错。

　　3. good改为well。固定词组be good at, do well in意为“在……学得很好”。

　　4. fond前加was。动词谓语残缺错误。fond是形容词， and引导并列谓语结构， 故用词组was fond of。

　　5. 删去into。动词enter是及物动词， 直接接宾语。

　　6. study前加to。此处用不定式短语作目的状语。

　　7. farther改为further。farther意为“更远的”， 表示实际距离； further意为“深远的， 进一步的”， 指抽象概念， 这里为“深造学习”， 应用further study。

　　8. get改为got。时态错误。

　　9. but改为and。根据上下文逻辑， 前后两分句为并列递进关系， 而非转折关系。

　　10. receive改为receiving。look forward to中的to为介词， 后面应接名词或动名词。

　　Exercise 8

　　Sept. 10th Wednesday Fine

　　Today is Teacher’s Day. I attended a celebration1. _______

　　meeting hold by our school. At the meeting, 25 2. _______

　　advanced teachers were praised and those had3. _______

　　completed 30 years of teaching were given medals.4. _______

　　My the first English teacher was one of those praised.5. _______

　　After the meeting, my classmates and I went to see them.6. _______

　　Seeing us, the grey-haried teacher looked

　　exciting. When we said we all wanted to be teachers 7. _______

　　and devoted ourselves to education in the future, he8. _______

　　nodded with satisfaction. He said in firm voice, 9. _______

　　“teaching is a noble job. Man would be stupid with 10. _______

　　education.” We all agreed and were greatly encouraged by his words.

　　答案及解析

　　1. Teacher’s改为Teachers’。“……(人)的节日”一般用名词复数表泛指。如： Children’s Day, Women’s Day等。

　　2. hold改为held。此处为过去分词作定语表被动关系。

　　3. had前加who。仔细分析句子结构便可知此处应为定语从句， those或all等词后只能接who， 不能用that。

　　4. 此行无错。

　　5. 删去the。序数词前有my等形容词性物主代词时， 不需要用定冠词。

　　6. them改为him。代词指代应一致。根据下文the grey-haired teacher看出， 此处应为him。

　　7. exciting改为excited。人作主语时， 表语一般用过去分词； 物作主语则用现在分词。

　　8. devoted改为devote。根据句意可知， and后的devote应与不定式短语be teachers并列。

　　9. in后加a。in a loud/low voice为固定短语。

　　10. with改为without。介词逻辑错误。根据常识可判断， 该处想表达的原意为“没有教育， 人类将会愚昧无知”。

　　Exercise 9

　　The other day my brother Tom was beginning his 1. _______

　　motorbike then our neighbor, Mary came out and asked 2. _______

　　him if he was going near the station. So he offered her a lift.

　　She got at the back of the motorbike and3. _______

　　they drove away. Just before they reached to the station4. _______

　　a policeman waved to them to stop. “Excuse me, sir,” he

　　said. “You are not sitting on that motorbike properly.”

　　“What’s matter with the way I’m sitting?” my brother5. _______

　　asked in surprise. “Not you, sir. It’s a young lady,” said 6. _______

　　the policeman. “In this country side-saddle(偏座) is not 7. _______

　　permitted when one ride a motorbike.” Mary made an excuse 8. _______

　　that she was from Italy, where it isn’t considering to9. _______

　　break the law when people take the side-saddle.

　　The policeman shook head and drove away.10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. beginning改为starting。begin和start都有“开始”的意思， 但start还可指开动机器等。该句中表示“开动， 发动”， 因此应用start。

　　2. then改为when。当前一个分句动作正在进行时， 突然又发生了另一动作， 应用连词when。

　　3. at改为on。get on为固定的动词短语， 意为“上车”。

　　4. 删去to。reach为及物动词， 其后不接介词。

　　5. matter前加the。“What’s the matter with...?”是日常生活中常用口语句型。

　　6. a改为the。这里的young lady特指上文的青年妇女， 其前应用定冠词the。

　　7. 此行无错。

　　8. ride改为rides。在when引导的时间状语从句中， 主语为第三人称单数， 谓语为一般现在时态， 也应用动词第三人称单数。

　　9. considering改为considered。在where引导的非限制性定语从句中， 主语是谓语动作的承受者， 应为被动语态。

　　10. head前加his。head为可数名词， 其前应加限定词。

　　Exercise 10

　　Japan is a beautiful country, covering with many1. _______

　　tiny rivers and high mountains. Japan is also a pleased 2. _______

　　country. It is known for “the land of the cherry blossom3. _______

　　(樱花)” because of the spring of the year the cherry 4. _______

　　trees are so beautiful. Everywhere there are hundred of 5. _______

　　different kinds of wild flowers. Where there are

　　not natural gardens, the Japanese 6. _______

　　has made their own. Because the islands are so hilly7. _______

　　there is a great shortage of the soil, so very little bit 8. _______

　　is used. No matter how tiny may be, every home has its 9. _______

　　own little garden. Japan is a country worthy of a visit. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. covering改为covered。be covered with是固定搭配， 意为“为……所覆盖”， 此处过去分词短语作后置定语， 修饰country。

