九乡新闻网:初中英语时态
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初中英语时态
（一）现在进行时
作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。
现在进行时表示1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.
2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. They are working these days.
3、 某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。E.g I am coming.
其结构为be+现在分词. 现在分词的变法有
1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump
2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g have write
3、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. E.g. sit put
其句式变换都在be上做文章。
E.g. He is buying a bike.
Is he buying a bike?
He isn’t buying a bike.
一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。
尽管现在进行时比较简单，但在做题过程中也常会犯一些错误，常见的错误有如下几种：
专项训练：
一 、单选
1、 Look! He _____their mother do the housework.
A. is helping B. are help C. is help D.is helpping
2 、_____are the boys doing ? They are singing in the room.
A .Who B .How C.What D.Where
3、 Don’t talk here. My mother _____.
A. is sleeping B .are sleeping C. sleeping D .sleep
4 、Danny ______. Don’t call him.
A. is writeing B .is writing C.writing D .writes
5 、–When_____he_____back?
– Sorry, I don’t know.
A. does,come B.are coming C.is come D.is coming
答案：A C A B D
二 、填空
1、 It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____(lie)in bed.
2、 What____he _____(mend)?
3、 We _____(play)games now.
[NextPage]
4、 What ____you____(do) these days?
5、 ____he ___(clean) the classroom?
6、 Who____(sing)in the next room?
7 、The girl____(like)wearing a sweater. Look! She ____(wear)a red sweater today.
答案：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing
5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing
一 把动词变成现在分词形式易出错
例：1、They are swiming.(swim)
2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.
答案：1.swimming 2 .playing
解析：动词变现在分词可有如下口诀:“一添一去y不变”. “一添”指双写规则；“一去”指去掉不发音字母e规则；“y不变”指要与名词变复数区分开。
二 丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词
例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.
2 、Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.
答案：1 are flying 2 isn’t reading
解析:现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为: “be+现在分词,缺一不可”。这一点必须牢记。
三 对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing
例：1 、The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)
What are the students in the room?
答案：What are the students doing in the room?
解析:现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式“What +be +主语+doing+其它?”
或简写为“What......doing......”?句式。
四现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视or后用现在分词形式
例：孩子们在跑还是在跳？
Are the children running or jump?
答案：Are the children running or jumping?
解析: or连接的是两个并列成分，动词形式须一致。
一般现在时是英语中应用最广泛的时态之一，是中考复习的重点。它表示
1) 经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.
2) 其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.
其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作， 一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?
2） 单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t；变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。
E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.
Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.
Does Jenny speak English very well?
含有be动词的要在be上做变化.
E.g. Danny is a good student.
Danny isn’t a good student.
Is Danny a good student?
其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。
做题时常见错误如下：
一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中
例：We are plant (plant) the trees in spring. 答案：plant
解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be 、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”
专项练习： 一、 单选
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have B there is C there are D has
3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain
4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.
A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets
5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.
A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen
6 Jenny____ English every evening.
A has study B studies C study D studied
答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B
[NextPage]二、填空
1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.
2 _____your sister_____(know)English?
3Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school.
4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.
5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?
6 Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?
7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?
8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .
答案：1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look
5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play
二、单三人称形式易出错
例：1 He plaies (play) football very well.
2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.
答案：1 plays 2 goes
解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es；2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.
三、在句式变换时易出错
例：1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?
2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in
答案：1 Does have 2 doesn’t live
解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.
四、对do的理解易出错
例：We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.答案：don’t do
解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词don’t。
五、对主语的数判断有误
例： Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is
解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is.
另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。
初中英语时态
（三）过去进行时
过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.
其结构是助动词be的过去形式was/were +v-ing.
其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.
We weren’t working in class. Were you working in class?
过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.
做题时常见错误如下：
一、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词
例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.
答案：was talking
解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。
二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词
例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.
2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday.
答案：1 was watching 2 were playing
解析：现在进行时中“be+现在分词,缺一不可”的规律也可应用于过去进行时。
三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing
例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (对划线部分提问)
What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?
答案：What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?
