魔域小游戏无敌版:高考英语热点动词十五类

动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。
一、连系动词类
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：
1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。
2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。
3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。
4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：
The mixture is tasted terrible.（误）
The mixture tastes terrible（正）
Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.（误）
Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.（正）
I'm feeling much better than ever before.
It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.
【高考例题】
(1) ---Do you like the material?   ---Yes, it ____ very soft. (NMET94)
A. is feeling   B. felt   C. feels   D. is felt
(2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days. (NMET 03)
A. be stayed   B. stay   C. be staying   D. have stayed
(3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. (04春季高考上海卷）
A. seat   B. seating   C. seated   D. to be seating
(4) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ____ run over by a car. (02高考北京卷）
A. have   B. get   C. become   D. turn
(5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you have ____ twenty-one already. (04天津卷）
A. become   B. turned   C. grown   D. passed
(6) Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to ____ before the party. (04全国卷II)
A. get changed   B. get change   C. get changing   D. get to change
(7) 0n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she ____ pale. (04湖北卷）
A. got   B. changed   C. went   D. appeared
(8 )The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. (04上海卷）
A. to smell   B. smelling   C. smelt   D. to be smelt
(9) Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health ____ poor. (02春上海卷）
A. proves   B. remains C. maintains   D. continues
(10) I love to go to the seaside in summer. It ____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.
A. does   B. feels   C. gets   D. makes
二、感官动词类
常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。
1．后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。
I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it.
When you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.
2．后接V-ing形式表正在进行的动作。
Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast.
3．后接V-ed形式表被动意义。
After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed.
Although I had learnt some English, I had never heard a word of it spoken.
【高考例题】
(1) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year. (NMET 2000)
A. carry out   B. carrying out   C. carried out   D. to carry out
(2) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen. ( NMET 03)
A. smoke   B. smoking   C. to smoke   D. smoked
(3) The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river.
A. playing   B. to be playing   C. play   D. to play
(4) The salesman scolded the girl who was caught ____ and let her off. (NMET93)
A. to have stolen   B. to be stealing
  C .to steal       D. stealing
(5) He looked around and caught a man ____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put   B. to be putting
  C. to put   D. putting   (04春北京卷）

三、使役动词类
表"致使"意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况：
1. make, let have等后接不带to的不定式，表"使／让某人／某物做某事"。
Don't make him do it if he doesn't want to.
If you have any problems, just let me know.
在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是have不用于被动结构中.
He was made to apologize to the guest.
2. have, keep, leave, send, set, get等后接V-ing形式，表持续性动作。
I'm sorry to keep you waiting for so long.
Why do you have him worrying about his lessons?
3. have, keep, leave等后接V-ed形式，表被动含义。
He didn't keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired.
I'll keep you informed as soon as I have the news.
【高考例题】
（1)Don't leave the water＿while you brush
your teeth. (04天津卷）
  A. run   B. running   C. being run   D. to run
(2)Laws that punish parents for their children's actions
against the laws get parents＿．(04重庆卷）
A. worried   B. to worry C. worrying D. worry
(3) ---Why did you go back to the shop?
---I left my friend ____ there. (03春安徽内蒙古卷）
  A. waiting   B. to wait   C. wait D. waits
(4) It was so cold that they kept the fire ____ all night. (NMET91)
A. to burn   B. burn   C. burning   D. burned
(5) ---Good morning, can I help you?
---I'd like to have this package ____，madam.
A. be weighed   B. weighing
  C. weighed   D. to weigh (NMET89)
(6) The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ____．(NMET91)
A. hear   B. to hear   C. hearing   D. heard

(7) As you have never been there before, I'll have someone ____ you the way. (94上海卷）
  A. show   B. to show   C. showing D. showed
(8) Paul doesn't have to be made ____．He always works hard. (NMET95)
A. learn   B. to learn   C. learned   D. learning
(9) A computer can do only what thinking people ______．(99上海卷）
  A. have it do   B. have it done
C. have done it   D. having it done
(10) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong. (98年上海卷）
A. it   B. it repaired   C. repaired   D. to be repaired

四、含情感色彩的动词
这类动词有excite, inspire, encourage, interest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, amaze, astonish, shock, worry, astonish, disappoint, discourage, exhaust, puzzle, tire, terrify等。情感动词后接指人的名词或代词作宾语，有V-ing和V-ed两种形式，在句中作宾语和表语，V-ing形式指人，V-ed形式则指事物。
The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears.
What disappointing result! We were all disappointed with it.
Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.
【高考例题】
(1) Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ____ his boss. (2000春北京安徽内蒙古卷）
A. serves   B. satisfies   C. promises D. supports
(2) ---I'm very ____ with my own cooking. It looks nice smells delicious.
---Mm, it does have a ____ smell. (02春NMET )
A. pleasant; pleased   B. pleased; pleased
  C. pleasant; pleasant   D. pleased; pleasant
(3) Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel. (03春北京卷）
A. tired; boring   B. tiring; bored
  C. tired; bored   D. tiring; boring
(4) It is believed that if a book is____, it will surely ____ the reader. (03上海聋）
A. interested; interest     B. interesting；be interested
  C. interested；be interesting   D. interesting; interest
(5) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home ____.(04春上海卷）
A. being exhausted   B. exhausted
  C. exhausting     D. having exhausted

五、后接不定式动词类
afford, agree, choose, determine, expect, decide, learn, offer, mange, hope, want, wish, promise, refuse, fail, pretend, happen等动词，后跟不定式作宾语。
Thank you for offering to help, but I can manage myself.
He learned to ride a bicycle when he was a small boy.
【高考例题】
(1) We agreed＿here but so far she hasn't turned up yet. (NMET95)
A. having met   B. meeting C. to meet   D. to have met
(2) Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening. (NMET92)
A. to be taken   B. to take   C. being taken   D. taking
(3) I don't know whether you happen＿，but I'm going to study in the U S A this September. (04辽宁卷）
A. to be heard   B. to be hearing
  C. to hear     D. to have heard
(4) She pretended＿me when I passed by. (NMET89)
  A. not to see   B. not seeing
  C. to not see   D. having not seen
(5) Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ____ everything. (01高考上海卷）
A. to tell     B. to be told
  C. to be telling   D. to have been told

六、后接V-ing形式动词类
该类动词常考的有appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, dislike, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, hate, imagine, keep， mind, miss, practise, postpone, resist, risk,' stand, suggest 等。这些动词须接V-ing形式作宾语。例如；
I don't mind waiting, but I've got to stand in the cold wind.
Have you considered making some necessary changes to your plan?
Only by practising speaking English every day can you expect to improve your spoken English.
【高考例题】
（1) I would appreciate ____ back this afternoon.
A. you to call   B. you call
  C. your calling   D. you're calling
(2) While shopping, people sometimes can't help ____ into buying something they don't really need. (96年上海卷）
A. to persuade     B. persuading
  C. being persuaded   D. be persuaded
(3) He has always insisted on his ____ Dr. turner instead of Mr. Turner. (92上海卷）
  A. been called     B. called
  C. being called   D. having called
(4) I really appreciate ____ to relax with you on this nice island. (04年上海卷）
A. to have had time   B. having time
  C. to have time     D. to having time
(5) Do you mind＿alone at home? (94年上海卷）
  A. Jane leaving     B. Jane having left
  C. Jane's being left   D. Jane to be left
(6) I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (NMET91)
A. sail   B. to sail   C. sailing   D. to have sailed