　　2. pleased改为pleasant。pleased意为“感动高兴的”， 通常用来指人； pleasant意为“令人高兴的”， 通常用来指物。

　　3. for改为as。be known for是“因……而众所周知”的意思； be known as意为“以……知名”。

　　4. of改为in。此处because引导原因状语从句， 从句中in the spring of the year作时间状语。

　　5. hundred改为hundreds。固定词组hundreds of意为“数以百计的”。

　　6. not改为no。not为副词， 不能修饰名词； 修饰名词gardens应用no。

　　7. has改为have。the Japanese指的是日本人民， 应用复数形式。

　　8. 删去the。soil为物质名词， 其前不用定冠词。

　　9. tiny后加it。此处让步状语从句缺主语。

　　10. 此行无错。

　　第三章　　历年高考改错真题

　　(1996年～2007年)

　　NMET 1996

　　Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit 1. _______

　　to a American family. They live in a small 2. _______

　　town. It was very kind for them to meet me 3. _______

　　at the railway station and drove me to their home.4. _______

　　The Smiths did his best to make me feel 5. _______

　　at home. They offered me coffee and other 6. _______

　　drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing 7. _______

　　together. They eager to know everything about 8. _______

　　China and asked me lots of question. In fact, 9. _______

　　they are planning to visit China in next year.10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. 删去 time。

　　2. 第一个 a 改为 an。

　　3. for 改为 of。

　　4. drove 改为 drive。to meet 和 to drive 是平行结构， 可视为 drive 前省略 to。

　　5.his改为their。此处为指代错误。因为指史密斯夫妇， 故用their。

　　6. 此行无错。

　　7. have改为had。综观全篇可知， 此处应为一般过去时态。

　　8. 在eager前加were。eager是形容词， 需与系动词共同构成谓语。

　　9. question改为questions。此处为可数名词。

　　10. 删去in。含有this, last, next等的时间状语前不加介词。

　　NMET 1997

　　Dear Bob,

　　Hello. I learn about you from my English teacher, 1. _______

　　Miss Fang. I’d like to your penfriend, and get to 2. _______

　　know more about your country.

　　First, let me tell you something more about myself.3. _______

　　My name is Li Hua. I live in Beijing, where is the 4. _______

　　capital of China. I go to Hongqi Middle School. We5. _______

　　study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, 6. _______

　　English and physics. I use to play ping-pong a lot7. _______

　　in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.8. _______

　　Do you play any ball games? What your favorite9. _______

　　sport? I look forward to hear from you soon. 10. ______

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　答案及解析

　　1. learn 改为 learnt或learned。

　　2. to 后加 be 或 become。

　　3. 删去more。第一次告诉 Bob 关于自己的一些事情， 此处用 more 不合逻辑。

　　4. where 改为 which。在此非限定性定语从句中， 关系词在从句中作主语， 故用 which。

　　5. 此行无错。

　　6. subject 改为 subjects。quits a few 意为“相当多”， 修饰可数名词复数。

　　7. use 改为 used。据下文 but now 可知， 此处应用used to do 表示“过去常常 做某事”。

　　8. interesting 改为 interested。be interested in…为固定短语， “对……感兴趣”。

　　9. What 后加 is。此句无谓语。

　　10. hear 改为 hearing。look forward to doing sth.为固定短语。

　　NMET 1998

　　My Favorite Sport

　　My favorite sport is football. I was a member of 1. _______

　　our school football team. We practise for three times 2. _______

　　every week and often watch football match on TV 3. _______

　　together. Play football not only makes us grow 4. _______

　　tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and 5. _______

　　team spirit. We must keep in mind that we play6. _______

　　for the team instead ourselves. Also, the sport 7. _______

　　teaches us the important of obedience (服从). Each8. _______

　　player must obey captain, who is the leader of 9. _______

　　the team. And they must not break the rules too 10. ______

　　often if we want to win the game.

　　答案及解析

　　1. was 改为 am。综观全篇时态可知。

　　2.删去 for。time 表示次数时， 之前一般无介词， 直接用作状语。如： We have meals three times a day。

　　3. match 改为 matches。

　　4. Play 改为 Playing。此处应用动名词作主语， 表示经常性、 习惯性动作， 而动词不定式作主语则表示一两次的动作。

　　5. give 改为 gives。此处和上文 makes 一起作谓语， 属平行结构。

　　6. 此行无错。

　　7. instead 后加 of。instead 为副词， instead of 为介词短语。此处接宾语 ourselves， 需用介词短语。

　　8. important 改为 importance。

　　9. captain 前后 the。像 chairman， captain， monitor， mayor 这类词表示职务时， 前面用零冠词。但如这类职务用于指某人时， 前面用定冠词。

