里约谢震业200米:China's Chengguan, in the eyes of foreign med...

来源：百度文库 编辑：九乡新闻网 时间：2024/04/30 00:42:49

China's Chengguan, in the eyes of foreign media

When China began to open its doors, the world could finally see its real face and in addition to Chinese politics, an increasing number of aspects of China seem to have caught the English-speaking world's attention, ushering in a flood of concepts and expressions reflective of the current affairs in China, not merely political but also socio-economic.

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Chengguan is one among them.


The Guardian, the Economist, Newsweek, and the Times have all reported on chengguan, interpreting the term as referring to "local government enforcers", "low-level officers", or "a junior cousin to the police force".
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While the definition from the Wikipedia----


The City Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau commonly shortened to Chengguan is a local government agency that has been established in every city in the People's Republic of China.


The agency is in charge with enforcement of urban management of the city. This includes local bylaws, city appearance bylaws, environment, sanitation, work safety, pollution control, health, and can involve enforcement in planning, greening, industry and commerce, environment protection, municipal affairs and water in large cities


WSJ-----

“Urban-management” officers, or chengguan — essentially municipal security guards empowered to enforce city ordinances



Time---

Chinese Cehngguan, officers from city-management bureaus, a law-enforcement agency that is responsible for controlling street vendors, hawkers, shoe shiners and illegal cabs.


One introduction from Yutobe said that: The Chengguan(municipal administration ),which Chinese people called "the 5th military force of China".

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Other implications……

The word chengguan has even taken on an alternate meaning in Chinese. "Don't be too chengguan" is an appeal not to bully or terrorize. In other words, chengguan has literally become synonymous with violence.



Why they are anywhere?


It's precisely because the Chinese bureaucracy's idea of an ideal city doesn't include peddlers and street vendors that the chengguan developed into such a powerful institution.


Originally, such issues were handled by the danwei, the work units to which Chinese employees were once closely bound, says Zhou Hanhua, a scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The danwei supervised workers' lives down to marriage and childbirth, and prevented people from engaging in unregulated enterprises on the side. The decline of China's state-owned enterprises in the 1990s precipitated the breakdown of the danwei system. At the same time the country grew increasingly urbanized, and millions of migrant workers poured into big cities. "The traditional system could no longer manage," Zhou says. "The chengguan were established to handle the problems of the urban environment."

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Their embarrassing existence


The chengguan ended up with enforcement powers for a broad range of regulations in Chinese cities. Officers were often drawn from the ranks of laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises and given little training in law enforcement


China's chengguan have emerged in an era with a colossal migrant population, a stern employment market and increasing tensions between officials and the public. The supercharged urbanization and large-scale migration have brought huge pressure on urban management, and chengguan are in the frontline of urban conflicts.


In the 14 years since the unit was created, chengguan have been dealing with minor violations of laws and trying to maintain urban order in trading, business and traffic.


Previously, these duties were conducted by several separate departments, and their work overlapped with each other.

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Chengguan, as a comprehensive unit of law enforcement, have effectively lowered urban administrative costs and enhanced administrative management.


Chengguan officers have been accused of many violations. In southeastern Jiangxi province, local residents say bureau officers beat to death a farmer who was trying to stop a land-reclamation project. His killing sparked a riot, with angry residents overturning chengguan cars on a local highway. In the southern city of Changsha, city-management officers allegedly beat a Chinese reporter who was visiting from Beijing to cover a demolition-and-relocation project. And in the central city of Xi'an, chengguan who were shutting down a breakfast stall kicked a wok and burned a vendor with scalding oil.


In late April, a law-enforcement officer posted on the Internet parts of a manual that instructed officers on how to beat suspects without leaving marks, sparking harsh criticism from bloggers and the domestic press.


China's first Chengguan Image Analysis Report was released in May this year. According to the report, the image of China's chengguan (city administration and law enforcement officers) has been demonized among Internet users due to their conflicts with civilians over the last several years.

A video game about China's Chengguan has been quite popular which strongly satirizes them. The following pictures are the shotscreens of the video game:

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I am a chengguan of Independence City. I have just finished with my training program in China; this is my first day on duty.
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If you are more capable, you are more needed. I know, I am earnestly needed in this city.

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Being a Cehngguan in this evil city is quite dangerous. My truck is covered on all sides with steel plates of 3cm thick. It is equipped with bullet-proof window panes and tires to ensure the safety. By the way, did I mention that we had our trucks imported from China?

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Oh,a hotdog vendor, Iam so hungry!

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I don not even pay a meal in this city, Why can't I have a hotdog for free?!


The chengguan's embarrassment can only be addressed via the building of a lawful society. Currently, the chengguan's work is completely guided by local administrations, and the boundaries of their law enforcement capabilities are very ambiguous.


A legal system must be established to push the chengguan to act within the law, and their violent acts should be punished strictly. In the meantime, society should also enhance its legal awareness, as the building of a lawful society calls for efforts by all.




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