自行车玩具视频:吸烟可瞬间损害基因

吸烟可瞬间损害基因

科学家认为该新发现对于那些想要尝试吸烟的人来说是“严重警告”。 

THE GIS

Pollutants in cigarettes called PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) can cause genetic damage in minutes.

香烟中的污染物质PAHs (多环芳香烃）会在几分钟内对基因造成损害。

Researchers say the "effect is so fast that it's equivalent to injecting the substance directly into the bloodstream."

研究人员表示“这种损害的效果来得如此迅速，相当于直接将这些物质注射到血管。”

This genetic damage can lead to lung cancer, a cancer that kills 3,000 people around the world each day.

Those first few puffs on a cigarette can within minutes cause genetic damage linked to cancer, US scientists said in a study released Saturday.

In fact, researchers said the "effect is so fast that it's equivalent to injecting the substance directly into the bloodstream," in findings described as a "stark warning" to those who smoke.

事实上，研究人员认为这项发现足以“严重警告”那些吸烟者，因为“这种损害的效果来得如此迅速，相当于直接将这些物质注射到血管内。”

The study is the first on humans to track how substances in tobacco cause DNA damage, and appears in the peer-reviewed journal Chemical Research in Toxicology, issued by the American Chemical Society.

Using 12 volunteer smokers, scientists tracked pollutants called PAHs, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, that are carried in tobacco smoke and can also be found in coal-burning plants and in charred barbecue food.

科学家们邀请了12位志愿者用以追踪有毒物质PAHs （多环芳香烃），该物质由吸烟进入人体内，它们也存在于燃煤电厂和烤焦的烧烤食品中。

They followed one particular type -- phenanthrene, which is found in cigarette smoke -- through the blood and saw it form a toxic substance that is known to "trash DNA, causing mutations that can cause cancer," the study said.

他们追踪进入血液的其中一种物质，由吸烟产生的菲（phenanthrene），并发现它在人体内产生毒素。研究认为该毒素“破坏DNA ，引起基因突变，可导致癌症”。

"The smokers developed maximum levels of the substance in a time frame that surprised even the researchers: just 15-30 minutes after the volunteers finished smoking," the study said.

研究说：“仅仅在志愿者吸烟过后的15－30分钟，他们体内的毒性物质含量就达到了一段时间内的顶峰，即使是研究人员也对此感到颇为吃惊。”

"These results are significant because PAH diol epoxides react readily with DNA, induce mutations, and are considered to be ultimate carcinogens of multiple PAH in cigarette smoke," the study said.

研究认为：“这项结果相当重要，因为多环芳香环氧二醇(PAH diol epoxides)易与DNA反应，引发突变，所以被认为是吸烟产生的众多环芳香烃中最严重的致癌物质。”

Lead scientist Stephen Hecht said the study is unique because it examines the effects of inhaling cigarette smoke, without interference from other sources of harm such as pollution or a poor diet.

"The results reported here should serve as a stark warning to those who are considering starting to smoke cigarettes," Hecht said.

Lung cancer kills about 3,000 people around the world each day, and 90 percent of those deaths are attributable to cigarette smoking.

全球每天有大约3000人死于肺癌，其中百分之九十与吸烟有关。

The research was funded by the National Cancer Institute.

吸烟可瞬间损害基因

科学家认为该新发现对于那些想要尝试吸烟的人来说是“严重警告”。 

THE GIS

Pollutants in cigarettes called PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) can cause genetic damage in minutes.

香烟中的污染物质PAHs (多环芳香烃）会在几分钟内对基因造成损害。

Researchers say the "effect is so fast that it's equivalent to injecting the substance directly into the bloodstream."

研究人员表示“这种损害的效果来得如此迅速，相当于直接将这些物质注射到血管。”

This genetic damage can lead to lung cancer, a cancer that kills 3,000 people around the world each day.

Those first few puffs on a cigarette can within minutes cause genetic damage linked to cancer, US scientists said in a study released Saturday.

In fact, researchers said the "effect is so fast that it's equivalent to injecting the substance directly into the bloodstream," in findings described as a "stark warning" to those who smoke.

事实上，研究人员认为这项发现足以“严重警告”那些吸烟者，因为“这种损害的效果来得如此迅速，相当于直接将这些物质注射到血管内。”

The study is the first on humans to track how substances in tobacco cause DNA damage, and appears in the peer-reviewed journal Chemical Research in Toxicology, issued by the American Chemical Society.

Using 12 volunteer smokers, scientists tracked pollutants called PAHs, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, that are carried in tobacco smoke and can also be found in coal-burning plants and in charred barbecue food.

科学家们邀请了12位志愿者用以追踪有毒物质PAHs （多环芳香烃），该物质由吸烟进入人体内，它们也存在于燃煤电厂和烤焦的烧烤食品中。

They followed one particular type -- phenanthrene, which is found in cigarette smoke -- through the blood and saw it form a toxic substance that is known to "trash DNA, causing mutations that can cause cancer," the study said.

他们追踪进入血液的其中一种物质，由吸烟产生的菲（phenanthrene），并发现它在人体内产生毒素。研究认为该毒素“破坏DNA ，引起基因突变，可导致癌症”。

"The smokers developed maximum levels of the substance in a time frame that surprised even the researchers: just 15-30 minutes after the volunteers finished smoking," the study said.

研究说：“仅仅在志愿者吸烟过后的15－30分钟，他们体内的毒性物质含量就达到了一段时间内的顶峰，即使是研究人员也对此感到颇为吃惊。”

"These results are significant because PAH diol epoxides react readily with DNA, induce mutations, and are considered to be ultimate carcinogens of multiple PAH in cigarette smoke," the study said.

研究认为：“这项结果相当重要，因为多环芳香环氧二醇(PAH diol epoxides)易与DNA反应，引发突变，所以被认为是吸烟产生的众多环芳香烃中最严重的致癌物质。”

Lead scientist Stephen Hecht said the study is unique because it examines the effects of inhaling cigarette smoke, without interference from other sources of harm such as pollution or a poor diet.

"The results reported here should serve as a stark warning to those who are considering starting to smoke cigarettes," Hecht said.

Lung cancer kills about 3,000 people around the world each day, and 90 percent of those deaths are attributable to cigarette smoking.

全球每天有大约3000人死于肺癌，其中百分之九十与吸烟有关。

The research was funded by the National Cancer Institute.

该研究由国家癌症研究（National Cancer Institute）所赞助