　　10. they 改为 we。

　　NMET 1999

　　The Problem with Television

　　Now I can’t watch much television but a few years 1. _______

　　ago I was used to watch it every night. I was often 2. _______

　　a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV 3. _______

　　demands very little effort. Unfortunate, there are 4. _______

　　too many people among my family. Some wanted 5. _______

　　to see the programme while others preferred 6. _______

　　another. I am happy with any programme but 7. _______

　　the others spent a lot time arguing and there 8. _______

　　was no way of settling the matter except by 9. _______

　　selling the TV set. Now someone at home reads instead. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. 删去 much。“I can’t watch much television”意为“我不能看许多电视”， 上下文逻辑不通。much 属于多余。

　　2. 删去 was。由上文句意可知“我现在不看电视， 而过去每晚都看电视”， 因此应用 used to do。

　　3. watch 改为 watching。作句子主语需用动名词。

　　4. Unfortunate 改为 Unfortunately。此处应用副词作状语。

　　5. among 改为 in。“in my family”为习惯搭配， 意为“在我家中”。

　　6. the 改为 one。由下文的another可知， 上文用one。

　　7. am 改为 was。综观全文时态可知。

　　8. a lot 后加 of。

　　9. 此行无错。

　　10. someone 改为 everyone 或 everybody。someone 意为“某个人”； everyone/ everybody 意为“每个人”。根据上下文逻辑可知。

　　2000 春季

　　Dear Peter,

　　Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday 1. _______

　　party on Sunday. I’d like very much come but 2. _______

　　had an examination on Monday morning. It is 3. _______

　　a very important exam but I can’t afford to 4. _______

　　fail it. I’ll spend all the whole weekend reading 5. _______

　　and prepare for it. So I’m really sorry that I 6. _______

　　won’t be able to come in this time. Hope you7. _______

　　can understand. I’ll take this chance to wish 8. _______

　　you wonderful time on your birthday. Happy 9. _______

　　birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!10. ______

　　Yours,

　　Li Ming

　　答案及解析

　　1. on 改为 for。动词 thank 与名词 thanks 通常与介词 for 搭配。

　　2. much 后加 to。 I’d like to do something 为固定结构。

　　3. had 改为 have。综观全文时态可知。

　　4. but 改为 so。根据上下文逻辑， 此处应为因果关系。

　　5. 删去 all。all 与 the whole 重复， 只能保留一处， 由于在此题型中， 只有多一个单词的可能， 故此处只能删去 all。

　　6. prepare 改为 preparing。与上文的 reading 形成平行结构， 以满足“spend some time on sth./in doing sth.这一句型的需要。

　　7. 删去 in。含有 this， that， last， next 等的时间状语前不加任何介词。

　　8. 此行无错。

　　9. wonderful 前加 a。

　　10. return 改为 returns。return 此处为名词， many happy returns of the day 意为“祝你健康长寿”。

　　NMET 2000

　　The day before the speech contest (比赛) English teacher1. _______

　　talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all 2. _______

　　wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would 3. _______

　　win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt 4. _______

　　so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many 5. _______

　　people present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English 6. _______

　　teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at 7. _______

　　me. I remembered her words and calm down. 8. _______

　　I did a good job and won the first prize.

　　Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.9. _______

　　Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. teacher 前加 my。根据下行 She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success， 可判断 English teacher 应是特指。

　　2. schoolmate 改为 schoolmates。因本句中有 all 一词， 所以 schoolmate 一词应为复数形式。

　　3. that 改为 whether。根据上下文， 可判断本句意为“我是否成功没有关系”， 所以这里用 whether。

　　4. 此行无错。

　　5. as 改为 that。根据句子结构， so 应与 that 构成复合句， that 引导结果状语从句， 在此不能用 as 引导。

　　6. 删去a。catch sight of 为固定搭配， sight 前不加任何冠词。

　　7. but 改为 and。smiling 和 nodding 为两个并列动作， 在逻辑上无转折关系， 故 but 改为 and。

　　8. calm 改为 calmed。在 and 连接的两个并列句中， remember 和 calm 为两个并列动作， 为过去时态。故 calm 改为 calmed。

　　9. is 改为 are。本句用 my picture 和 the prize 作主语， 是复数形式， 后谓语动词应和其主语保持一致。

　　10. 删去often。句首已用 whenever “无论何时”， 在句中就没必要用 often 了。

　　2001春季

　　I used to love science class—all of them—1. _______

　　biology, chemistry ,geography, physics. I think I 2. _______

　　liked those classes because I felt that it helped me 3. _______

　　understand what the world works. For example, when4. _______

　　I was a child , the rain was a mystery (奥秘). In one5. _______

　　class, I learned it rained. I think science classes 6. _______

　　clear up mysteries. But then there is always more 7. _______

　　mysteries look into. What was my least favorite class? 8. _______

　　That was maths. After learn the basics of the subject, 9. _______

　　nothing else seemed very practically to me . I never 10.______

　　saw how I could use it in my daily life.

