里约女排对巴西直播:大多数洗碗机里藏有危险真菌

大多数洗碗机里藏有危险真菌

Fifty-six percent of dishwashers tested positive for disease-causing fungi.

检测表明：56%的洗碗机里存在致病真菌。

Tue Jun 21, 2011 Content provided by AFP

2011年6月21日，星期二  内容由法新社提供

（Photo）The potentially harmful fungi was found on the dishwasher doors' rubber seals. 

（图片解释）潜在的有害真菌是在洗碗机门的吸力胶条表面被发现的。

THE GIST

要旨：

·Both species of fungi are rarely encountered in nature, but common in dishwashers.

 ·发现的两种真菌在自然界都很罕见，但在洗碗机里很常见。

·The fungi can survive high temperatures and detergents.

 ·它们可以在高温和清洁剂存在的环境中生存。

·The study did not focus on whether the fungi had been a threat to human health.

 ·该研究的焦点并非是这些真菌是否已对人类健康造成威胁。

Scientists have found a possibly harmful fungus that grows in dishwashers, surviving high temperatures, aggressive doses of detergents and rinsing salts and both acid and alkaline types of water.

科学家们已经发现一种生长在洗碗机内的可能有害真菌。它能够在高温，高浓度的洗涤剂，水洗盐和酸性及碱性水中存活。

A black yeast called Exophiala dermatitidis was found with a cousin fungus, E. phaeomuriformis, in samples taken from dishwashers in 189 homes in 101 cities in six continents.

科学家从来自6个大陆101个城市的189个家庭的洗碗机中提取的样本中，发现了一种黑色酵母菌，叫做外瓶霉以及一种与其同属的真菌，暗色砖样外瓶霉（E. phaeomuriformis）

Fifty-six percent of the dishwashers contained the fungi on the rubber seal on the appliance door.

调查的所有洗碗机中，有65%这发现了这两种真菌，它们生长在洗碗机门的吸力胶条处。

Both species "are known to be able to cause systemic disease in humans and frequently colonize the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis," says the study.

研究报告称，这两种真菌“可对人体构成患病风险，常寄生在患者肺部，致使其肺泡纤维化”。

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The fungi are "extremophile" organisms that are rarely encountered in nature. This suggests they have found an evolutionary benefit by occupying a household niche, thriving on warmth and moisture.

这些真菌是“极端微生物”，所以它们在自然界极少被发现。这表明：他们已通过占据一个小家庭生态位，以及温暖和潮湿的环境繁殖找到了一种进化适应方法。

The study appears in the latest edition of the journal Fungal Biology, published by the British Mycological Society.

英国真菌学会在其最新一期《真菌生物》期刊上告公布了这一研究。

The probe did not focus on whether the dishwasher fungi had been any threat to health.

此项研究调查的焦点并非是这些真菌是否已对人类健康造成威胁。

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It says, though, "further search is imperative" given the risk of genetic mingling in this unusual environment.

据说，尽管“进一步研究势在必行”，但它使得真菌在这种特殊环境下的基因混合的风险大了许多。

"The co-existence of different genotypes of the same species possibly enables genetic recombination, resulting into new genotypes with unknown pathogenic potential," says the paper.

报告指出：“具有不同基因的同类真菌的长期共存可能引发真菌间基因重组，从而导致新基因类型真菌的产生，而其有潜在致病性。”

Other microscopic species found in the dishwashers were members of the Aspergillus, Candida, Magnusiomyces, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhodotorula groups.

在洗碗机中发现的其他微观物种属于曲霉属真菌，念珠菌，Magnusiomyces菌，镰刀霉，青霉菌和红酵母群。