黄渤为什么叫青岛贵妇:初中英语语法复习（8） 被 动 语 态

　　英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。

　　eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句).

　　A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。

　　一、构成：be + 过去分词

　　eg. 1)The work is finished by him.

　　   2)Chinese is spoken by people in China.

　　二、被动语态的时态

　　1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are + 过去分词

　　eg. English is spoken by Englishmen.

　　2.一般过去时：was/ were + 过去分词

　　eg. The machines were made in China.

　　3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+过去分词

　　eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.

　　4.现在完成时：have/ has been + 过去分词

　　eg. The work has been done by them.

　　5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + 过去分词。

　　eg. A new school is being built in our village.

　　6.过去进行时：was/ were being + 过去分词

　　eg. My TV set was being mended at that time.

　　综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态）

　　另外注意以下几点：

　　1.含情态动词的被动语态：

　　  can / may / must / should + be + 过去分词

　　eg. He may be sent away from school.

　　2.带动词不定式的被动语态

　　eg. My bike needs to be mended.

　　3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by + 动作的执行者(宾格)”

　　eg. He was called Mike by us

　　4.不及物动词无被动语态（take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等）

　　eg. The accident was happened two days ago (改错)                       _________

　　5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。

　　eg.The boss made the workers work 12 hours.

　　→The workers were made to work 12 hours.

　　6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。

　　eg. We must take care of the baby.

　　→The baby must be taken care of.

　　练   习   题

　　(  )1.This factory has been____ for two years

　　A. open  B. to open  C. opening  D. opened

　　(  )2.The light in the room ___ before you leave.  A. must turn off  B. will turn off

　　C. are turned off   D. must be turned off

　　(  )3.The young trees ____ planted in spring.

　　A. must  B. have   C. must be  D. must are

　　(  )4.Chinese ____ by Miss Wang three years ago.   A. was taught    B. is taught

　　 C. was teached        D. were teach

　　(  )5.Young trees ___ quite often.

　　A. should water      B. should be water

　　C. should be watered  D. should have watered

　　(  )6.English ___ by many people in the world

　　A. speaks B. speak C. are spoken D. is spoken

　　(  )7.The old people ___ well in our country.

　　A. is looked after     B. are looked after

　　C. looks after        D. look for

　　(  )8. Alice is ill. She ____ to hospital at once.

　　A. is sent            B. must be sent

　　C. can send          D. must send

　　(  )9. The factory ____ in 1958.

　　A. was built          B. is built

　　C. will be built        D. built

　　(  )10.Our teacher told us that the classroom _____ every day.

　　A. should be cleaned    B. should cleaned

　　C. shall be cleaned      D. must cleaned

　　(  )11.Football ____ all over the world.

　　A. plays              B. is playing

　　C. has played          D. is played

　　(  )12.____ silk ____ in Suzhou?

　　A. Is , produced    B. Are, produced

　　C. Does, produce   D. Was, produce

　　(  )13.Much money ____ spent on books every year.  A. have  B. has  C. are  D. is

　　(  )14.The students was made ______ the questions by the teacher.

　　A. answer           B. to answer

　　C. answering        D. answered

　　(  )15.The sun ____ when we got there.

　　A. was risen         B. has been risen

　　C. had risen         D. is rising

　　(  )16.The People’s Liberation Army was ____ August 1, 1927.

　　A. found in           B. found on

　　C. founded on         D. founded in

　　(  )17.The oranges should be well ___ during the winter.

　　A. keep   B. kept   C. keeping  D. to keep

　　(  )18. Many of the sheep ___ by the wolf狼).

　　A. was killed       B. are killed

　　C. are killing       D. were killed

　　(  )19.Tape recorders____ in our English class

　　A. should use       B. used

　　C. can be used      D. are using

　　(  )20. ____ English ____ in Canada?

　　A. Do, spoken       B. Is , spoken

　　C. Are, spoken      D. Does, speak

　　(  )21.He ____ not to leave waster paper everywhere.

　　A. tells  B. told  C. was told  D. has told

　　(  )22.Who ____ “The Family”, “Spring” and “Autumn” ______?

　　A. was, written       B. were, written

　　C. were, written by    D. are. Written by

　　(  )23.Look at the building! It ____ now.

　　A. is being built       B. has been built

　　C. is building         D. has built

　　(  )24.Half of the work ____ before six.

　　A. can be done  B. will do  C. were done

　　(  )25.We ____ stamps for sending letters.

　　A. are used     B. use      C. used

　　(  )26.The Great Green Wall(绿色长城)___ in North China.

　　A. are built   B. can be build  C. was built

　　(  )27.___ the farm ____ by the students ?

　　A. was, visited B. Is, visit C. Must, visit

　　(  )28.The woman ____ by people in the waiting room.

　　A. was laughed     B. was laughed at

　　C. laughed at

　　(  )29. What ____ there?

　　A. happened              B. is happened 

　　C. must be happened

　　(  )30.He was made ______for twelve hours.

　　A. to work     B. work     C. worked