　　答案及解析

　　1. class 改为 classes。class 为可数名词， 根据下文， 这里 class 为复数， 故改为 classes。

　　2. 此行无错。

　　3. it 改为 they。这里指代上文的 those classes。

　　4. what 改为 how。work 此处为不及物动词， 不可用连接代词 what 作宾语， 只可用连接副词 how 作状语。

　　5. 删去 rain 前的 the。此处 rain 为泛指。

　　6. it 前加 why。根据上下文逻辑， 此处意为“在课上， 我明白了天为什么会下雨”。

　　7. is 改为 are。

　　8. look 前加 to。需用不定式作定语。

　　9. learn 改为 learning。此处 after 为介词， 后需用动名词作宾语。

　　10. practically 改为 practical。seem 在此句中作系动词， 其后应用形容词作表语。

　　NMET 2001

　　Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers 1._______

　　nor sisters—in any other words, I am an only child. 2._______

　　My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can 3._______

　　make sure that I get a good education. They did not want 4._______

　　me to do any work at family; they want me to 5._______

　　devote all my time to my studies so that

　　I’ll get good marks in all my subject. 6. _______

　　We may be one family and live under a same roof, but we do7._______

　　not seem to get much time to talk about together. It looks8._______

　　as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. Do they 9._______

　　really understand their own daughter? What things are in 10._______

　　other homes, I wonder.

　　答案及解析

　　1. 此行无错。

　　2. 删去 other 前的 any。in other words 为固定搭配， 意为“换句话说”。

　　3. can 后加 to。此处不定式为目的状语。

　　4. did 改为do。纵观全文， 应用一般现在时态。

　　5. family 改为 home。family 多指由家庭成员、 婚姻维系的“家”， 而 home 则多指“住所”。另外， at home 为固定搭配。

　　6. subject 改为 subjects。subject 属可数名词， all 后应用其复数。

　　7. a 改为the 。same 作定语时前面一般用定冠词。

　　8. 删去 talk 后的 about。

　　9. and 改为or。a visitor 和 a guest 属不同类的两种人， 故不可用 and 连接， 需用or表示选其一。

　　10. What 改为 How。此处是 I wonder 引导的宾语从句， 意为“我想知道在别人家里的情况是怎样的”。

　　2002春季

　　My brother Tom was very selfish when he was a little boy.

　　He did not want share things with other people. For 1._______

　　example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them 2._______

　　in a secret place where I couldn’ t find it. Then he 3. _______

　　ate it all by himself. He never helped other. 4. _______

　　He said he is busy. That is, a game of 5. _______

　　tennis making him very busy. He did not care 6. _______

　　if something he did made people angry. For 7. _______

　　instance, on one night he played strong and 8. _______

　　loudly music till four o’clock in the morning. But 9. _______

　　he is difference now. He often helps grandma 10.______

　　with housework, helps mom with cooking and helps his

　　classmates with their lessons.

　　答案及解析

　　1. want 后加 to。want to do sth. 为固定搭配。

　　2. them 改为 it。依据上下文， 前句 a chocolate cake 为可数名词单数， 后边的代词显然用 it， 而不是 them。

　　3. where 改为 which/that 或删去 where。此为定语从句， 先行词 place在从句中作 find 的宾语， 只能用关系代词 which 或 that 或省略。

　　4. other 改为 others 。不定代词 other 指另一个， 而 others 指另一些。

　　5. 第一个 is 改为 was。此题考查动词的时态。

　　6.making 改为 made。本句缺少谓语， 需要把making 改为 make 的一般过去时态。

　　7. 此行无错。

　　8. 删去 on。one night 前不需要任何介词。

　　9. loudly 改为 loud。loudly 是副词， 此处修饰名词 music， 应用形容词。

　　10. difference 改为 different。应用形容词与系动词一起构成系表结构。

　　NMET 2002

　　Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei

　　Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows, it’s famous1. _______

　　mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather2. _______

　　was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 3 _______

　　the mountain. The three of them were very excited. As we 4._______

　　climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples 5. _______

　　and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 6. _______

　　since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly.7. _______

　　Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at8. _______

　　the top of the mountain. The food was expensive and 9. _______

　　the service was good. I was so tired that I fell asleep

　　at the moment my head touched the pillow.10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. famous 前加 a。mountain 为可数名词。又是第一次被谈及， 故应在 famous 前加不定冠词。

　　2. 此行无错。

　　3. noon 后加 when 。It was about noon 是主句， 后面的应为从句， 故在 noon 后加when， 此处 when 意为“在……时候”。