解析：现在进行时中“What……doing……”?句式同样适用于过去进行时。
四、易与现在进行时弄混
例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.答案：was cooking
解析：这两种时态的共同点是都表示动作正在进行，但现在进行时前提是现在，而过去进行时前提是过去，由when I got home可看出前提是过去。
五、易与一般过去时弄混
例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。
I read (read) a story book yesterday evening.
答案：was reading
解析：这两种时态的共同点是都用于表示过去发生的动作。但过去进行时强调动作正在进行，而一般过去时则表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，它表示的动作往往已经完成。“在”说明正在进行，而“I read a story book yesterday evening.”的意思是昨晚我读了一本故事书，言下之意已经读完了。故用过去进行时。
另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。
e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.
专项训练：一 、单选
1 What ______ from three to four yesterday afternoon?
A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing
2 – I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
- Oh., I’m sorry I _____ dinner at my friend’s home.
A home B had C was having D have had
3 My mother _____ while my father _____TV.
A cooked; was watching B was cooking; was watching
C was cooked; watched D cooked; watched
4 When I got home, my son _____ the music.
A am listening to B listened to C was listening to D was listening
5 We heard a cry when we ______ TV last night.
A were watching B would watch C watch D watched
6 She asked him whether he _____ back for lunch.
A come B was coming C came D had come
7 Could you tell me when ______?
A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming
8 The teacher ______ when I came into the classroom.
A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing
9 The pizza ______ by my mother. Would you like to have some?
A makes B was making C made D was made
10 Nobody noticed what she ______ at the moment.
A will do B was doing C has done D had done
11 Was it raining hard when you _____ this morning?
A left B leaves C was leaving D would leave
答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 A
二 、填空
1 ______ they______ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?
2 Mrs.Green _____ _____ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.
3 Grandpa ______ ______ (mend) his clock when I reached home.
4 As I _____ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games.
答案：1 were feeding 2 wasn’t washing 3 was mending 4 was walking初中英语时态
（四）一般过去时
一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。可以从以下几个方面来理解：1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday. He was a worker two years ago.2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。e.g. When I was a child,I often played with fire. Li Lei always walked to school last term.3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer.4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。e.g. What did you say?
另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。e.g. Could you lend me your pen?
其结构是"主语+动词的过去式"。be动词的过去式为was, were；行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，规则变化有以下几种情况：1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed. e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked; 2）以e结尾的动词只加-d. e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. e.g. shop-----shopped; 4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.
其句式变化分为两种情况1)含有be动词的依然在be上做文章. e.g. I was born in 1980. I was not born in 1980. Were you born in 1980? 2)含有行为动词的变否定句要在行为动词前加助动词didn't.,同时把动词变成原形; 变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词did,同时把动词变成原形. e.g. I bought a gift for my mum yesterday. I didn't buy a gift for my mum yesterday. Did you buy a gift for your mum yesterday?
其时间状语为yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning; 由"last+时间"构成的短语, e.g. last year; 由"时间段+ago"构成的短语, e.g. three days ago; 另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等,以及一些表示过去时态的从句.注意,在宾语从句中主句为过去,一般从句也为过去.
常见错误如下:
一 把动词变成过去式易出错
例: 1 They stoped (stop) talking just now.
2 They plaied (play) football yesterday.答案: 1 stopped 2 played
解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"动词变成过去式,双写规律要牢记;y前若是辅音字,y变i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只须直接加-ed."
二 忘记把动词变成过去式
例: I fly (fly) kites on the afternoon of Sunday.答案: flew
解析:我们可以记住下面的口诀:"一般过去时态里,过去形式莫忘记".
专项练习
一、过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式。is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________
worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________
put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
二、Be动词的过去时练习。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning?
She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.
10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.
11. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
12. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.
13. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?
He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.
14. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.
15. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.
She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.
16. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.
17. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.
18. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.
四、句型转换。
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3、Lucy did her homework at home.
（改否定句）Lucy ___________ ___________ her homework at home.
4、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.
（变一般疑问句)___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?
