附近黄铜排厂家:艾米·怀恩豪斯：“毒后”的一生（双语）

艾米·怀恩豪斯：“毒后”的一生（双语）

Leading a rock'n'roll life has proved fatal to many artists, but few could be considered as much of a loss to music as Amy Winehouse, who has been found dead at the age of 27, the cause not immediately clear. One of the outstanding singers of her generation, she had suffered from drug addiction, and the destruction it causes. Her husky, soul-steeped voice belied both her youth and her London origins – singing from the gut is not the exclusive preserve of older black American performers.

过摇滚家的生活对大多数的艺术家来说是十分致命的，但是很少有人能像Amy Winehouse那样被众人惋惜，她的逝去被认为是乐坛的巨大损失，她仅27岁，死因尚不明。作为她这一代歌手中的佼佼者，她也饱受毒瘾的困扰，最终希望也随着而去。她的那沙哑的，摄人魂魄的嗓音掩盖了她的年少和她的伦敦血统——浑厚的嗓音并不只是老一辈的美国黑人表演家所特有的。

Winehouse's music spoke to people so persuasively that her second album, Back to Black, became Britain's bestselling record of 2007 and reached No 2 in the US, making her one of only a few British female soloists to achieve that level of transatlantic recognition. Its success spurred sales of her initially overlooked first album, Frank (2003), so titled because of the diary-style lyrics that produced songs such as Stronger Than Me, which railed against a "ladyboy" ex-boyfriend. The two sold a total of more than 12m copies worldwide.

Winehouse的音乐是如此的令人折服以至于她的第二张专辑，“Back to Black”,创造了2007年英国最畅销唱片的记录，在美国则排第二名，而这使得她成为获得大洋彼岸美国人承认的为数不多的英国女歌手之一。第二张专辑的成功同时带动了被忽略的第一张专辑“Frank”（2003）的销售。这张专辑的之所以叫“坦诚”是因为它日记风格的歌词，比如“Stronger Than Me”这一首歌。这首歌的歌词指责了一个中型女生的前男友。这两张专辑全球销量超过1200万张。

Born to a Jewish family in North Finchley, north London, Winehouse grew up listening to the jazz albums of her taxi-driver father, Mitch. He and her pharmacist mother, Janis, later divorced.

Winehouse出生在伦敦北部Finchley小镇一个犹太人家庭。她父亲Mitch，是个出租车司机，她则是听着她父亲买来的爵士音乐专辑长大的。她的母亲Janis是个药剂师，之后父母离异。

Amy caught the performing bug so early that by the age of eight she was attending stage school. She spent time at three of them, including the Sylvia Young theatre school in central London, from which she was expelled for "not applying herself", and the Brit school in Croydon, south London. Rebellious instincts surfaced in her mid-teens: by 16, she had acquired her first tattoo and was smoking cannabis. "My parents pretty much realised that I would do whatever I wanted, and that was it, really," she said later.

Amy在她8岁上戏剧学校的时候就展现了表演天赋。她上过三所学校，这其中有位于伦敦市中心的Sylvia青年戏剧学院，后来被校方以“没有自己申请（入学）”为由而开除，后来的在伦敦南部Croydon的Brit学院。16岁正直年少，满脸的叛逆，这个时候她有了自己第一个纹身而且还吸食大麻。她后来说到，“我父母亲那时已经很清楚我将我行我素，而且也就是那样。” 

Her boyfriend of the time passed a cassette of her singing to a record company, which was impressed. "It was unlike anything that had ever come through my radar," said songwriter Felix Howard, who went on to collaborate with Winehouse on Frank. She signed a deal with the world's largest label, Universal, and was taken on by the management company run by Simon Fuller, the force behind Pop Idol and its television spin-offs. However, being in the bosom of the pop establishment turned Winehouse surly and defensive. When she was accused early on by the press of being one of Fuller's pop puppets, she retorted: "He's clever enough to know he can't fuck with me."  