　　4. them 改为 us。综观全文可知， 此文是用第一人称的口吻来叙述的。

　　5. visiting 改为 visited。此处climbed， visited 和 told 构成并列谓语。

　　6. picture 改为 pictures。

　　7. passes 改为 passed。应与全文时态一致。

　　8. 删去 down。

　　9. and 改为 but。饭菜很贵不是一件令人愉快的事， 而服务质量很高确实是一件好事， 故前后为转折关系。

　　10. 删去 at。the moment直接引导时间状语从句。

　　2002北京卷

　　What should you do when your parents become1. _______

　　angry? If your parents got mad, try to have a conversation2. _______

　　with them about it . Remembering not to shout 3. _______

　　at them. They usually will try to change, but they will 4. _______

　　take some time because they get angry all their life, and that 5. _______

　　is all they know . You might have to change for your6. _______

　　method a couple of times. Do any nice things for your7. _______

　　parents that they don’t expect—like cooking,

　　doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean 8. _______

　　the floors. If this doesn’t work , bring in friend that you 9. _______

　　feel comfortable, and have him or her help you.10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. 此行无错。

　　2. got 改为get。通读全篇， 可知道本文基本时态应为一般现在时。

　　3. Remembering 改为 Remember。本句为祈使句， 表示建议， 主语省略。

　　4. they 改为 it。they 前为转折连词 but， 表明其后为一个句子， 这里应用 it 代表前面整个句子。如： Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder， but it didn’t help。此处的代词 it， 代替“Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should study harder”这一句子的内容。

　　5. life 改为 lives。这是考查名词的数， life 是可数名词单数， 句子主语用的是they， 与其一致应用lives。

　　6. 删去 for。因为 change 作“改换”讲时为及物动词。如： Can you change me one yuan note?你能兑换一元零钱给我吗?而 change for作“转换车到……”解。如： Where should you change for Guilin? 你在什么地方转车到桂林去?

　　7. any 改为 some。any 一般用于疑问句、 否定句、 条件从句中， 而 some 一般用于肯定句中。此处为祈使肯定式， 故用 some。

　　8. clean 改为 cleaning。应与 cooking， doing， washing 一致， 作介词宾语。

　　9. friend 前加 a。friend 为普通可数名词单数， 其前应加不定冠词 a。

　　10. comfortable 后加 with。comfortable with 意为“与……自在/愉快”。例如：

　　She feels comfortable with those who speaks English。她和讲英语的人谈话觉得很自在。

　　2003春季

　　Many teachers worry about the effects of television on young

　　people. According to studies, any children spend more time 1. _______

　　watching television than they spend in school. Because so 2. _______

　　much viewing, children may not be develop the habit of3. _______

　　read and the ability to enjoy themselves. No one worries 4. _______

　　much about the radio program young people listen to, 5. _______

　　although radios can be very noise. Teachers also wonder 6. _______

　　about the effects of television commercials. On one year the 7. _______

　　average child will see 25,000 television commercials, all 8. _______

　　planned and written by grown-ups to make children to want9. _______

　　things that they don’t real need. 10. ______

　　答案及解析

　　1. any 改为 many/some。根据句意， 此处应表示“一些， 许多”， 而 any 表示“一些”时， 常常用于否定句、 疑问句和条件句中。

　　2. Because 后面加 of。此处 so much viewing 相当于一个名词， 故加 of。

　　3. 删去 be。此处 may not develop 已经构成谓语动词部分， be 属于多余。

　　4. read 改为 reading。of 为介词， 后面需要接名词、 代词、 动名词作宾语。

　　5. program 改为 programs。program 为可数名词， 且根据句意， 此处应为复数概念。

　　6. noise 改为 noisy。noise 为名词， noisy 为形容词。此处应用形容词构成系表结构。

　　7. On 改为 In。根据上下文逻辑， 此处意为“在一年中”。

　　8. 此行无错。

　　9. 删去第二个 to。make sb. do sth. 为固定搭配， 意为“让某人做某事”。

　　10. real 改为really。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词 don’t need。

　　NMET 2003

　　When I first learned to write in English， I ran into 1. _______

　　many difficulties. The main problem was in that I 2. _______

　　always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything 3. _______

　　into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. 4. _______

　　I followed her advice and should put down 100 words 5. _______

　　or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on 6. _______

　　paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. 7. _______

　　One day I wrote a little story and showed to my 8. _______

　　teacher. She liked it very much and reads it to the class. 9. _______

　　They all said the story was a good one. Their word were 10. ______

　　a great encouragement to me.