5、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）
__________ ___________ __________ she __________ there?
6、There was some orange in the cup.
（变一般疑问句)_________ there ___________ orange in the cup?
五、中译英。
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________
4.. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________
5. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________
6. 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________
7. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.
8. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.
9. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma __________ TV every day. But he _________ ___________ yesterday.
10. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
初中英语时态
（五）一般将来时
一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及计划、打算做某事。E.g. They will have a football match tomorrow. He will be thirty next week. She is going to buy a coat this afternoon. 其结构有如下几种: 1)will + 动词原形(will可以用于任何人称) 需要注意的是当主语是第一人称时will可以换成shall,特别是在以I或we作主语的问句中,一般用shall. e.g. Shall we go to the zoo? 2)be going to +动词原形 3)现在进行时也可表示将来,前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.
第一种结构的句式变化是: 变否定句在will后边加not. 变一般疑问句把will提前. e.g. She will be back in three days. She will not be back in three days. Will She be back in three days? 第二种结构的句式变化要在be上做文章. E.g. They are going to clean their classroom. They are not going to clean their classroom. Are they going to clean their classroom? 其时间状语有如下几种 1）this引导的短语 如 this year 2）tomorrow及其相关短语 如tomorrow morning 3）next引导的短语 如 next month 4) from now on ; in the future ; in an hour 等。
做题时常见错误如下：
一、易忽视动词用原形形式
例：1 He will is (be) at school next Monday.
2 He is going to does (do) his homework after school.答案：1 be 2 do
解析：第一题有的同学一看he做主语就用了is，忽视了will后应加动词原形。我们在写句子时，很容易把动词丢掉，“英语句子里，动词不能少”的 规律必须要牢记。第二题中to后加动词原形，而不是用单三人称.。
二、be going to +动词原形与will+动词原形用法不清楚
例：我正努力学习，准备参加英语考试。
I am studying hard and I will try for my English exams.
答案：I am studying hard and I am going to try for my English exams.
解析：“be going to” 表示计划、打算要做某事。E.g. He is going to visit his friends. 还表示某种迹象表明会发生某事.e.g. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 而“Will+动词原形 ”指对将来事物的预见、表示意愿、决心。E.g. I will wait for you until you come. 在单纯预测未来时，二者可以互换，但在此题中只能用be going to，而不能用will。
专项练习：一、 单选
1 _____you ____a doctor when you grow up?
A Will; going to be B Are; going to be C Are; / D Will; be
2 I don’t know if his uncle ___. I think he ___ if it doesn’t rain.
A will come;comes B will come;will comeC comes;comes D comes;will come
3 He will be back _____a few minutes.A with B for C on D in
4 What time _____we meet at the gate tomorrow?
A will B shall C do D are
5 He will have a holiday as soon as he _____the work next week.
A finishes B doesn’t finish C will finish D won’t finish
[NextPage]6 There _____some showers this afternoon.
A will be B will have C is going to be D are going to have
7 It ____my brother’s birthday tomorrow. She _____a party.
A is going to be; will have B will be; is having C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be
8 Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _____11.
A is B is going to be C will be D will to be
答案：1 B 2B 3 D 4 B 5A 6A 7 C 8 C
二、 填空
1 -“I need some paper.”
- “I ____(bring)some for you.”
2____(be)you free tomorrow?
3 They _________(not leave) until you come back.
4 _____we_____(go) to the party together this afternoon?
5 They want to know when the meeting _____start.
6 I _____(go) with you if I have time.
7 Hurry up! Or we ______(be) late.
8What ____you _______(do) tomorrow afternoon?
9 Jenny ____ _____ (do) an experiment the day after tomorrow.
10 If she isn’t free tomorrow, she ______(not take) part in the party.
答案： 1 will bring 2 Are 3 won’t leave 4Shall go 5 will 6 will go
7 will be 8 are going to do 9 will do 10 won’t take
三、 There be结构的一般将来时易出错
例：There_________ a basketball match this afternoon. (B)
A is going to be B is going to have C are going to be D are going to have 答案：A
解析：There be结构的一般将来时既要符合There be结构，又要符合一般将来时。有的同学认为have当“有”讲，所以选了B，但There be结构就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.
