非你不可丫头向前冲110:女同性恋者健康提示：两性健康

了解女同性恋者的重要健康问题——从性传播传染病到抑郁症——并获取实用提示，对你自己的健康负责。

Lesbians and bisexual women may face an increased risk of various health concerns. Know the facts and take simple steps to stay healthy. 

女同性恋者和双性恋的女人在各种各样健康问题上可能面临着更高的风险。认识真相并采取简单的措施让你保持健康。7

Protect yourself from HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections

保护自己，远离艾滋和其它性传播传染病

Certain sexually transmitted infections — such as human papillomavirus (HPV), bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas — can spread between women. Oral sex and sexual behavior involving digital-vaginal or digital-anal contact, particularly with shared penetrative sex toys, can spread infections as well. Female sexual contact is also a possible means of contracting HIV. To protect yourself: 

一些性传播传染病——如人类乳头状瘤病毒（HPV），细菌性阴道炎和滴虫——可以在女性之间传播。口交和涉及手指与阴道或手指与肛门接触的性行为，特别是共享插入式性玩具，同样可以传播传染病。女性性接触也一样有感染HIV（引起艾滋病的病毒）的可能性。要保护自己：

Get tested and have your partner tested. Don't have unprotected sex unless you're certain you and your partner aren't infected with HIV or other sexually transmitted infections. Testing is important because many people don't know they're infected, and others may not be honest about their health.

■ 去做检查，让你的伴侣也去做检查。不要发生不设防的性交，除非你确定你和你的伴侣都没有被HIV或者其他性传播传染病感染。检查是重要的，因为很多人不知道他们已经感染了，还有一些人可能隐瞒他们的健康状况。

Use protection. During oral sex use a split-open condom, dental dam — a small piece of latex — or plastic wrap. Keep sex toys safe by cleaning them and protecting them with a condom. Don't share sex toys. If you have sex with a male partner, use a new latex or polyurethane condom or dental dam every time you have sex.

■ 要用安全套。口交时要使用一个裂开的安全套、牙用橡皮障——一块牙科用的小橡胶布——或者保鲜膜。通过清洗性玩具和用安全套保护来保持性玩具安全可靠。不要共享性玩具。如果你跟一名男性伴侣有性关系，那么在你每次发生性行为的时候都要使用新的橡胶或聚氨酯安全套或牙用橡皮障。

Be monogamous. Stay with one partner who has tested negative for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and who won't have sex with anyone but you.

■ 保持单个性伴侣。只跟一名经HIV和其它性传播传染病测试呈阴性反应的性伴侣在一起，并确知他不会和你以外的任何人发生性关系。

Limit the amount of alcohol you drink and don't use drugs. If you're under the influence, you're more likely to take sexual risks. If you choose to use injectable drugs, don't share needles.

■ 限制你的饮酒量，不要服用毒品。如果你被酒精或药物控制，你更有可能面临着性行为的风险。如果你选择使用可注射药物，不要共用针头。

Get vaccinated. Vaccinations can protect you from HPV and the serious liver infections hepatitis A and hepatitis B, which can spread through sexual contact.

■ 接种疫苗。人类乳头状瘤病毒和严重的肝传染病甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎都可以通过性接触传播，疫苗可以保护你免于感染这些病毒和传染病。

Remain vigilant. Remember, there isn't a cure for HIV/AIDS and many sexually transmitted infections, such as HPV. The best way to stay healthy is to protect yourself.

■ 保持警惕。记住，HIV/艾滋病和许多性传播传染病，如人类乳头状瘤病毒，是无法治愈的。保持身体健康的最好方法是保护自己。

Tackle depression

对抗抑郁

Lesbians and bisexual women may be at higher risk of depression, suicidal thoughts and self-harm. Contributing factors could include social alienation, the threat of or loss of family support, discrimination, abuse, and anti-gay violence. The problem may be more severe for lesbians who remain in the closet, aren't traditionally "feminine," aren't in satisfying relationships or lack social support. 

女同性恋者和双性恋妇女可能有更高风险患抑郁症、有自杀想法和自我伤害。造成这种状况的原因可能包括社会的疏远、家庭支持的失去或失去的威胁、歧视、虐待和反同性恋暴力。对于依然躲在衣柜里的（指不公开表明身份）、不是传统“女性”的、不是处于令人满意的关系中的或者缺乏社会支持的女同性恋者来说，问题可能更为严重。

Left untreated, depression may lead to a downward spiral of emotional, behavioral, health, and even legal and financial problems. If you think you may be depressed, talk to your doctor or seek help from a mental health provider. If you're reluctant to seek treatment, confide in a trusted friend or loved one. They can help you take the first steps toward getting treatment. 

