重庆璧山哪里有羊羔卖:初中英语常用词组辨析30组(dg)

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初中英语常用词组辨析30组(二)来源:互联网   时间:2010-07-27

  11、die dead dealth

  die死亡(vi.)(died 是die的过去时形式),如:

  He died yesterday.

  death n.1.死亡;逝世

  The death of her mother was sudden. 她母亲的死很突然。

  2.死因

  The accident was the death of him. 他因意外事故而死。

  dead adj.

  1.死亡的;无生命的

  My father has been dead for ten years. 我父亲已经去世十年了。

  2. 无感觉的;无 生气的;麻木的

  If your fingers get very cold, they feel dead. 你的手指如果冷得过分,它们会失去知觉。

  3.不再使用的

  a dead language 已经死亡了的文字

  4.失灵的;用完的; 不发挥作用的

  The television's been dead since the storm. 暴风雨过后那台电视机就坏了。

 

  12、 large和big

  large 侧重表示三维量值,强调体积,修饰人时指个子大。此外它也可以表示范围,能力(capacity)和数量(amount或quantity)方面的大

  Do you want the large size, or the small size? 你是要大号的还是要小号的?

  big 也可以表示体积大,但不同于large。比方,a large box 只说明箱子大,但未必重,而 a big box 不仅体积大而且含义此箱子很重。此外,big还含义给人以深刻的印象,有时含有“重要”的意思。因此可以用big来修饰 problem,但不能用large, a big person 未必large, 相反a large person未必big

  On the last day I made a big decision. 在最后一天,我作了一项重大的决定。

  He is working for a big firm. 他现在为一家大商行工作。

 

  13、in和into

  in意为“在…内”,是表示静态的介词,into意为“进… 里”,是表示动态的复合介词。例如:

  She is walking in the room.她正在房间里踱来踱去。

  She walked into the room. 她走进了房间。

  在put, throw, break, lay, fall等动词之后,既可以用in,也可以用into,这时in也表示动态,常含有into的意思。例如:

  He put all the books in/into the bag.他把所有的书都放进书包里。

  In 可以作副词,into不可。例如:Come in! 进来!

 

  14、past pass across cross

  pass动词,“经过;穿过;通过;度过;传递”,在句中通常作谓语。例如:

  This information will never pass my lips.我决不泄漏这个消息。

  Please pass me the ruler. 请把尺子递给我。

  past是pass的过去分词。用于构成完成时态。

  past介词,“(指时间、地点、数量、程度等)过;(指范围、限度、能力等)超过”。例如:

  at half past seven在七点半

  Our bus drove past the Great Hall of the People. 我们乘的公共汽车开过人民大会堂。

  across介词,“横过;穿过;在……的另一边”,指从一边到另一边,在句中作状语。例如:

  Let’s help push the cart across the bridge. 我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。

  The post office is just across the street.邮局就在马路对过。

  副词,“横过;穿过;从一边到另一边;交叉;横;阔”。例如:

  The river is 400 metres across.河宽有四百米。

  cross 动词,“越过;穿过;渡过;使交叉/相交;”在句中可以作谓语。例如:

  The red army crossed the snow mountains and the marshy grasslands.

  红军爬雪山,过草地。(及物动词,后面跟宾语)

  You may cross to the other side of the street by subway.

  你可以从地道过街。(不及物动词,后面要跟宾语必须加介词to。)

  名词,“十字形;”例如:the Red Cross 红十字会

 

  15、or和and

  or和and都有“和,还有,跟…”之义,但and用于肯定句中,而or用在选择疑问句或否定句中,如:

  Tom and John are both my friends.

  Shall we meet this afternoon or tomorrow?

  or常译作“或者”,另外还有“否则”之义,而and没有,如:

  Hurry up,or you'll be late.(否则)

 

  16、 street way road route

  road意为“路”,“道路”,指供车辆或行人通过的大道,两侧一般没有房子。如:The car is running along the road.汽车沿(着这条道)路行驶。

  Street意为“街道”,指城镇、乡村任何两旁有房子的路。“在街上”可以说on the street,也可以说in the street,前者是美国英语,后者是英国英语。说“在…第几号”要用介词at,如:There are many shops in the street.街上有许多商店。

  Way意为“道路”,指street, road或任何可以通行的路,含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指路程距离。如:

  I asked the way to the station. 我打听去车站的路。

  It was a long way from here.路(程)很远。

  route的含义是“路线”,通常是迂回的,可以包括数条道路或街道,有时甚至包括小路、小巷。使用范围也较广。如:登山运动员所攀登的路线,实际上不是路;其它方面,如公共汽车所行经的“路线”,邮递员发送邮件的“路线”等

  That postman is in charge of this route.那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。

  This bus route covers a large number of streets.这路公共汽车行经许多街道。

 

  17、"as well as" "as well" "and"

  as well,同too, also,其反义词为either,用于肯定句句尾,表“也,又;同样;(既…)又;(不仅…)而且:He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well.他是科学家,而且又是诗人。

  as well as用于肯定句中,起连接作用,同not only…but also,反义词为neither…nor…,表“既…又…;不仅…而且…”;也:He gave me clothes as well as food.他既给我食物,又给我衣服。(as well as重在强调其前面的人或事物)

  and与二者的区别较大,and虽也是连词,但表“和,与,同时”,表示并列或对称的关系,用来连接词、短语或句子:father and son父子;He and I are friends.他和我是朋友。

 

  18、talk speak tell

  tell“告诉,请传达某事给某人”(常有双宾语,人和话语,tell sb. sth.)

  如:Tell him to wait. 叫他等着。

  speak 着重“讲话这一动作本身, 既可指系统的长篇讲话, 又可指简单的开口发音, 但不一定有人在听所说的话”, 如:The baby is learning to speak.那个婴儿在学说话。

  talk侧重“与人交谈时的连贯说话”, 如:

  I'm talking to a friend.我正与朋友谈话。

  此句意为:我可以和安说话吗?speak to sb.与…说话(侧重动作);talk to sb.与…谈话(侧重双方交谈)

 

  19、go on to do 和 go on doing

  go on to do 指做完了一件事,再去做另一件事,而 go on doing sth. 指一直在做同一件事,如:

  1、 After he finished reading the text, he went on to do his homework.

  2、 From 6 to 9 this morning, Tom went on writing a short passage.

  第一句:读完课文,又去做作业。(两件事)

  第二句,从6点到9点,一直在写小短文。(一直在干同一件事)

 

  20、比较级形容词或副词 + than 。

  例如:

  You are taller than I. 你比我高。

  They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。

  注意:

  1)要避免重复使用比较级。

  (错) He is more cleverer than his brother.

  (对) He is more clever than his brother.

  (对) He is clever than his brother.

  2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

  (错) China is larger than any country in Asia.

  (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.

  3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。

  The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

  It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

  4)要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。

  比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?

  Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?

  She is taller than her two sisters.

  She is the taller of the two sisters.

  七比五多二。所以用“多(more)”。多了两个所以要在前面加“two”。