四、 be going to结构中易丢掉to
例：I’m going _______(go) school by bike tomorrow. (C)
A to will go B to go to C go to D to go 答案：B
解析：由tomorrow可知是一般将来时，be going to +动词原形，所以先确定用to go , 在B、 D当中选，而go to school 是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个to而省略，这是一个易错点，需要注意。另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，若主句用了将来时，从句则用一般现在时，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.
初中英语时态
（六）现在完成时
现在完成时表示1）过去发生或已经完成的动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果．（即它的＂完成用法＂）e.g. I have just cleaned the classroom. 2)过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。注意：此时动作可能还要继续。（即它的＂未完成用法＂）。 E.g. He has lived in
其结构是“have/has+过去分词”。过去分词的变化分规则与不规则两种。规则变化与过去式相同，不规则变化需要另记。
它的否定句是在have/has后边加not，变一般疑问句是把have/has提前。E.g. I have ridden a horse. I have not ridden a horse. Have you ridden a horse?
它的时间状语通常为already, just, yet, ever, never, before等。另外还可和since+表过去的时间点，for+时间段连用。
做题时常见错误如下：
一、易丢掉have/has
例：He taken (take) the medicine before.
答案：has taken
解析：have/has 为助动词，起构成时态的作用，是不能省略的。我们可以这样记：“现在完成时态中，have/has 不可缺。”
二、have与has易用混
例：I has never heard (hear) of that before.
答案：have heard
解析：现在完成时与一般现在时一样也有单三人称的变化，当单三人称作主语时用 has, 一般人称作主语时用have．
三、延续性动词与短暂性动词易弄错
例：She has left (离开) for 2 hours.
答案：has been away
解析：在肯定句中，与since或for引出的时间状语连用的是延续性动词，不能是短暂性动词，但在否定句中短暂性动词也是可以的。E.g. I haven't bought clothes for one year. 在此题中leave是短暂性动词，不能与for+时间段连用，须把它改成相应的延续性动词。如stop be over等。此题中leave要改成be away。这两种词的转换是学习现在完成时需要注意的。
专项练习：
一、单选
1 You have _____ a tall young man.
A grown B grown into C grown us D grown up
2 He has ____ the watch for a year.
A buy B bought C have D had
3 Has your brother _____ the dog?
A kept in B fed C fed on D kept on
4I _____this book for two weeks, I have to return it now.
A borrowed B have borrowed C kept D have kept
5 Have you ever _____to the Great Wall? It's very beautiful.
A gone B been C went D go
6 Her brother _____the Party since 1978.
A joined B has joined C has been in D was in
7 The Greens _____many places of interest since they came to
A will visit B visited C have visited D visit
8 I'm sorry, I ____ your name.
A had forgotten B forgot C have forgotten D forgotten
9 The bookshop _____ for eight years.
A has been open B has been opened Chas opened D has open
10 We have all the paper so we need to buy some.
A used up B made of C filled with D hunted for
11 The flower I ____grown up.
A planted has B planted have C has planted D have planted
答案：１B 2 D 3 B 4D 5 B 6 C 7 C 8 C 9 A 10 A 11 A
二、填空
1 Have you ever ______(take) a train?
2 It _________(be ) more than three years since Jim ______(leave) here.
3 Have you _____(make)friends with your new classmates yet?
4 I _______(have) my lunch and I'm not hungry now.
5 Jim has never seen a panda, _____he?
6 We ______(be) good friends since we met at school.
7 We can't find him anywhere. Perhaps he______(go) home.
8 He _____(read) the book before.
9 Mr. Green _____(teach) us a lot about social studies since September.
10 I _____never____ (meet) her sister before.
答案：1 taken 2 has been, left 3made 4 have had 5 has 6 have been 7 has gone 8 has read 9 has taught 10 have met
四、have been to与 have gone to 易弄混
例：我去过北京。
I have gone to
答案：I have been to Beijing.