如果放任不理，抑郁可能导致情绪的日渐低落、行为问题、健康问题，甚至还有法律和经济问题。如果你认为你可能意志消沉，那么请与你的医生倾诉或者向心理健康服务提供者寻求帮助。如果你不愿意寻求治疗，那么可以向一名值得信赖的朋友或心爱的人吐露。他们可以帮助你向获得治疗迈出第一步。

Seek help for substance abuse

寻求针对物品滥用的帮助

Some lesbians and bisexual women may face unique risk factors for alcohol abuse, such as: 

一些女同性恋者和双性恋妇女可能用酗酒来面对独一无二的风险因素，如：

Relying on women's bars for socializing and peer support

■ 依靠女性酒吧来进行社交和获得同路人支持

Impact of sexism and discrimination

■ 性别偏见和歧视的影响

Stress related to passing as a heterosexual or coming out

■ 与从异性恋者身边经过或出门有关的压力

Low self-esteem related to the perception of being different

■ 与自己是不一样的这个感觉有关的低自尊心

Trauma due to bullying, violence, abuse or self-abuse

■ 因为恐吓、暴力、虐待或自虐造成的精神创伤

If you have a substance abuse problem, remember that help is available. Local lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender health, mental health, or community centers often provide substance abuse treatment. Organizations such as the National Association of Lesbian and Gay Addiction Professionals also may provide referrals. 

如果你有滥用物品的问题，记住，帮助是有的。当地的女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性健康中心、心理健康中心或者社区中心通常都会提供物品滥用治疗。一些组织如全国男女同性恋瘾专家协会也可以提供参考。

Recognize domestic violence

认清家庭暴力

Domestic violence can affect anyone in an intimate relationship. Warning signs specific to lesbian or bisexual women may include a partner who: 

家庭暴力可以影响在一段亲密关系中的任何人。警告信号——特别是对于女同性恋者或双性恋妇女来说——可能是有一个这样的伴侣：

Threatens to tell friends, family, colleagues or community members your sexual orientation or gender identity

■ 要挟你去告诉朋友、家庭、同事或社区成员你的性取向或者性别认同

Tells you that authorities won't help a homosexual, bisexual or transgendered person

■ 告诉你当权者不会帮助同性恋者、双性恋者或变性人

Tells you that leaving the relationship means you're admitting that homosexual relationships are deviant

■ 告诉你离开这段关系就意味着你认同同性恋关系是不正常的

Tells you that abuse is a normal part of homosexual relationships or that domestic violence can't occur in homosexual relationships

■ 告诉你虐待是同性恋关系中正常的一部分，或者告诉你家庭暴力不可能在同性恋关系中发生

Staying in an abusive relationship may leave you depressed, anxious and hopeless. If you don't want to disclose your sexual orientation, you may be less likely to seek help after an assault. Still, the only way to break the cycle of domestic violence is to take action — the sooner the better. If you're a victim of domestic violence, tell someone about the abuse, whether it's a friend, relative, health care provider or other close contact. Consider calling a domestic violence hot line and creating a plan to leave your abuser. 

处于一段虐待关系中可能给你留下抑郁、焦虑和绝望。如果你不想泄露你的性取向，你或许不太可能在受到侵犯寻求帮助。但是，打破家庭暴力恶性循环的唯一出路只有采取行动——越快越好。如果你是一名家庭暴力的受害者，把你的受虐告诉别人，无论他是一位朋友、亲戚、健康中心服务提供者，还是其他亲密的联系人。考虑一下拨打家庭暴力热线以寻求建议，并且制作一个计划离开你的施虐者。

Seek routine health care

寻求常规性医疗保健

Some lesbians and bisexual women struggle to find a doctor knowledgeable about lesbian health issues and with whom they feel comfortable discussing their needs and concerns. To take charge of your health, look for a doctor you feel comfortable talking to. Identify yourself as lesbian or bisexual, and ask about routine screenings recommended for women in your age group. If you're not in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship, schedule regular screenings for sexually transmitted infections. Share any other health concerns you may have with your doctor as well. Early diagnosis and treatment is often the key to long-term health.

一些女同性恋者和双性恋妇女努力地去寻找一名在女同性恋健康问题上知识丰富的医生，并且能让她们在讨论其需求和忧虑时感到舒服的。要对你的健康负责任，寻找一名你感觉到能够舒服谈话的医生。表明你自己是女同性恋或双性恋的身份，并咨询一下对你这个年龄段的女性所建议做的常规检查。如果你不是在一段长期的、双方都是单一性伴侣的关系中，那么请定制对性传播传染病的常规性检查。如果你还有其它健康问题在忧虑，不妨和你的医生倾诉。及早诊断和治疗往往是保持你身体长期健康的关键。3