　　答案及解析

　　1. 此行无错。

　　2. 删去 in。根据句意及句子结构， 此处为表语从句。

　　3. anything 改为 everything。此处为肯定句， anything 意为“任何一件事”， 侧重个体； 而 everything 意为“一切事情”， 侧重整体。

　　4. my 改为 a。keep a diary 为固定短语， 意为“记日记”。

　　5. 删去 should。and 连接两个并列的平行结构， 前后时态均为一般过去时态。

　　6. talk 改为 talking。enjoy doing 为固定用法。故此处必须用动名词作宾语。

　　7. me 改为 myself。express oneself 为固定短语。

　　8. showed 后加 it。show 为及物动词， 后面应接宾语。

　　9. reads 改为 read。and 连接两个并列的平行结构， 前后时态均为一般过去时态。

　　10. word 改为 words。根据句意， 此处应为“他们的话语， ”用 words。

　　NMET 2004

　　Dear Ralph,

　　I’m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1. _______

　　describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2. _______

　　it seems always difficult for me to do things well as3. _______

　　them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as4. _______

　　a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 5. _______

　　Besides, I have few friends. I don’t know that they 6. _______

　　don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other7. _______

　　very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8. _______

　　once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t 9. _______

　　seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 10. _______

　　Yours,

　　Xiao Wei

　　答案及解析

　　1. of改为from。of表示所属意义， 此处应为“来自一个小城镇”。

　　2. quietly改为quiet。describe后接名词或代词+ as +名词或形容词， 其中as +名词或形容词作宾语补足语， 表示“把…描写成什么/什么样子”。

　　3. well前加as。as well as“跟…(做得)一样好”。

　　4. to改为at。laugh to...意为“对…大笑”。laugh at...意为“嘲笑”， 有明显的、 有意的敌意的含义， 根据后文and see me as a fool， 故应用laugh at才对。

　　5. 此行无错误。

　　6. that改为why。that引导宾语从句， 本身无意义， 只起连接作用。

　　7. talked改为talk。整篇文章叙述的都是现在的情况。改为现在时， 使其与上下文一致。

　　8. stranger改为strangers。与句子主语we一致。

　　9. since改为but。根据上下文， 前后句之间为转折关系。

　　10. 删除about。tell的结构为：tell sb. sth. “告诉某人某事”， 表示直接意义； tell sb. about sth. “告诉某人有关某事的某些内容”， 表示间接意义。

