若风第一视角视频:Directory of Open Access Repositories(OpenDOA...

Directory of Open Access Repositories(OpenDOAR )

OpenDOAR是由英国的诺丁汉(Nottingham)大学和瑞典的伦德(Lund)大学图书馆在OSI (Open Society In2situte) 、JISC(JointInformation System Committee) 、CURL(Consortium of Research Libraries) 和SPARC(The Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition) 欧洲部等机构的资助下于2005年2月共同创建的开放存取机构资源库、学科资源库目录检索系统，用户可以通过机构名称、国别、学科主题、资料类型等途径检索和使用这些知识库，它和开放存取期刊目录（DOAJ）一道构成当前网络免费全文学术资源（期刊论文、会议论文、学位论文、技术报告、专利、学习对象、多媒体、数据集、工作论文、预印本等）检索的主要平台。

DOAR 收录的学术仓储按学科领域分为29 个类，分别是：心理学、管理与规划、图书馆与信息科学、法律与政治、教育、商业与经济学、语言及文学、历史及考古学、机械工程与材料、电子工程、计算机与IT、土木工程、建筑学、数学与统计学、化学与化学工程等。由于每个仓储收录的文献内容往往涉及多个学科，所以一般的学术仓储都分属29 个类中的若干个类别。截止2009年底，OpenDOAR收录学术仓储数为1500个。

The OpenDOAR service provides a quality-assured listing of open access repositories around the world. OpenDOAR staff harvest and assign metadata to allow categorisation and analysis to assist the wider use and exploitation of repositories. Each of the repositories has been visited by OpenDOAR staff to ensure a high degree of quality and consistency in the information provided: OpenDOAR is maintained by SHERPA.

Introduction to the project

A multiplicity of Open Access research archives have grown up around the world, mushrooming in recent years in response to calls by scholars, researchers and open access advocates to provide open access to research information. There are a number of different lists of repositories and open access archives, but at present there no single comprehensive or authoritative list exists which records academic open access repositories.

Beyond these basic listings there is a need to move from cumulative lists to a more structured information service, cataloguing and describing repositories. Users need to know the scope and comprehensiveness of the information they find and be given features which facilitate the use of that information. For example, features to search, filter, analyse and query the deｓｃｒｉｐｔions of each repository.

Repositories need to be categorised with clear information on their policies regarding tagging peer-reviewed/non-peer-reviewed material, their subject coverage, the constituency they draw on for content, their collection and preservation policies, etc. Where this information does not exist, repositories should be encouraged to provide it as a means to further improve their visibility and the use of the content that they hold.

Therefore there is a need for a dependable listing of the academic e-print research repositories that are available world-wide, to underpin the outreach of the Open Access movement. OpenDOAR has been set up to provide this service.

Service Scope

OpenDOAR maintains a comprehensive and authoritative list of institutional and subject-based repositories. It also encompasses archives set up by funding agencies like the National Institutes for Health in the USA or the Wellcome Trust in the UK and Europe. For our definitions of repository types, please see the footnotes for the relevant OpenDOAR statistical chart.

Much valuable work has already been conducted in listing repositories in different countries and OpenDOAR is building on this existing knowledge. OpenDOAR is therefore primarily a service to enhance and support the academic and research activities of the global community.

Users of the service are able to analyse repositories by location, type, the material they hold and other measures. This key point about OpenDOAR is that this information is of use not only to users wishing to find original research papers but also for third-party service providers, like search engines or alert services, who need easy to use tools for developing tailored search services to suit specific user communities.

SHERPA currently runs a suite of services for the Open Access community. SHERPA compiles and maintains the RoMEO service, which gives summaries of the archiving rights that different publishers allow authors to retain. To complement this, SHERPA is also developing the JULIET service, which summarises the archiving responsibilities and requirements that funding agencies give as a condition of funding grants. OpenDOAR is the third part of this repository service, listing available open access repositories.

Criteria for Inclusion & Exclusion

The criteria for acceptance as a repository within the OpenDOAR database stem from the project documentation and discussions with the original collaborative partners (University of Lund, Sweden). OpenDOAR has opted to collect and provide information solely on sites that wholly embrace the concept of open access to full text resources. Thus sites where any form of access control prevents immediate access are not included. Likewise sites that consist of metadata records only are also declined.

Common reasons for not listing a site in OpenDOAR include (but are not limited to):

• Site is repeatedly inaccessible
• Site is an eJournal (OpenAccess or otherwise - See DOAJ)
• Site contains no Open Access materials
• Site contains metadata (bibliographic) references only or solely links to external sites
• Site is actually a library catalogue or collection of locally accessible e-books
• Site requires login to access any material (gated access) - even if freely offered
• Site is a proprietary database or journal that requires a subｓｃｒｉｐｔion to access

For a break down of our decisions regarding the suggestions we receive, please see our pie chart.

Service Aims

OpenDOAR aims to:

• Survey the growing field of academic open access research repositories and categorise them in terms of locale, content and other measures.
• Produce a deｓｃｒｉｐｔive list of open access repositories of relevance to academic research.
• Provide a comprehensive & authoritative list for end users wishing to find particular types of, or specific repositories.
• Deliver a comprehensive, structured and maintained list with clear update and self-regulation protocols to enable development of the list.
• Play a prominent international role in the organisation of and access to open access repository services.
• Support Open Access outreach and advocacy endeavours within institutions and globally.

Going through the OpenDOAR

The tasks within the initial OpenDOAR activities cover work to examine and clarify the emerging structure of the world-wide repository network. The work on classification and on metadata in progress will allow innovative and focussed search services, wherever they are based, to more efficiently identify required resources. As regards the listing itself, users can be assured of its sustainability, maintenance and authority.

There are several expected user-groups for OpenDOAR including researchers, browsers, service-providers, data-miners, administrators and funders. Each of these possess their own expectations, needs and perspectives. The information gathered is therefore analysed and represented in such a way as to satisfy the information requirements of all of these groups.

Given the ability to identify, sort and locate different repositories it is expected that new services and uses will develop. One example of this is the development of overlay journals; such emergent capabilities will be facilitated by the use of a comprehensive, structured and maintained list.
 

Opening further

OpenDOAR is in no way in competition with OAI registration, since the service intends to categorise repositories in ways that are not supported by normal OAI registration. Indeed the current registration protocol requires complete repository details to a level which some find problematic and for this, and other, reasons there are open access repositories which have not registered with OAI. OpenDOAR is actively searching for repositories to list and hopefully offers a straightforward registration process that will ensure that there will be significantly fewer omissions.

Repositories registered or included within OpenDOAR will be more visible and will naturally have their contents more easily found by researchers. While search services can be aware of repositories for metadata harvesting through a basic list or register, with rapidly expanding numbers of sites individual repositories and pieces of content will become harder to find amongst a larger number of search results.

With OpenDOAR allowing for repository listing by the content types it contains or the constituency it serves, a greater level of precision can be given to the searching process. In this way there is an increased chance for end-users to find a particular repository or for a search service to clearly flag an individual eprint or piece of research.
 

OpenDOAR to the future . . .

The initial OpenDOAR activities have been funded through to Mid-2006. During this time the list is being established and developed, but plans are also being laid for the long-term continuation of the service for the Open Access community for the foreseeable future