她这个时候的男朋友将一盒她的录音磁带给了一家录音公司，并给其留下深刻的印象。词作家Felix Howard说到，“这跟我之前的任何经历都不同。他后来就和Winehouse合作了Frank。她签了世界上最大的厂牌Universal，并且由Simon Fuller经理公司，Pop Ido和它的电视传媒分公司一手承办。然而，在流行乐坛的如日中天让Winehouse更加怪虐而且戒备心理很强。在她早期被媒体称作是Fuller的傀儡的时候，她反驳道，“他是个明白人，他知道没有我的话他屁事都不会成。”

If Winehouse was not entirely singular – Dusty Springfield and Maggie Bell preceded her as white British pop singers whose complicated personal lives yielded unguarded, richly soulful music – she certainly stood out from almost every other artist under 40. When Frank was released, just after her 20th birthday, the prevailing female pop sound was the manicured slickness epitomised by Girls Aloud. Winehouse's disconcerting sultriness meant she was initially classified as a jazz vocalist. Despite being tipped by critics as a "buzz" act – borne out by two Brits nominations in 2004 – she did not catch the public's fancy, and Frank peaked at No 13 in the charts.

如果Winehouse不那么特别的话，作为英伦的白人流行歌手Dusty Springfield和 Maggie Bell将会超越她。她复杂的个人生活造就了她众多感人情歌——这让她在40岁以下的艺术家中独树一帜。专辑Frank发布以后，恰逢她本人20岁生日之后，当时的女性流行唱腔是以Girls Aloud组合为代表的修饰过的平滑的歌声。Winehouse的离经叛道的歌声使她将最初被归类为爵士歌手。尽管由于高调的个人行为让她处在批评的浪尖上，但她还是在2004年获得了两项全英音乐奖的提名，她没有得到公众的青睐，而且Frank只是获得了13名的成绩。

It was when she finished promoting the album and set about writing the follow-up that a remarkable transformation took place. During this time she met her future husband, Blake Fielder-Civil, who worked on the periphery of the music business as an assistant on video shoots. The attraction was apparently instant, at least on Winehouse's part, and when Fielder-Civil ended the relationship after a few months, she poured her depression into songs that would become Back to Black.

正当她完成了专辑的宣传促销，准备着手下一个的时候，发生了一个深刻的转变。这期间，她遇到了他后来的丈夫，Blake Fieder-Civil，他作为一个视频拍摄的助理，经营与音乐事业相关的边缘生意。吸引力迅速产生，至少对Winehouse是这样的，当Fielder-Civil几个月结束了他们的关系后，她将所有的悲伤都融进了她的歌曲之中，这就是后来的“Back to Black”。

Of the months following their split, she said: "I had never felt the way I feel about him about anyone in my life. I thought we'd never see each other again. I wanted to die."

在他们刚刚分开的几个月里，她说到，“在我的生命中，我还从来没有对一个人产生过对他那样的感觉。我觉得为我们永远将不会再见了。我想死。”

The album was released in late 2006, and when Winehouse began a round of concerts and TV appearances that autumn, it was obvious she had spent the recent past walking on the wild side. She had lost several stone and acquired armfuls of tattoos, a mountainous beehive hairdo and, it was rumoured, drug and alcohol problems.

这个专辑在2006年的时候发布，那时Winehouse刚开始录制那个秋天的新一轮的音乐会和电视专辑，很明显她花了一段时间按去外面散心了。她花了好些钱而且还纹了满满的一胳膊的纹身，还有像蜂窝似的爆炸头，有传言称她在吸毒，酗酒。

Typically forthright, she drew attention to the latter in Back to Black's first single, Rehab, which became her signature song: "I don't never want to drink again, I just need a friend ... They tried to make me go to rehab, I said no, no, no." Despite its subject, the song was infectiously upbeat, and became her first top 10 hit, remaining in the charts for a near-record-breaking 57 weeks.

很快，她就将注意力转到Back to Black的第一支单曲，Rehab上："Idon't never want todrink again, I just need a friend... They tried to make mego to rehab, I said no, no, no."尽管其歌曲主题不怎么崇高，这首歌还是很快被热传，而且成为她的第一个“十佳”，几乎破纪录的在排行榜上挺过了57周。

The whole album was also an instant, and huge, success. The jazz-lite that characterised Frank had been supplanted by sparky R&B, immediately hummable songs and, crucially, the performance of a lifetime from Winehouse, who sang as if her heart were damaged beyond repair. Critical acclaim was heaped on it – "One of the great breakthrough CDs of our time … when this lady sings about love, she means every word," said the US magazine Entertainment Weekly – and it appeared on numerous best-of-the-year lists. Its appeal transcended language barriers, sending it to No 1 in 18 countries, including the UK.