解析："have been to+地点" 是表示曾去过某地，但此刻不在那儿（即在说话的地方）。而"have gone to+地点" 是表示去某地了，此刻在路上或已经到了那个地方（即不在说话的地方）。注意：这两个句式后接副词时，需省to。E.g. He has gone there.
五、 忘记把already变成yet
例：I have already finished my homework.(变一般疑问句)
Have you already finished your homework?
答案： Have you finished your homework yet?
解析：现在完成时态中，肯定句中有already，变否定句或疑问句时通常要改为yet．
六、在条件、时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来
例：I'll go with you when I finish(finish) my homework.
答案：have finished
解析：在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作，用现在完成时。但注意，此时表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成，若两动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生，则一般不用现在完成时。
另外，现在完成时易与一般过去时弄混，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复初中英语时态
（七）过去完成时
其结构是"had+过去分词".
它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。E.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock. Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock?
它通常和before, by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用. 另外, 复合句的主句为一般过去时, 宾语从句表达过去发生的动作时,从句也要用过去完成时. E.g. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before.
做题时常见错误如下：
一、had形式易写错
例：He hads (have) gone home when I got to his office.
答案：had
解析：have/has 的过去式都为had, had 在过去完成时中也是助动词, 不能再有单三人称的变化.
二、易与现在完成时弄混
例：He asked what I have (have) said.
答案：had
解析：现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果．而过去完成时强调对过去的影响或结果．
三、易与一般过去时弄混
例：She lived (live) in New York for eight years before he came to China.
答案：had lived
解析：一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。而过去完成时主要体现过去发生的两动作先后有别，即比过去发生的某动作还要“过去”，两动作中先发生的是过去完成时，后发生的则只用一般过去时。
专项练习：
一、单选
1 When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.
A has; been sent B had; sent C has; sent D had; been sent
2 We ____five English songs by the end of last term.
A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned
3 Han Mei told me she _____lunch, so she was very hungry.
A has had B hasn't have C have had D hadn't had
4 By the end of 1976, many buildings _____built in the city.
A have been B have C had been D will
5 She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.
A has left; comes B had left; would come
C had left; came D left; had come
6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink.
A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoying
7 The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school.
A has begun; get B has been on; get
C had begun; got D had been on; got
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答案：１D 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 C 6 A 7 C
二、填空
1 When I returned home, he _____ (leave).
2 By ten yesterday evening, she ________(finish)writing.
3 He ______ (study) English for five years before he came here.
4 It ____ _____ (stop) raining when I wake up this morning.
5 I _____ (not read) the book because I had read it before.
6 She said she____ (be) born in 1992.
7 When he _____(come) to
8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _____(not see) each other since left
9 When I got to his home, he_____(go) to bed.
10 She asked if Mr. Liu _____ already _____(come) back.
答案：
1 had left 2 had finished 3 had studied 4 had stopped
5 didn't read
6 was 7 came had learned 8 hadn't seen 9 had gone
10 had come
初中英语时态
（八）过去将来时
其结构为＂would/should +v". 第一人称用should，其它人称用would．E.g. I hoped I should be well again very soon. My mother told me she would go shopping. 过去将来时也可以用 "was/were going to +v" 来表示．E.g. He said that he was going to have a walk with his mother. 注意：go , come, leave, start 等表示位置移动的动词，常用过去进行时表示一个当时按计划或安排近期将要发生的事情．E.g. He didn't say when he was coming.
常见错误是：
在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中忘记用一般过去时代替过去将来时．
例：He said that he was going to the Great Wall if it wouldn't rain (rain) the next Saturday.
答案：didn't rain
解析：条件状语从句和时间状语从句中一般不用过去将来时，而常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作．
专项练习：
一、单选
1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.
- Well, he said he _____here on time.
A came B would come C can be D will be
2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _____.
A was going to cry B cryed C began to cry D was crying
3 Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come
4Jenny said she _____her holiday in
A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend
答案：1 B 2 A 3C 4 D
二、填空
1 She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
2 I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.
3 He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
4 Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
答案：1 was leaving 2 would lend 3 would be 4 would help