　　NMET 2005

　　There are advantage for students to work while 1. _______

　　studying at school. One of them was that 2. _______

　　they can earn money. For the most part, 3. _______

　　students working to earn money for their own 4. _______

　　use. Earning their own money allow them 5. _______

　　to spend on anything as if they please. 6. _______

　　They would have to ask their parents for 7. _______

　　money or for permission to do things by 8. _______

　　the money. Some students may also to save 9. _______

　　up for our college or future use. 10. _______

　　答案及解析

　　1. advantage改为advantages。应使用可数名词的复数形式。

　　2. was改为is。时态和整篇文章的时态不一致。

　　3. 此行无错误。

　　4. working改为work。此句缺少谓语动词。

　　5. allow改为allows。主谓不一致， 动名词做主语谓语用单数。

　　6. 删除if。此处please作不及物动词， 意为“喜欢， 想要”， as引导定语从句， 修饰先行词anything。

　　7. would 后添加not。上下文逻辑有误。

　　8. by改为with。by表示“使用”时， 其后不能使用定冠词the， 故改为with。

　　9. 去掉to。may为情态动词， 其后应使用动词原形。

　　10. our改为their。代词的指代不一致， 指代第三人称复数形式的物主代词应为their。

　　2005浙江卷

　　At first I was not quite willing to sit down and

　　watched the 90-minute football match. Usually I just 1. _______

　　checked the results because I thought that was dull 2. _______

　　to watch a game in which players kicked a ball each 3. _______

　　other. Therefore, my father loves football. During the 4. _______

　　World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch 5. _______

　　his favorite sport. Seeing his strong interest in this 6. _______

　　game of 22 men run after a ball, I decided to sit down 7. _______

　　to watch the game. I found the game excited, and my 8. _______

　　dad explained for the rules. We shared our joy. Football 9. _______

　　is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad!10. _______

　　答案及解析

　　1. watched改为watch。“and”连接两个并列的不定式“to sit down”和“(to)watch”， 所以要用动词原形。

　　2. that改为it。it作形式主语， “that”不行。

　　3. each之前添加to。“把球互相踢来踢去”， 要在“kick a ball”后加上介词to。

　　4. Therefore改为However。由上下文可知“therefore(因此)”与句义不符， 应改为 “however(然而)”。

　　5. stays改为stayed。考查时态一致， 时间状语“in 2002”， 应用一般过去时。

　　6. 此行无错误。

　　7. run改为running。running为现在分词作定语， 修饰“22 men”， 相当于定语从句“who run”。

　　8. excited改为exciting。要用“exciting”修饰“the game”， 表示“令人兴奋的”， “excited”用来修饰人。

　　9. 删除for。“explain”是及物动词， 直接跟宾语， 无须加介词。

　　10. badly改为bad。be动词后用形容词作表语， 不能用副词。

　　2005重庆卷

　　It is bad manners in the classroom to look for what our 1. _______

　　neighbor had written, or try to see what mark he has received 2. _______

　　without being permitted. It is good manners for them to help 3. _______

　　each other if we have the same desire and the teacher allows to it. 4. _______

　　In examinations and in certain kinds of written work, it is dishonest 5. _______

　　and foolishly to help or to ask help from others. When one student 6. _______

　　does so, much larger values are destroying. One may not agree 7. _______

　　to examination system, but at present it is basically the only 8. _______

　　measure that the teacher and the rest of the world can depend to 9. _______

　　decide if or not each of us meets the requirement. 10. _______

　　答案及解析

　　1. for改为at。在教室看邻座所写的是不礼貌的， look for为寻找， 通常指失去的找回来。

　　2. had改为has。此处主从时态应一致。

　　3. them改为us。考查代词一致。由本句后文“if we have...”可判断。

　　4. 删除to。考查动词allow为及物动词， 后面的介词to应删去。

　　5. 此行无错误。

　　6. foolishly改为foolish。and 连接的两个形容词在形式上应该保持一致。

　　7. destroying改为destroyed。考查动词语态，“much larger values”应被摧毁。

　　8. examination system之前添加the。“examination system”此处特指下文中的“the only measure”。

　　9. depend后添加on。 “depend on”为固定短语， 指依赖、 依靠。

　　10. if 改为whether。考查if和whether在表“是否”时用法的区别。if不能与or not连用。

　　2005湖北卷

　　Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over 1. _______

　　the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since 2. _______

　　long ago, many adults and children called their friends together 3. _______

　　to spend hours, even days play games. One of the reasons people 4. _______

　　like to play is that sports help them to live happily. In other words, 5. _______

　　they help to keep people strong and feel good. When people are 6. _______

　　playing games, they move a lot. That is how sports are good activities 7. _______

　　for their health. Having fun with their friends make them happy. 8. _______

　　many people enjoy sports by watching the others play. In American 9. _______

　　big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games. 10. _______

　　答案及解析

　　1. and改为but。前文说并非所有的人都喜欢工作， 下文说每个人都喜欢玩， 是转折关系。

　　2. woman改为women。并列的四个名词均为复数。

　　3. 在 called前加have。根据句意， 应使用现在完成时。

　　4. play改为playing。固定搭配， spend hours (in) playing games。

　　5. 此行无错误。

　　6. feel改为feeling。固定搭配keep sb. feeling good， 使人们感觉良好。

　　7. how改为why。how不符合句意。

　　8. make改为makes。分词短语作主句， 谓语动词用单数。

　　9. 把others前的冠词the去掉。许多人喜欢观看别人运动， others前加冠词意为“其余的人”， 与文意不符。

　　10. sell改为buy。在大城市里人们买票观看体育比赛。

　　2006年高考真题

　　全国卷1

　　We had guests last night who have not stayed 1. _______

　　in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 2. _______

　　because that they were going out early in the 3. _______

　　morning. They came back lately and had some 4. _______

　　tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 5. _______

　　them just go through the kitchen door but turn 6. _______

　　on the light. He was looking for a glass the 7. _______

　　cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 8. _______

　　not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought, 9. _______

　　“What can I do? We are guests after all.” 10. ______

　　答案

　　1. have → had2. ago → before

　　3. 删除that4. lately → late

　　5. 此行无错误6. but → and

　　7. glass后添加in8. ideas → idea

　　9. me → myself10. We → They

　　全国卷2

　　An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea

　　between France and England in the balloon in 1784. High 1._______

　　over the water, they discover a hole in the balloon. The 2._______

　　hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the 3._______

　　balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was 4._______

　　coming up. The two men threw all their equipment into5._______

　　the water to make the balloon light. It started to rise 6._______

　　higher again. So it was still too close to the water. 7._______

　　Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to 8._______

　　save themselves. The crowd waiting for to greet them in 9._______

　　England was very surprised see this when the balloon 10.______

　　landed in front of them.

　　答案

　　1. the → a2. discover → discovered

　　3. keeps → keeping4. ?菁

　　5. up → down6. light → lighter

　　7. So → But8. his → their

　　9. 删除for10. see前添加to

　　山东卷

　　Dear Ming,

　　It was very nice to hear from you for such a long time. I’m 1._______

　　glad to learn that you’ve been settled down in Boston and are 2._______

　　getting used to the local ways of life. 3._______

　　As you know, I’m still buried in books at school you are 4._______

　　so familiar with. What may surprise you are that I’m going to 5._______

　　the US this July in a summer camp! Surely I’m expecting lots 6._______

　　of sightseeing tours, parties and another exciting things. We must 7._______

　　definitely meet when I’m over. As is planning, I’m coming 8._______

　　to Boston around the 15th, and I wonder if you’ll free then so 9._______

　　we could chat about the good older days. 10.______

　　Hope to see you soon.