两个专辑同样的迅速，影响不凡，成功。这个成就了Frank精简版的爵士风格，就被炙手可热的R&B，很快人性化的歌曲以及关键性的演出取代。她唱歌的时候就好像她的心真被伤得支离破碎似的，于是很快就迎来了人们的喝彩，“这是我们这个时代一个伟大的专辑，当这位小姐歌唱爱情的时候，真是字字珠玑。”美国娱乐周刊这样评论道。而且它还出现在了年度最佳的名单中。它的魅力冲破了语言的障碍，使得其在包括英国在内的18个国家成为排行榜的第一。

A great imponderable was whether Back to Black would have connected so strongly with listeners if Winehouse had not simultaneously been playing out her emotional dramas in public. Still wracked by the failure of her relationship with Fielder-Civil, her behaviour was erratic: her weight dropped further and the monstrous beehive got even taller. She seemed to lack the inhibitions that stop most people from "acting out" in public, which made her a tabloid dream. Drawn by the scent of disturbed celebrity, paparazzi were soon following her around the streets of north London.

如果Winehouse没有同时在公众面前玩她的感情牌的话，Back to Black还能否让听众产生共鸣，这是个未知之数。由于依然沉浸在与Fielder-Civil感情破裂的阴影当中，她的行为很古怪：她的体重持续下跌而她的蜂窝头却更高了。她看起来好像不能自已，这让她成为街头小报的梦想。捕捉到生活混乱名人的影子，狗仔队迅速伦敦北部的街上找到了她。

Perversely, as her life became more complex, her success increased. She won the 2007 Brit award for best female artist, and Ivor Novello awards for Rehab and Love Is a Losing Game. In addition, she picked up Q magazine's best album trophy, and was nominated for that year's Mercury prize.

然而，尽管她的生活逐渐变得越复杂起来，她却仍然不断的获得成功。她赢得了2007年全英音乐奖的最佳女歌手奖，以及凭借Rehab和Love is aLosing Game.取得了Ivor Novello奖。（译者注：此奖是为纪念英国著名的作曲家及演员Ivor Novello而设立）。另外，她获得了Q杂志评选的最佳专辑奖，并且提名年度Mercury奖。

She unexpectedly reunited with Fielder-Civil in early 2007, and in May they married on impulse in Miami. If Winehouse had been fragile before, the marriage seemed to bring out the worst in her. She and her new husband became heavy drug users, and she was soon said to be injecting heroin. The couple were frequently photographed looking much the worse for wear, and Winehouse's arms bore the marks of self-inflicted cuts. She collapsed from an overdose in the summer, and paid the first of several unsuccessful visits to rehab.

她在2007年初的时候与Fielder-Civil又出人意料的复合了，而且在五月的时候他们在迈阿密一时冲动结了婚。如果Winehouse从前比较脆弱的话，这场婚姻好则把她最差的一面带出来了。她跟她的新婚丈夫双双成为严重的瘾君子，而且据传言她不久就开始注射海洛因。这对夫妻时常被拍到衣着糟糕，而且Winehouse的胳膊由于自虐而留下疤痕。她最终在夏天的时候由于过量摄毒而彻底倒下，而且开始了几次不成功的戒毒所治疗。

Fielder-Civil was arrested in November 2007, and subsequently pleaded guilty to attacking a pub landlord and attempting to pervert the course of justice by offering him £200,000 to keep quiet about it. While he was on remand, Winehouse lurched on as best she could. She cancelled concerts, struck up a friendship with fellow junkie Pete Doherty and tried rehab again. In the midst of it all, her talent still unquenched, she won five Grammy awards in February 2008.