　　Yours,

　　Xiao Lei

　　答案

　　1. for → after2. 去掉been

　　3. ways→way4. at与school之间插入the

　　5. are→is6. in→on

　　7. another→other8. planning→planned

　　9. free前添加be10. older→old

　　安徽卷

　　There is a public library in every town in Britain. Anyone 1._______

　　can borrow books if he or she wish. In some places you2._______

　　may borrow as more books as you need, but in others 3._______

　　you are limited in a certain number of books. You may 4._______

　　keep the books for several weeks so as you can have 5._______

　　enough time to finish it. If the book you want is out 6._______

　　you may ask it to be kept for you. Most public libraries 7._______

　　also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk 8._______

　　and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other 9._______

　　books, but you are not permit to take them out. 10.______

　　答案

　　1. ?菁2. wish → wishes

　　3. more → many4. in → to

　　5. as → that6. it → them

　　7. ask → ask for8. that → where

　　9. 去掉other前的the10. permit → permitted

　　浙江卷

　　Dear Mr. Donforth,

　　I’m writing to ask you come to our class for a visit. I’ve 1. _______

　　heard that you have been to Greece. In our Greece unit, we 2. _______

　　have been learning about it’s rich culture and long history. 3. _______

　　Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to 4. _______

　　know whether you have seen the old buildings here. We have 5. _______

　　learned a lot from the textbook, but I believe you personal 6. _______

　　experience will be a lot better. Your knowledges of Greece can 7. _______

　　help the whole class. Could you share you experiences for 8. _______

　　us? It will be surely exciting and rewarding. I hoped that you 9. _______

　　think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly. 10. ______

　　答案

　　1. you 后添加 to2. ?菁

　　3. it’s → its4. 去掉 so

　　5. here → there6. you → your

　　7. knowledges → knowledge8. for → with

　　9. hoped → hope10. possibly → possible

　　2007年高考真题

　　全国卷1

　　I was only about six that he held his hand 1. _______

　　out to me. I took it in me and we walked. Then 2. _______

　　I ask him, “Grandpa, how come you have 3. _______

　　so much lines on your hand?” He laughed and 4. _______

　　said, “Well, that’s a big question!” He was 5. _______

　　silent for a moment. So he answered slowly: 6. _______

　　“Each these lines stands for a trouble in my 7. _______

　　life.” I looked at his other hands. “But Grandpa, 8. _______

　　what do you have more lines on that one?” 9. _______

　　“Because there are more the honors and joys 10. _______

　　in my life.”

　　答案

　　1. that→when2. me→mine

　　3. ask→asked4. much→many

　　5. √6. So→Then/And

　　7. each后添加of8. hands→hand

　　9. what→why10. 删除the

　　天津卷

　　In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get 1. _______

　　only 36 percent of the answer correct. I failed the 2. _______

　　next one, either. I started to think that maybe I was 3. _______

　　not good at it. However. I was not lucky enough to 4. _______

　　have a teacher which didn’t take my bad grades as a 5. _______

　　judgment of my abilities, but simply like an indication 6. _______

　　how I should study harder. He pulled me aside and told 7. _______

　　me that he knew I could do better. He permitted to retake 8. _______

　　the test, and I was pulled my grade to an A. This is what 9. _______

　　I discovered: just because a subject is difficulty to learn, 10. _______

　　it doesn’t mean you are not good at it.

　　答案

　　1. get→got2. answer→answers

　　3. either→too4. 删除第二个not

　　5. which→who/that6. like→as

　　7. how→that8. permitted后添加me

　　9. 删除was10. difficulty→difficult

　　辽宁卷

　　One day in the restaurant where I worked, I am serving a 1. _______

　　table of four and each person had ordered the different 2. _______

　　kind of fish. Three plate were already on the table when 3. _______

　　the man closest to me pointing to one plate and asked me 4. _______

　　the name of the fish on it. Before I could answer him, he 5. _______

　　continued to ask me the name of the fish on another one 6. _______

　　plate. I was about to answer him while I noticed that the 7. _______

　　last plate on my tray(托盘)began to fall. They fell noisily 8. _______

　　to the floor seconds late, spreading its contents on the 9. _______

　　carpet. Everyone stared me and I stood there with a red face. 10. _______

　　答案

　　1. am→was2. the→a

　　3. plate→plates4. pointing→pointed

　　5. √6. 删除one

　　7. while→when8. They→It

　　9. late→later10. stared后添加at

　　福建卷

　　May 10, 2007

　　Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down 1. _______

　　and hurt my foot. I was in greatly pain at that moment, 2. _______

　　but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the 3. _______

　　class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to 4. _______

　　my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused 5. _______

　　the offer of help of my classmates. As result, the hurt 6. _______

　　in my foot became worse. Now I know I’m wrong. We 7. _______

　　can tell others our need for help and accept his help. 8. _______

　　Some day we can not help others in return. In this way, 9. _______

　　we can get along to each other happily and peacefully. 10. _______

　　答案

　　1. while→when2. greatly→great

　　3. has→had4. walk→walking

　　5. but→and6. as后添加a

　　7. √8. his→their

　　9. 删除not10. to→with