Fieder-Civil在十一月份被拘留，而且承认袭击过一个酒馆主，还试图贿赂法官200，000英镑，让其对此事保持沉默，随后认罪伏法。当他还在收押候审时，Winehouse还是经常昏厥。她取消了演唱会， 断绝了跟毒品贩子Pete Doherty的来往，试着继续戒毒。在仲秋的时候，她的天赋依然不熄，2008年二月，她赢得了五项格莱美大奖。

The couple's relationship ended when Fielder-Civil received a jail sentence of 27 months the following July. Despite initially saying she would wait for him, they divorced in 2009 and she moved temporarily to the Caribbean island of St Lucia, where she hoped to escape the pernicious influence of the drug crowd in Camden, north London. Her flat in Camden was conveniently close to her favourite pub, the Hawley Arms. While she claimed to have kicked drugs in St Lucia, she admitted that she was drinking to compensate – though not to excess, she insisted.

这对夫妇的关系最终结束于Fielder-Civil被判27个月的监禁之时。尽管她一开始还声称她会等他，可他们还是在2009年的时候离婚，她则暂居加勒比海的一个叫St Lucia的岛上，她希望在那里能避开伦敦北部的那些吸毒团伙的不良影响。她在Camden的公寓离她最喜爱的Hawley Arms酒吧十分方便。当她宣布去St Lucia戒毒的时候，她也承认用酒精做替代，只不过她坚持声称没有过量。

Several other relationships followed, the longest-lasting with Reg Traviss, director of the films Screwed and Psychosis. Winehouse also began to record the follow-up to Back to Black; the head of Universal, Lucian Grainge, pronounced the demos "fantastic". She also launched her own label, Lioness, whose first signing was her then 13-year-old goddaughter, Dionne Bromfield.

随后她又开始了几段感情，持续时间最长的是跟Reg Traviss，他是Screwed and Psychosis这部电影的导演。Winehouse还开始录制Back to Black的剩余曲目：the head of Universal, Lucian Grainge,pronounced the demos "fantastic"她同时还发布了自己的音乐厂牌，Lioness，第一首歌是她13岁大的干女儿，Dionne Bromfield唱的。

Nonetheless, Winehouse was constantly in one sort of trouble or another. She was arrested several times for public order offences, and hospitalised for emphysema and the pain caused by breast implants. There were always signs that she had not conquered the demons she battled throughout her career: last year the tabloid papers ran a photo of her unconscious on a bench outside a pub, and last month she behaved so erratically on stage in the Serbian capital of Belgrade that the rest of her summer tour was cancelled.

尽管如此，Winehouse始终麻烦不断。她因为扰乱公共秩序而被拘留数次，因为肺气肿而入院，在做硅胶隆胸的时候又发生了感染。而且常常有证据显示她终其一生都未能战胜她的心魔：去年一家小报登出了一张她昏迷在一家酒馆外长凳上的照片，上个月她在塞尔维亚的首都贝尔格莱德舞台上的荒诞的行为使得她剩余的整个夏天的巡回演出全部被取消。

Her final public appearance came three days before her death, at a gig by Bromfield at the Roundhouse, Camden. Winehouse danced in dreamy circles, then disappeared without singing a note.

她最后的一次在公众场合的亮相是在她死前的第三天，在Camden的Roundhouse，由Bromfield主办 的一场特约演出。Winehouse 翩翩起舞，然后离开舞台，始终没有唱一句。

Last March she made her final recording, the pop standard Body and Soul with Tony Bennett, to be released on his album Duets II in September. Bennett remembered her as "an extraordinary musician with a rare intuition as a vocalist". During the chaotic last years of her life, she was frequently compared to other singers with tempestuous existences, such as Billie Holiday and Edith Piaf.She is survived by her parents and her brother, Alex.

她最后的录音是去年的五月和Tony Bennet一起的二重奏，这首曲子将在九月份随着Tony的专辑Duets II一起发布。在她生命混乱的最后一年里，她经常跟其他的歌手用虚幻的东西做比较，比如Billie Holiday和Edith Piaf。在父母和兄弟的帮助下还是挺过来了。

• Amy Jade Winehouse, pop singer-songwriter, born 14 September 1983; died 23 July 2011

Amy JadeWinehouse，流行歌手兼歌曲作家，生于1983年9月14日，卒于2011年7月23日，终年27岁。

 来源：卫报

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